白小明,,
朱雅楠,
张毓婧,
闫玉邦,
张才忠,
李玉杰
甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心 兰州 730070
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目31560667
甘肃省林草局草原生态修复治理科技支撑项目GSLC-2020-3
详细信息
作者简介:袁娅娟, 主要研究方向为草地生物多样性。E-mail: 1239412646@qq.com
通讯作者:白小明, 主要从事草坪科学研究。E-mail: baixm@gsau.edu.cn
中图分类号:S688.4计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2020-12-09
录用日期:2021-03-15
刊出日期:2021-08-01
Correlation between the rhizome expansion ability and endogenous hormones contents of wild Poa pratensis in Gansu Province
YUAN Yajuan,BAI Xiaoming,,
ZHU Yanan,
ZHANG Yujing,
YAN Yubang,
ZHANG Caizhong,
LI Yujie
College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education/Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province/Sino-U.S. Center for Grazingland Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou 730070, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China31560667
the Science and Technology Support Project of Grassland Ecological Restoration and Management of Gansu Forestry and Grass BureauGSLC-2020-3
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Corresponding author:BAI Xiaoming, E-mail: baixm@gsau.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:草地早熟禾（Poa pratensis）是典型的根茎型禾草，根茎作为其营养物质储藏和营养繁殖的重要器官，在提高植株地表侵占能力及地下固土能力方面具有重要作用。根茎的发生和发育与内源激素密切相关，本试验以采自甘肃境内9个不同生态型的野生草地早熟禾为试验材料，以‘午夜Ⅱ’草地早熟禾为对照，分析根茎扩展能力与内源激素含量间的相关性，以期揭示草地早熟禾根茎扩展的激素调控机理，为草地早熟禾新品种选育和草坪养护管理提供理论和实践依据。结果表明：1）不同生态型野生草地早熟禾根茎扩展能力存在显著差异，榆中草地早熟禾的分蘖数、根茎数、地上生物量和茎节长最大；西和草地早熟禾的覆盖面积、最长根茎和根茎生物量表现最优，供试不同生态型草地早熟禾材料根茎综合扩展能力由强到弱依次为榆中>西和> ‘午夜Ⅱ’ >渭源>灵台>清水>肃南>秦州>夏河>安定。2）内源激素在草地早熟禾根茎和茎基的分布存在差异，GA3、IAA和ABA含量均为根茎>茎基，ZT含量为茎基>根茎，且两个部位GA3含量均高于其余激素。3）相关性分析显示，草地早熟禾根茎扩展能力与ZT含量、茎基ZT/ABA和IAA/ABA极显著正相关（P < 0.01），与根茎GA3/IAA显著负相关（P < 0.05），与IAA、GA3和ABA含量相关性不显著（P>0.05）。综上，榆中草地早熟禾根茎扩展性最强，且优于‘午夜Ⅱ’草地早熟禾（对照），可作为扩展能力强草地早熟禾新品种选育的优良材料；ZT含量和IAA/ABA与ZT/ABA的比值越高，GA3/IAA比值越低，越有利于草地早熟禾根茎扩展。
关键词:草地早熟禾/
生态型/
根茎/
扩展能力/
内源激素
Abstract:Poa pratensis is a typical rhizome grass, of which rhizome is an important organ for nutrient storage and vegetative reproduction that plays an important role in improving plant surface invasion and underground soil consolidation. The occurrence and development of rhizomes are closely related to endogenous hormones. This study investigated the hormone regulation mechanism of rhizome expansion by examining the correlation between the rhizome expansion ability and endogenous hormones contents in nine ecotypes of wild P. pratensis from different areas of Gansu Province and 'Midnight Ⅱ' P. pratensis (the control). The purpose of this study was to provide a theoretical and practical basis for new variety breeding and lawn maintenance and management of P. pratensis. The results indicated that: 1) there were differences in the rhizome expansion ability among the wild P. pratensis ecotypes. P. pratensis from Yuzhong had the largest tiller number, rhizome number, aboveground biomass, and stem node length, whereas P. pratensis from Xihe had the largest coverage area, longest rhizome, and highest rhizome biomass. The rhizome expansion ability of P. pratensis from strong to weak was P. pratensis from Yuzhong > from Xihe > from 'Midnight Ⅱ' > from Weiyuan > from Lingtai > from Qingshui > from Sunan > from Qinzhou > from Xiahe > from Anding. 2) The distribution of endogenous hormones in the rhizome and stem base of P. pratensis was significantly different; the gibberellic acid (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) contents were rhizome > stem base; the zeatin (ZT) content was stem base > rhizome; and the GA3 content in the two parts was significantly higher than that of the other hormones. 3) Correlation analysis showed that the rhizome expansion ability of P. pratensis was positively correlated with the ZT content, stem base ZT/ABA, and IAA/ABA (P < 0.05) but negatively correlated with rhizome GA3/IAA (P < 0.05). However, there were no correlations between the IAA, GA3, and ABA contents. In summary, P. pratensis from Yuzhong, which has better rhizome expansion ability than 'Midnight Ⅱ', is good for variety breeding; the higher ZT content and ratio of IAA/ABA to ZT/ABA and the lower GA3/IAA ratio are beneficial to the rhizome expansion.
Key words:Poa pratensis/
Ecological type/
Rhizome/
Expansion ability/
Endogenous hormones
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图1供试草地早熟禾材料玉米素(ZT, A)、赤霉素(GA3, B)、生长素(IAA, C)和脱落酸(ABA, D)含量
材料名称详见表 1。不同小写字母表示不同材料在P < 0.05水平差异显著。
Figure1.Zeatin (ZT, A), gibberellin (GA3, B), auxin (IAA, C) and abscisic acid (ABA, D) contents of different materials of Poa pratensis
The names of the material are shown in the table 1. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 level among different materials.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1供试的10个草地早熟禾材料
Table1.Information of 10 tested materials of Poa pratensis
| 材料名称 Material name | 编号 Code | 采集地Collection site | ||||||
| 地点 Location | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 经度 Longitude | 纬度 Latitude | 年均降水量 Average annual precipitation (mm) | 年均温 Average annual temperature (℃) | 生境 Habitat | ||
| 野生草地早熟禾 Wild Poa pratensis | PLLT | 甘肃省灵台县 Lingtai, Gansu | 1227 | 107°62′E | 35°07′N | 586.3 | 9.4 | 渠边 Canal side |
| TSQS | 甘肃省清水县 Qingshui, Gansu | 1501 | 106°12′E | 34°7′3N | 564.5 | 9.3 | 河谷 Valley | |
| TSQZ | 甘肃省秦州区 Qinzhou, Gansu | 1723 | 104°35′E | 34°05′N | 531 | 10.72 | 河谷 Valley | |
| LNXH | 甘肃省西和县 Xihe, Gansu | 1250 | 105°30′E | 34°02′N | 533 | 8.4 | 山坡 Hill side | |
| DXAD | 甘肃省安定区 Anding, Gansu | 2035 | 104°62′E | 35°58′N | 377 | 7.2 | 山坡 Hill side | |
| DXWY | 甘肃省渭源县 Weiyuan, Gansu | 2401 | 104°05′E | 35°02′N | 500 | 6.8 | 路边 Roadside | |
| LZYZ | 甘肃省榆中县 Yuzhong, Gansu | 1965 | 104°04′E | 35°48′N | 400 | 6.6 | 沟底 Ditch | |
| GNXH | 甘肃省夏河县 Xiahe, Gansu | 3140 | 102°60′E | 34°80′N | 516 | 2.6 | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | |
| ZYSN | 甘肃省肃南县 Sunan, Gansu | 2950 | 99°52′E | 38°48′N | 257.21 | 4.2 | 高山草原 Alpine grasslands | |
| 商用‘午夜Ⅱ’ Marketed ‘Midnight Ⅱ’ | WY(CK) | |||||||
下载: 导出CSV表2激素HPLC分析流动相梯度组成
Table2.Analysis of gradient composition of mobile phase by hormone HPLC
| 时间 Time (min) | 流动相A Flow phase A (%) | 流动相B Flow phase B (%) |
| 0.00 | 10.0 | 90.0 |
| 1.00 | 45.0 | 55.0 |
| 3.00 | 55.0 | 45.0 |
| 5.00 | 65.0 | 35.0 |
| 8.00 | 75.0 | 25.0 |
| 12.00 | 10.0 | 90.0 |
| 14.00 | 10.0 | 90.0 |
下载: 导出CSV表34种激素的出峰时间及线性方程
Table3.Peak times and linear equations of four hormones
| 激素 Hormone | 出峰时间 Peak time (min) | 回归方程 Regression equation | R2 |
| 玉米素ZT | 4.280 | Y=1.66×104X-1.98×103 | 0.999 943 |
| 赤霉素GA3 | 6.030 | Y=4.36×10X+1.34×103 | 0.999 464 |
| 生长素IAA | 7.987 | Y=4.58×103X-2.94×102 | 0.999 965 |
| 脱落酸ABA | 8.794 | Y=2.60×104X-2.70×103 | 0.999 934 |
下载: 导出CSV表4供试草地早熟禾材料根茎扩展性指标比较
Table4.Comparison of different indexes of rhizome expansion of different materials of Poa pratensis
| 材料 Material | 覆盖面积 Coverage area (cm2·plant–1) | 分蘖数 Tillers number | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass (g·plant–1) | 根茎数 Number of rhizomes | 茎节长 Stem internode length (cm) | 最长根茎 Longest rhizome (cm) | 根茎生物量 Rhizomes biomass (g·plant–1) |
| PLLT | 467.48±2.10c | 157.50±3.50d | 8.08±0.91b | 18.50±0.50d | 1.42±0.25cd | 9.20±0.30def | 0.40±0.04d |
| TSQS | 444.85±4.73d | 116.50±5.50e | 7.22±1.45bc | 19.00±1.00d | 1.69±0.34c | 8.70±0.68ef | 0.49±0.03d |
| TSQZ | 306.50±5.85g | 80.00±9.00f | 4.91±1.36cd | 12.00±2.65e | 1.65±0.12c | 13.07±1.46bc | 0.26±0.03e |
| LNXH | 662.89±4.44a | 173.33±5.03c | 11.36±0.73a | 60.50±0.50b | 2.43±0.19ab | 17.17±1.19a | 1.70±0.11a |
| DXAD | 281.90±3.77h | 92.50±4.50f | 4.54±2.44de | 12.50±3.50e | 1.03±0.39d | 9.47±0.65def | 0.20±0.03e |
| DXWY | 323.61±5.51f | 213.67±6.81b | 6.97±1.52bcd | 71.50±6.50a | 1.66±0.25c | 11.03±0.92cde | 0.69±0.03c |
| LZYZ | 547.05±4.39b | 325.00±15.00a | 11.73±1.79a | 76.00±3.61a | 2.78±0.35a | 16.53±1.55a | 1.66±0.02a |
| GNXH | 123.17±5.64j | 82.50±2.50f | 2.18±0.06e | 16.00±1.00de | 1.37±0.08cd | 8.33±1.04f | 0.25±0.05e |
| ZYSN | 265.26±5.53i | 164.50±8.50cd | 4.34±1.83de | 17.00±1.00de | 1.57±0.44c | 11.20±2.08cd | 0.16±0.04e |
| CK | 334.55±3.62e | 211.00±4.00b | 7.46±0.90bc | 53.50±2.50c | 2.19±0.07b | 14.17±1.59b | 1.44±0.16b |
| 材料名称详见表 1。同列不同小写字母表示同一指标不同材料间差异显著(P < 0.05)。The names of material are shown in the table 1. Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate that there are significant differences at P < 0.05 level in the same index among different materials. | |||||||
下载: 导出CSV表5供试草地早熟禾材料根茎扩展性综合评价
Table5.Comprehensive evaluation of expansion ability of different materials of Poa pratensis
| 材料 Material | 隶属函数值Value of subordinate function (SF) | 平均隶属度 Average SF | 排序 Order | ||||||
| 覆盖面积 Coverage area | 分蘖数 Tiller number | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass | 根茎数 Number of rhizomes | 茎节长 Stem internode length | 最长根茎 Longest rhizome | 根茎生物量 Rhizomes biomass | |||
| PLLT | 0.6379 | 0.3163 | 0.6171 | 0.1016 | 0.2237 | 0.0981 | 0.4456 | 0.3607 | 5 |
| TSQS | 0.5960 | 0.1490 | 0.5271 | 0.1094 | 0.3748 | 0.0453 | 0.4203 | 0.3303 | 6 |
| TSQZ | 0.3397 | 0.0000 | 0.2852 | 0.0000 | 0.3537 | 0.5359 | 0.0294 | 0.1967 | 8 |
| LNXH | 1.0000 | 0.3809 | 0.9609 | 0.7578 | 0.8030 | 1.0000 | 0.5434 | 0.7487 | 2 |
| DXAD | 0.0000 | 0.0102 | 0.0000 | 0.0625 | 0.1931 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0332 | 10 |
| DXWY | 0.3714 | 0.5456 | 0.5012 | 0.9297 | 0.3576 | 0.3057 | 0.2788 | 0.4461 | 4 |
| LZYZ | 0.7854 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 0.9283 | 1.0000 | 0.9642 | 1 |
| GNXH | 0.2941 | 0.0510 | 0.2471 | 0.0078 | 0.0000 | 0.1283 | 0.0272 | 0.0978 | 9 |
| ZYSN | 0.2633 | 0.3449 | 0.2262 | 0.0781 | 0.3078 | 0.3245 | 0.0236 | 0.1990 | 7 |
| CK | 0.3916 | 0.5347 | 0.5529 | 0.6484 | 0.6635 | 0.6604 | 0.2821 | 0.5020 | 3 |
| 材料名称详见表 1。The names of material are shown in the table 1. | |||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表6草地早熟禾根茎扩展性与根茎和茎基内源激素含量相关性
Table6.Correlation between endogenous hormones contents in rhizome and stem base and expansion indexes of Poa pratensis
| 部位 Organ | 激素 Hormone name | 根茎扩展性 Ability of rhizome expansion | 扩展指标Expansion indexes | ||||||
| 覆盖面积 Coverage area | 分蘖数 Tillers number | 地上生物量 Aboveground biomass | 根茎数 Number of rhizomes | 茎节长 Internode length | 最长根茎 Longest rhizome | 根茎生物量 Rhizomes biomass | |||
| 根茎Rhizome | 玉米素ZT | 0.787** | 0.368 | 0.925** | 0.628* | 0.858** | 0.728* | 0.529 | 0.668* |
| 赤霉素GA3 | –0.229 | –0.041 | –0.352 | –0.193 | –0.343 | –0.247 | –0.161 | –0.150 | |
| 生长素IAA | –0.042 | –0.175 | –0.118 | –0.116 | –0.101 | –0.145 | –0.147 | –0.284 | |
| 脱落酸ABA | –0.084 | 0.053 | –0.411 | –0.082 | –0.251 | –0.046 | –0.147 | 0.006 | |
| ZT/ABA | 0.595 | 0.209 | 0.828** | 0.455 | 0.729** | 0.507 | 0.404 | 0.442 | |
| GA3/ABA | –0.354 | –0.215 | –0.123 | –0.279 | –0.303 | –0.400 | –0.168 | –0.323 | |
| IAA/ABA | 0.207 | –0.074 | 0.398 | 0.119 | 0.395 | 0.190 | 0.296 | 0.310 | |
| GA3/IAA | –0.606* | –0.425 | –0.635* | –0.490 | –0.672* | –0.566* | –0.512 | –0.491 | |
| 茎基Stem base | 玉米素ZT | 0.851** | 0.438 | 0.940** | 0.698* | 0.881** | 0.800* | 0.608 | 0.760* |
| 赤霉素GA3 | –0.022 | –0.303 | –0.031 | –0.225 | –0.093 | 0.057 | 0.018 | –0.017 | |
| 生长素IAA | 0.474 | 0.299 | 0.338 | 0.383 | 0.298 | 0.397 | 0.188 | 0.446 | |
| 脱落酸ABA | –0.092 | 0.039 | –0.440 | –0.098 | –0.264 | –0.036 | 0.076 | –0.064 | |
| ZT/ABA | 0.677* | 0.264 | 0.891** | 0.536 | 0.799** | 0.629 | 0.433 | 0.605 | |
| GA3/ABA | 0.182 | –0.175 | 0.376 | –0.003 | 0.154 | 0.218 | 0.157 | 0.154 | |
| IAA/ABA | 0.617* | 0.307 | 0.760* | 0.525 | 0.577 | 0.524 | 0.251 | 0.567 | |
| GA3/IAA | –0.461 | –0.577 | –0.374 | –0.592 | –0.468 | –0.286 | –0.066 | –0.448 | |
| *和**表示在P < 0.05和P < 0.01水平显著相关。* and ** show significant correlations at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 levels. | |||||||||
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