植物排放N<sub>2</sub>O研究进展

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胡慧娴^1,,
袁丹¹,
曾佳瑞¹,
姚金志¹,
何小冬¹,
秦树平^1,,,
胡春胜²,
周顺桂¹
1.福建农林大学资源与环境学院福州 350002
2.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心石家庄 050022
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目41771331
国家自然科学基金项目41807082
国家自然科学基金项目41530859

详细信息

作者简介:胡慧娴, 主要研究方向为植物排放氧化亚氮释放的机理。E-mail: 592416255@qq.com

通讯作者:秦树平, 主要从事土壤反硝化方法学及反硝化脱氮机理研究。E-mail: qinshuping@sjziam.ac.cn

中图分类号:X51;S154.1

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出版历程

收稿日期:2020-06-12
录用日期:2020-09-30
刊出日期:2021-02-01

Advances in plant nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions

HU Huixian^1,,
YUAN Dan¹,
ZENG Jiarui¹,
YAO Jinzhi¹,
HE Xiaodong¹,
QIN Shuping^1,,,
HU Chunsheng²,
ZHOU Shungui¹
1. College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
2. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China41771331
the National Natural Science Foundation of China41807082
the National Natural Science Foundation of China41530859

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Corresponding author:QIN Shuping, E-mail: qinshuping@sjziam.ac.cn

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摘要
摘要:氧化亚氮（N₂O）是主要的温室气体之一，对大气环境质量与全球气候变化具有重要的影响。N₂O排放不仅增加温室效应，同时也会导致陆地生态系统氮损失与平流层臭氧消耗。长期以来土壤被认为是陆地生态系统N₂O的主要排放源，但近年来越来越多的证据表明，植物可能是陆地生态系统N₂O排放的另一重要来源。近年来有关植物排放N₂O的报道逐年增多，但对植物排放N₂O的途径及其调控机制方面还缺乏文献综述。本文首先在总结长期以来人们普遍认为的N₂O源与汇的基础上，提出陆地植物可能是另一个尚未被广泛认可的重要的N₂O的排放源。植物排放N₂O可能有两种潜在途径：1）植物作为土壤中通过微生物产生的N₂O的运输通道，2）植物通过自身代谢或内生菌的作用产生N₂O并排放到大气中。然后分析了关键因素（养分、光照、温度和植物器官及生长阶段）对植物排放N₂O的影响机制。最后指出未来需进一步探明植物体内产生N₂O的具体途径及其对全球N₂O排放的贡献，重点是探明植物自身的生理生化过程以及与其伴生、共生的微生物在N₂O产生中的作用。
关键词:植物/
氧化亚氮/
陆地生态系统/
反硝化/
氮循环
Abstract:Nitrous oxide (N₂O) significantly affects atmospheric environment quality and global climate change. N₂O emissions intensify greenhouse effects and lead to terrestrial reactive nitrogen loss and stratospheric ozone consumption. Soil is considered the primary source of N₂O emissions from terrestrial ecosystems. However, recent studies indicate that plants also contribute to terrestrial ecosystem N₂O emissions. Plant N₂O emissions have been increasingly studied over the last decade, but a review of the N₂O plant emission pathway and regulatory mechanisms is lacking. This paper summarized the traditionally recognized N₂O sources and sinks, and proposed that terrestrial plants may be another unrecognized N₂O source. Two potential plant N₂O emission pathways were analyzed: 1) soil microorganisms produce N₂O which is then emitted by plants or 2) plants produce N₂O via metabolism or the action of endophytes. Subsequently, key factors were analyzed (e.g., nutrients, light, temperature, plant organs, and growth stage) to determine the effects on and mechanisms of N₂O plant emissions. This study suggests that specific plant N₂O production pathways and their contributions to global N₂O emissions should be explored, with a focus on the physiological and biochemical processes of plants and the role of the symbiotic microorganisms in N₂O production.
Key words:Plant/
Nitrous oxide/
Terrestrial ecosystems/
Denitrification/
Nitrogen cycle

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图1土壤-植物系统N₂O运输与排放机制
Figure1.Mechanisms of N₂O transport and emission in soil-plant system

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图2植物N₂O形成机制
Figure2.Mechanisms of N₂O formation of plants tissues

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图3植物排放N₂O光调节模式示意图
Figure3.Schematic diagrams of light regulation mode for N₂O emission from plant

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参考文献(69)

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