张立峰1, 2,,,
刘玉华1, 2,
张继宗1, 2,
杜玉琼1
1.河北农业大学农学院 保定 071000
2.农业部张北农业资源与生态环境重点野外科学观测试验站 张家口 076450
基金项目: 公益性行业（农业）科研专项201503120
河北省重点研发计划项目18227004D
详细信息
作者简介:姚兆磊, 主要从事作物生产制度研究。E-mail:1273990544@qq.com
通讯作者:张立峰, 主要从事农作制度与农业生态学研究。E-mail:zlf@hebau.edu.cn
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出版历程
收稿日期:2019-11-08
录用日期:2020-03-05
刊出日期:2020-05-01
Nutrient effect analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus in crop production in cold and arid region of North China under rotation cropping
YAO Zhaolei1,,ZHANG Lifeng1, 2,,,
LIU Yuhua1, 2,
ZHANG Jizong1, 2,
DU Yuqiong1
1. College of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
2. Zhangbei Agricultural Resources and Ecological Environment Key Field Research Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhangjiakou 076450, China
Funds: the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China201503120
the Key Research and Development Project of Hebei Province18227004D
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Corresponding author:ZHANG Lifeng, E-mail:zlf@hebau.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:明晰华北寒旱区主栽作物的氮、磷养分利用效果，能够发挥作物生态适生性与养分高效性优势，是作物充分利用区域自然-社会资源进行生产配置技术创新的理论依据。在河北省张北县砂质栗钙土农田，采用交叉式种植方法，设计了包括马铃薯、亚麻、谷子、莜麦、甜菜等5种作物的轮作试验，研究在轮作条件下华北寒旱区主栽作物的养分利用效果。结果表明，5种作物间生物产量相差1.17~2.34倍，甜菜最高（10 291 kg·hm-2），莜麦次之，亚麻最低（4 393 kg·hm-2），作物间产量差异性显著；5种作物氮、磷携出量分别相差1.03~2.10倍、1.00~1.92倍，甜菜氮素携出量最高（199 kg·hm-2），莜麦磷素携出量最高（29 kg·hm-2），亚麻氮、磷携出量均最低（分别为95 kg·hm-2、15 kg·hm-2）；氮、磷养分生物学效率分别在43.82~53.11 kg·kg-1、287.60~574.88 kg·kg-1，其中甜菜氮、磷养分生物学效率最高；5种作物氮、磷产投比变化在0.50~1.65、0.34~1.83，莜麦氮、磷产投比最高。在华北寒旱区，作物种类是引起作物产量、氮磷携出量及氮磷养分生物学效率差异的主要因素，茬口对诸性状的影响不明显。甜菜是对氮、磷吸收高效利用的高产作物，莜麦是对农田供给氮、磷高效利用的作物；马铃薯作为甜菜的前茬、甜菜作为莜麦的前茬更有利于提高作物产量。
关键词:华北寒旱区/
养分利用效率/
养分产投比/
甜菜/
莜麦/
马铃薯/
亚麻/
谷子
Abstract:To determine the nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency of main crops in the cold and arid region of North China is the theoretical basis for innovating crop configuration technologies by exploiting the advantages of crop ecological adaptations and nutrient use efficiency to achieve the full utilization of regional natural and social resources. In the sandy chestnut soil farmland of Zhangbei County, Hebei Province, a rotation experiment with five crops, including potatoes, flax, millet, oat and sugar beets, was conducted in sandy chestnut soil by crossing plots design, to study the nutrient utilization effect of main crop in cold and arid region of North China. The results showed that the difference of biomass among five crops was 1.17-2.34 times, the highest was 10 290 kg·hm-2 in beets, followed by oat, the lowest was 4 393 kg·hm-2 in flax, and the yield difference among crops was significant. The differences in uptake of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in crops was 1.03-2.10 and 1.00-1.92 times respectively, the highest uptake of total nitrogen was 199 kg·hm-2 in beets, and the maximum uptake of total phosphorus was 29 kg·hm-2 in oat, and the lowest uptake of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was 95 kg·hm-2 and 15 kg·hm-2 in flax, respectively. The use efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus was 43.82-53.11 kg·kg-1 and 287.60-574.88 kg·kg-1, among which beet had the highest use efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients. N, P input and output ratios of five crops changed between 0.50-1.65 and 0.34-1.83, the ratios of oat were the highest. In cold arid region of North China, the crop type is the main factor that causes difference of crop yield, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and use efficiency, the effect of previous crop on soil characters was not obvious. Beet is a crop that can achieve high yield and N, P use efficiency, oat is a crop that can efficiently use nitrogen and phosphorus from soil. Potato followed by beet, and beet followed by oat were more possible to improve yield.
Key words:Cold and arid region of North China/
Nutrient use efficiency/
Input and output ratio of nutrient/
Beet/
Oat/
Potato/
Flax/
Millet
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表12015—2018年各试验小区不同作物的种植顺序
Table1.Planting sequence of different crops of each plot in the experiment from 2015 to 2018
| 试验小区 Experimental plot | 试验年份?Experimental year | |||
| 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
| 1 | B | P | B | P |
| 2 | O | P | O | P |
| 3 | M | P | M | P |
| 4 | F | P | F | P |
| 5 | P | P | P | P |
| 6 | B | F | B | F |
| 7 | O | F | O | F |
| 8 | M | F | M | F |
| 9 | F | F | F | F |
| 10 | P | F | P | F |
| 11 | B | M | B | M |
| 12 | O | M | O | M |
| 13 | M | M | M | M |
| 14 | F | M | F | M |
| 15 | P | M | P | M |
| 16 | B | O | B | O |
| 17 | O | O | O | O |
| 18 | M | O | M | O |
| 19 | F | O | F | O |
| 20 | P | O | P | O |
| 21 | B | B | B | B |
| 22 | O | B | O | B |
| 23 | M | B | M | B |
| 24 | F | B | F | B |
| 25 | P | B | P | B |
| — | — | — | — | — |
| P:马铃薯; F:亚麻; M:饲用谷子; O:莜麦; B:甜菜。P: potato (Solanum tuberosum); F: flax (Linum usitatissimum); M: millet (Setaria italica); O: oat (Avena sativa); B: beet (Beta vulgaris). | ||||
下载: 导出CSV表22015—2018年各作物的每年N、P施入量
Table2.N and P inputs of each crop every year from 2015 to 2018?
| 年份?Year | 养分?Nutrient | 马铃薯?Potato | 亚麻?Flax | 谷子?Millet | 莜麦?Oat | 甜菜?Beet |
| 2015 | N | 161 | 64 | 257 | 64 | 214 |
| P | 42 | 19 | 37 | 9 | 56 | |
| 2016 | N | 161 | 64 | 257 | 64 | 214 |
| P | 42 | 19 | 37 | 9 | 56 | |
| 2017 | N | 161 | 64 | 257 | 244 | 214 |
| P | 42 | 19 | 37 | 40 | 56 | |
| 2018 | N | 161 | 64 | 257 | 244 | 214 |
| P | 42 | 19 | 37 | 40 | 56 |
下载: 导出CSV表32016—2018年不同前茬下各作物的生物产量
Table3.Biological yield of each crop with different previous crops in 2016-2018 ?
| 作物 Crop | 年份 Year | 前茬作物?Previous crop | 平均 Average | ||||
| 马铃薯?Potato | 亚麻?Flax | 谷子?Millet | 莜麦?Oat | 甜菜?Beet | |||
| 马铃薯 Potato | 2016 | 2 579 | 4 346 | 4 742 | 4 856 | 4 374 | 4 179a |
| 2017 | 6 858 | 5 850 | 6 581 | 6 819 | 6 631 | 6 548b | |
| 2018 | 4 832 | 7 125 | 5 571 | 7 474 | 6 420 | 6 284b | |
| 平均?Average | 4 756a | 5 773a | 5 631a | 6 383a | 5 808 a | 5 670AB | |
| 亚麻 Flax | 2016 | 4 402 | 4 269 | 4 702 | 4 769 | 4 702 | 4 569b |
| 2017 | 4 161 | 3 825 | 3 585 | 4 333 | 3 726 | 3 926a | |
| 2018 | 4 547 | 4 717 | 5 154 | 4 985 | 4 024 | 4 685b | |
| 平均?Average | 4 370a | 4 270a | 4 480a | 4 696a | 4 151a | 4 393A | |
| 谷子 Millet | 2016 | 5 417 | 5 625 | 5 294 | 5 650 | 4 134 | 5 224a |
| 2017 | 7 345 | 6 051 | 7 113 | 5 544 | 6 743 | 6 559ab | |
| 2018 | 10 479 | 9 883 | 5 436 | 7 483 | 6 914 | 8 039b | |
| 平均?Average | 7 747a | 7 186a | 5 948a | 6 226a | 5 931a | 6 607AB | |
| 莜麦 Oat | 2016 | 11 572 | 11 739 | 11 106 | 11 372 | 12 573 | 11 673c |
| 2017 | 6 614 | 4 912 | 4 960 | 4 974 | 5 901 | 5 472a | |
| 2018 | 7 589 | 7 756 | 7 218 | 6 718 | 8 743 | 7 605b | |
| 平均?Average | 8 592a | 8 136a | 7 761a | 7 688a | 9 072a | 8 250BC | |
| 甜菜 Beet | 2016 | 13 583 | 9 404 | 9 752 | 11 650 | 10 444 | 10 967a |
| 2017 | 9 738 | 10 303 | 8 698 | 9 257 | 7 400 | 9 079a | |
| 2018 | 11 834 | 11 803 | 10 754 | 11 031 | 8 708 | 10 826a | |
| 平均?Average | 11 719b | 10 503ab | 9 735ab | 10 646ab | 8 851a | 10 291C | |
| 每种作物平均值后不同小写字母表示不同前茬同一作物生物产量差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同小写字母表示不同年份同一作物生物产量差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同大写字母表示5种作物间生物产量差异显著(P < 0.05)。Different lowercase letters in the “Average” line of each crop represent significant differences in the biological yield of the crop among different previous crops (P < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the biological yield of the same crop among different years (P < 0.05). Different capital letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the biological yield among five crops (P < 0.05). | |||||||
下载: 导出CSV表42016—2018年不同前茬下各作物的氮(N)、磷(P)携出量
Table4.N and P uptake amounts of each crop with different previous crops from 2016 to 2018 ?
| 作物 Crop | 年份 Year | 前茬作物?Previous crop | 平均 Average | |||||||||||||||
| 马铃薯?Potato | 亚麻?Flax | 谷子?Millet | 莜麦?Oat | 甜菜?Beet | ||||||||||||||
| N | P | N | P | N | P | N | P | N | P | N | P | |||||||
| 马铃薯 Potato | 2016 | 52 | 7 | 97 | 13 | 102 | 14 | 98 | 14 | 91 | 13 | 88 | 12 | |||||
| 2017 | 153 | 20 | 130 | 14 | 146 | 21 | 165 | 22 | 162 | 19 | 151 | 19 | ||||||
| 2018 | 131 | 19 | 172 | 27 | 129 | 22 | 187 | 27 | 164 | 24 | 156 | 24 | ||||||
| 平均?Average | 112a | 15a | 133a | 18a | 126a | 19a | 150a | 21a | 139a | 19a | 132AB | 18AB | ||||||
| 亚麻 Flax | 2016 | 99 | 18 | 91 | 16 | 92 | 15 | 100 | 16 | 96 | 16 | 95 | 16 | |||||
| 2017 | 100 | 14 | 75 | 9 | 85 | 12 | 98 | 12 | 88 | 13 | 89 | 12 | ||||||
| 2018 | 96 | 17 | 85 | 15 | 108 | 17 | 124 | 22 | 88 | 17 | 100 | 18 | ||||||
| 平均?Average | 99ab | 16a | 83a | 13a | 95ab | 15a | 107b | 17a | 91ab | 15a | 95A | 15A | ||||||
| 谷子 Mille | 2016 | 114 | 17 | 119 | 19 | 118 | 18 | 115 | 16 | 87 | 12 | 111 | 17 | |||||
| 2017 | 146 | 15 | 126 | 16 | 142 | 22 | 95 | 10 | 125 | 15 | 127 | 16 | ||||||
| 2018 | 196 | 30 | 176 | 28 | 93 | 14 | 137 | 23 | 126 | 20 | 145 | 23 | ||||||
| 平均?Average | 152a | 21a | 141a | 21a | 118a | 18a | 116a | 17a | 113a | 16a | 128AB | 18AB | ||||||
| 莜麦 Oat | 2016 | 232 | 32 | 267 | 44 | 248 | 44 | 218 | 44 | 257 | 39 | 244 | 41 | |||||
| 2017 | 171 | 20 | 135 | 18 | 135 | 21 | 122 | 14 | 139 | 18 | 140 | 19 | ||||||
| 2018 | 118 | 24 | 157 | 28 | 128 | 25 | 139 | 27 | 177 | 38 | 144 | 28 | ||||||
| 平均?Average | 173a | 26a | 186a | 30a | 170a | 301a | 160a | 29a | 191a | 32a | 176B | 29B | ||||||
| 甜菜 Beet | 2016 | 319 | 29 | 222 | 21 | 227 | 25 | 246 | 22 | 251 | 18 | 253 | 23 | |||||
| 2017 | 187 | 14 | 190 | 15 | 146 | 12 | 154 | 11 | 125 | 11 | 160 | 13 | ||||||
| 2018 | 202 | 21 | 179 | 22 | 175 | 24 | 202 | 20 | 163 | 17 | 184 | 21 | ||||||
| 平均?Average | 236a | 21a | 197a | 19a | 183a | 20a | 200a | 18a | 180a | 16a | 199B | 19AB | ||||||
| 每种作物平均值后不同小写字母表示不同前茬同一作物养分携出量差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同大写字母表示5种作物间养分携出量差异显著(P < 0.05)。Different lowercase letters in the “Average” line of each crop represent significant differences in the nutrient uptake amounts of the crop among different previous crops (P < 0.05). Different capital letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the nutrient uptake amounts among five crops (P < 0.05). | ||||||||||||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表52016—2018年不同前茬下各作物氮素平均生物学效率与产投比
Table5.Average biological efficiency and output/input ratio of nitrogen of each crop with different previous crops from 2016 to 2018
| 作物 Crop | 项目 Item | 年份 Year | 前茬作物?Previous crop | 平均?Average | ||||
| 马铃薯 Potato | 亚麻 Flax | 谷子 Millet | 莜麦 Oat | 甜菜 Beet | ||||
| 马铃薯 Potato | 氮素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of nitrogen (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 49.87 | 44.96 | 46.65 | 49.59 | 48.23 | 47.86c |
| 2017 | 44.84 | 45.08 | 44.98 | 41.36 | 40.87 | 43.43b | ||
| 2018 | 37.01 | 41.46 | 43.12 | 40.05 | 39.17 | 40.16a | ||
| 平均?Average | 43.91a | 43.83a | 44.92a | 43.67a | 42.76a | 43.82A | ||
| 氮素产投比 Output/input of nitrogen | 平均?Average | 0.69a | 0.82a | 0.78a | 0.93a | 0.86a | 0.82B | |
| 亚麻 Flax | 氮素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of nitrogen (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 44.35 | 47.14 | 51.35 | 47.93 | 48.87 | 47.93a |
| 2017 | 41.69 | 51.14 | 42.18 | 44.21 | 42.52 | 44.35a | ||
| 2018 | 47.14 | 55.45 | 47.70 | 40.26 | 45.86 | 47.28a | ||
| 平均?Average | 44.39a | 51.24a | 47.08a | 44.13a | 45.75a | 46.52AB | ||
| 氮素产投比 Output/input of nitrogen | 平均?Average | 1.53ab | 1.30a | 1.48ab | 1.67b | 1.41ab | 1.48C | |
| 谷子 Millet | 氮素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of nitrogen (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 47.55 | 47.17 | 44.70 | 49.29 | 47.67 | 47.28a |
| 2017 | 50.37 | 47.96 | 50.07 | 58.17 | 53.83 | 52.08b | ||
| 2018 | 53.54 | 56.06 | 58.65 | 54.79 | 54.86 | 55.58b | ||
| 平均?Average | 50.49a | 50.40a | 51.14a | 54.08a | 52.12a | 51.65C | ||
| 氮素产投比 Output/input of nitrogen | 平均?Average | 0.59a | 0.55a | 0.46a | 0.45a | 0.44a | 0.50A | |
| 莜麦 Oat | 氮素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of nitrogen (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 49.98 | 43.93 | 44.73 | 52.11 | 48.94 | 47.94b |
| 2017 | 38.76 | 36.44 | 36.72 | 40.83 | 42.43 | 39.04a | ||
| 2018 | 64.46 | 49.33 | 56.41 | 48.41 | 49.31 | 53.58b | ||
| 平均?Average | 51.07a | 43.23a | 45.95a | 47.12a | 46.89a | 46.85B | ||
| 氮素产投比 Output/input of nitrogen | 平均?Average | 1.59a | 1.78a | 1.65a | 1.49a | 1.76a | 1.65D | |
| 甜菜 Beet | 氮素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of nitrogen (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 42.58 | 42.43 | 42.92 | 47.41 | 41.69 | 43.41a |
| 2017 | 52.15 | 54.37 | 59.78 | 60.16 | 59.06 | 57.10b | ||
| 2018 | 58.46 | 66.08 | 61.51 | 54.74 | 53.31 | 58.82b | ||
| 平均?Average | 51.06a | 54.29a | 54.74a | 54.11a | 51.35a | 53.11C | ||
| 氮素产投比 Output/input of nitrogen | 平均?Average | 1.10a | 0.92a | 0.85a | 0.94a | 0.84a | 0.93B | |
| 每种作物平均值后不同小写字母表示不同前茬同一作物氮素生物学效率或氮素产投比差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同小写字母表示不同年份同一作物氮素生物学效率或氮素产投比差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同大写字母表示5种作物间氮素生物学效率或氮素产投比差异显著(P < 0.05)。Different lowercase letters in the “Average” line of each crop represent significant differences in the biological efficiency or output/input ratio of nitrogen of the crop among different previous crops (P < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the biological efficiency or output/input ratio of nitrogen of the same crop among different years (P < 0.05). Different capital letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the biological efficiency or output/input ratio of nitrogen among five crops (P < 0.05). | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表62016—2018年不同前茬下各作物磷素平均生物学效率与产投比
Table6.Average biological efficiency and output/input ratio of phosphorus in each crop with different previous crops from 2016 to 2018
| 作物 Crop | 项目 Item | 年份 Year | 前茬作物?Previous crop | 平均?Average | ||||
| 马铃薯 Potato | 亚麻 Flax | 谷子 Millet | 莜麦 Oat | 甜菜 Beet | ||||
| 马铃薯 Potato | 磷素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of phosphorus (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 368.52 | 342.08 | 344.94 | 337.63 | 332.13 | 345.06b |
| 2017 | 338.22 | 417.87 | 312.65 | 312.15 | 351.69 | 346.52b | ||
| 2018 | 252.16 | 261.66 | 259.15 | 278.82 | 263.28 | 263.01a | ||
| 平均?Average | 319.63a | 340.54a | 305.58a | 309.53a | 315.70a | 318.20A | ||
| 磷素产投比 Output/input of phosphorus | 平均?Average | 0.37a | 0.43a | 0.44a | 0.50a | 0.45a | 0.44AB | |
| 亚麻 Flax | 磷素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of phosphorus (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 246.51 | 271.12 | 321.79 | 293.28 | 294.96 | 285.53ab |
| 2017 | 302.62 | 413.66 | 300.81 | 354.05 | 294.82 | 333.19b | ||
| 2018 | 269.30 | 322.15 | 303.08 | 221.66 | 238.40 | 270.92a | ||
| 平均?Average | 272.81a | 335.65a | 308.56a | 289.66a | 276.06a | 296.55A | ||
| 磷素产投比 Output/input of phosphorus | 平均?Average | 0.85a | 0.70a | 0.76a | 0.90a | 0.80a | 0.80C | |
| 谷子 Millet | 磷素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of phosphorus (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 317.54 | 294.78 | 300.81 | 342.83 | 334.02 | 317.99a |
| 2017 | 474.80 | 387.80 | 328.61 | 528.69 | 436.29 | 431.24b | ||
| 2018 | 350.70 | 353.85 | 398.33 | 330.10 | 347.78 | 356.15a | ||
| 平均?Average | 381.01a | 345.48a | 342.58a | 400.54a | 372.69a | 368.46B | ||
| 谷子 Millet | 磷素产投比 Output/input of phosphorus | 平均?Average | 0.56a | 0.56a | 0.47a | 0.44a | 0.42a | 0.49B |
| 莜麦 Oat | 磷素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of phosphorus (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 356.58 | 269.32 | 253.94 | 255.86 | 323.42 | 291.82a |
| 2017 | 327.64 | 268.16 | 231.26 | 344.64 | 324.32 | 299.21a | ||
| 2018 | 311.28 | 276.88 | 286.87 | 251.48 | 232.27 | 271.76a | ||
| 平均?Average | 331.84b | 271.45ab | 257.36a | 283.99ab | 293.34ab | 287.60A | ||
| 磷素产投比 Output/input of phosphorus | 平均?Average | 1.52a | 1.93a | 1.94a | 1.92a | 1.84a | 1.83D | |
| 甜菜 Beet | 磷素生物学效率 Biological efficiency of phosphorus (kg·kg-1) | 2016 | 464.25 | 450.32 | 394.99 | 519.24 | 576.78 | 481.11a |
| 2017 | 714.22 | 677.44 | 721.07 | 843.88 | 646.56 | 720.64b | ||
| 2018 | 559.48 | 543.88 | 446.93 | 556.61 | 507.57 | 522.89a | ||
| 平均?Average | 579.31a | 557.21a | 521.00a | 639.91a | 576.97a | 574.88C | ||
| 磷素产投比 Output/input of phosphorus | 平均?Average | 0.38a | 0.34a | 0.36a | 0.32a | 0.28a | 0.34A | |
| 每种作物平均值后不同小写字母表示不同前茬同一作物磷素生物学效率或磷素产投比差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同小写字母表示不同年份同一作物磷素生物学效率或磷素产投比差异显著(P < 0.05), “平均”列不同大写字母表示5种作物间磷素生物学效率或磷素产投比差异显著(P < 0.05)。Different lowercase letters in the “Average” line of each crop represent significant differences in the biological efficiency or output/input ratio of phosphorus of the crop among different previous crops (P < 0.05). Different lowercase letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the biological efficiency or output/input ratio of phosphorus of the same crop among different years (P < 0.05). Different capital letters in the “Average” column represent significant differences in the biological efficiency or output/input ratio of phosphorus among five crops (P < 0.05). | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表7不同作物生物产量与养分携出量、养分生物学效率间的关系
Table7.Relationship between biological yield and nutrient uptake amount, nutrient biological efficiency of different crops
| 项目 Item | 养分 Nutrient | 马铃薯 Potato | 亚麻 Flax | 谷子 Millet | 莜麦 Oat | 甜菜 Beet | |
| 与生物量的相关系数 Correlation coefficient (r) | 养分携出量 Nutrient uptake amount | N | 0.971** | 0.694** | 0.985** | 0.921** | 0.775** |
| P | 0.888** | 0.682** | 0.873** | 0.912** | 0.772** | ||
| 养分生物学效率 Nutrient biological efficiency | N | -0.611* | 0.291 | 0.397 | 0.369 | 0.178 | |
| P | 0.353 | 0.256 | 0.016 | 0.035 | -0.394 | ||
| 养分生物学效率的变异系数 Coefficient of variation of nutrient biological efficiency (%) | N | 8.75 | 8.94 | 8.40 | 16.17 | 15.04 | |
| P | 14.91 | 15.95 | 17.96 | 14.19 | 21.53 | ||
| *与**分别表示在P < 0.05和P < 0.01水平差异显著。* and ** represent significant relationship at P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 levels, respectively. | |||||||
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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