关键词:谷子; 核心种质; 表型性状; 综合评价 Phenotypic Diversity Evaluations of Foxtail Millet Core Collections WANG Hai-Gang1, JIA Guan-Qing2, ZHI Hui2, WEN Qi-Fen1, DONG Jun-Li1, CHEN Ling1, WANG Jun-Jie1, CAO Xiao-Ning1, LIU Si-Chen1, WANG Lun1, QIAO Zhi-Jun1,*, DIAO Xian-Min2,* 1 Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture / Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops, Taiyuan 030031, China
2Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
Fund:This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301328, 31171560), the National Key Technology Research and Development Program (2014BAD07B01), the Special Program of Modern Agro-industry Technology System (CARS07-12.5-A02, CARS-07-12.5-A12) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS AbstractEvaluation of genetic diversity could benefit the identification of optimal parental combinations for obtaining segregating offspring with maximum genetic variability, and facilitate the introgression of favorable genes from various germplasm into commercial cultivars. In this study, foxtail millet core collections including 878 world-wide accessions were evaluated through phenotypic analysis of 15 agronomic traits. Main conclusions are as follows: (1) Chinese accessions present higher level of phenotypic diversity, especially in grain weight per main stem, panicle length, panicle diameter, plant height, stem node number and growth period; phenotypic diversity is lower in elite cultivars than in traditional landraces; gains of breeding progress in foxtail millet are expressed in reduced plant height and panicle length, coupling with increased diameter of main stem, stem node number, panicle diameter, grain weight per main stem, panicle weight per main stem and growth period; (2) from the cluster analysis, foreign resources are divided into three categories according to the geographical origins, the first category mainly includes accessions from northeast European countries, the second cluster is mainly collected from North America and Africa, and the third group includes varieties mainly from East Asia, South Asia, African, and European countries; Chinese collections is able to be divided into three groups of spring-sowing, summer-sowing and southern ecotypes; (3) comprehensive assessment of phenotypic traits based on principal component analysis (PCA) and step regression analysis demonstrates that leaf sheath color, bristle length, hull color, grain color, plant height, spike length, stem diameter and grain weight per plant can be used as main identification indicators of foxtail millet phenotypic variations. This research will benefit the utilization of foxtail millet resources in variety breeding practices in the future.
Keyword:Foxtail millet; Core collections; Phenotypic traits; Comprehensive evaluations Show Figures Show Figures
4 结论建立了回归方程, 筛选出8个性状作为谷子表型鉴定的主要指标, 能有效反映谷子种质的综合表现。878份谷子的应用核心种质变异丰富, 在遗传育种中有较好的利用价值。我国谷子的育种水平还较低, 育种选择和进步的空间还很大。山西省适合谷子表型精准鉴定, 鉴定数据全面稳定且可为应用核心种质在山西的应用以及其他谷子产区的育种提供参考。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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