秦海龙,
卢瑛,,
李博,
唐贤,
王超,
阳洋,
欧锦琼
华南农业大学资源环境学院/农业农村部华南耕地保育重点实验室/广东省土地利用与整治重点实验室 广州 510642
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目U1901601
国家自然科学基金项目41271233
国家科技基础性工作专项重点项目2014FY110200
详细信息
作者简介:黄伟濠, 主要从事土壤肥力研究。E-mail:389456502@qq.com
通讯作者:卢瑛, 主要研究方向为土壤发生演变与系统分类、耕地保育与质量提升、重金属污染土壤的生态环境效应与修复。E-mail:luying@scau.edu.cn
中图分类号:S156计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2019-09-25
录用日期:2019-12-25
刊出日期:2020-03-01
Effects of banana stem and its biochar application on soil aggregate characteristics in the Pearl River Delta
HUANG Weihao,QIN Hailong,
LU Ying,,
LI Bo,
TANG Xian,
WANG Chao,
YANG Yang,
OU Jinqiong
College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Land Use and Consolidation, Guangzhou 510642, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaU1901601
the National Natural Science Foundation of China41271233
the Special Project of National Science and Technology Basic Research of China2014FY110200
More Information
Corresponding author:LU Ying, E-mail: luying@scau.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:为了探究施用香蕉茎秆（蕉秆）及其制备的生物炭对珠江三角洲农田土壤肥力的影响，本文通过土壤培养和盆栽试验，研究了施用0.5%、1.0%和2.0%蕉秆和水稻秸秆（稻秆）及其生物炭后，土壤中不同粒级水稳性团聚体的组成，并采用团聚体平均重量直径（MWD）、几何平均直径（GMD）、分形维数（D）和平均重量比表面积（MWSSA）等评价团聚体的稳定性。结果表明：1）珠江三角洲农田土壤水稳定性团聚体以 < 0.25 mm微团聚体为主，占团聚体比例29.80%~52.52%；1~0.5 mm团聚体次之，占18.19%~20.08%。2）施用1.0%、2.0%蕉秆和2.0%稻秆显著增加>0.25 mm土壤团聚体总量，并显著提高土壤团聚体水稳定性；与不施用有机物料对照相比，团聚体MWD分别增加45.60%、62.37%和65.50%，GMD分别增加43.45%、55.34%和60.66%，D分别降低2.23%、2.32%和2.78%，MWSSA分别降低18.14%、20.09%和23.01%。3）MWD、GMD与> 5mm、5~2 mm和2~1 mm团聚体所占比例呈极显著或显著正相关，与 < 0.25 mm微团聚体所占比例呈极显著负相关；D、MWSSA与 < 0.25 mm微团聚体所占比例呈极显著正相关，与>5 mm、5~2 mm和2~1 mm团聚体所占比例呈极显著或显著负相关。4）综合主成分和差异显著性分析结果表明，施用2.0%和1.0%蕉秆提高土壤团聚体稳定性效果佳，均与施用2.0%稻秆没有显著差异，而施用蕉秆生物炭和稻秆生物炭短期内不能提高土壤团聚体稳定性。研究结果可为蕉秆废弃物资源化利用、提高土壤肥力提供参考依据。
关键词:农田土壤/
土壤团聚体稳定性/
香蕉茎秆/
生物炭/
珠江三角洲
Abstract:Here, to investigate the effects of banana stem and its biochar application on soil fertility in the Pearl River Delta, the effects of applying 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% banana stem, rice straw, and their biochar on the composition of soil water-stable aggregates were evaluated in soil culture and pot experiments. The mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD), fractal dimension (D), and mean weight specific surface area (MWSSA) were used to evaluate soil aggregate stability. The results revealed the following:1) Water-stable aggregates in the studied soil was dominated by < 0.25-mm micro-aggregates, followed by 1-0.5-mm aggregates, accounting for 29.80%-47.55% and 18.19%-20.08% of the aggregates, respectively. 2) Applying 1.0% and 2.0% banana stem and 2% rice straw significantly increased >0.25 mm macro-aggregate content and soil aggregate stability. Compared with the control treatment, the soil aggregate MWD increased by 45.60%, 62.37%, and 65.50%, respectively; GMD increased by 43.45%, 55.34%, and 60.66% respectively; D decreased by 2.23%, 2.32%, and 2.78% respectively; and MWSSA decreased by 18.14%, 20.09%, and 23.01% respectively. 3) The MWD and GMD significantly positively correlated with >5 mm, 5-2 mm, and 2-1 mm soil aggregate percentages, and significantly negatively correlated with < 0.25-mm soil micro-aggregate percentage. The D value and MWSSA significantly positively correlated with < 0.25-mm soil micro-aggregate percentage, and significantly negatively correlated with >5 mm, 5-2 mm, and 2-1 mm soil aggregate percentages. 4) The results of principal component analysis and difference significance test indicated that applying 2.0% and 1.0% banana stem had a better effect in improving soil aggregate stability, and this effect was not significantly different from that of 2.0% rice straw application; however, the application of biochar did not increase the stability of aggregates in the short term. This study provides a reference for effectively utilizing banana stem waste and improving soil fertility.
Key words:Farmland soil/
Soil aggregate stability/
Banana stem/
Biochar/
the Pearl River Delta
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图1添加不同有机物料处理下土壤团聚体平均重量直径(A)和几何平均直径(B)
CK:对照; DC:稻秆; JG:蕉秆; BDC:稻秆生物炭; BJG:蕉秆生物炭。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure1.Mean weight diameter (A) and geometric mean diameter (B) of soil aggregates under different organic materials application treatments
CK: control treatment; DC: rice straw; JG: banana stem; BDC: rice straw biochar; BJG: banana stem biochar. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments at 0.05 level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2添加不同有机物料处理下土壤团聚体分形维数(A)和平均重量比表面积(B)
CK:对照处理; DC:稻秆; JG:蕉秆; BDC:稻秆生物炭; BJG:蕉秆生物炭。不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure2.Fractal dimension (A) and mean weight of specific surface area (B) of soil aggregates under different organic materials application treatments
CK: control treatment; DC: rice straw; JG: banana stem; BDC: rice straw biochar; BJG: banana stem biochar. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different treatments at 0.05 level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1供试蕉秆和稻秆及其生物炭的基本性质
Table1.Basic properties of banana stem, rice straw and their biochars used in the experiment
| 有机物料类型Organic material type | 有机碳Organic carbon (g·kg–1) | 全氮Total N (g·kg–1) | 全磷Total P (g·kg–1) | 全钾Total K (g·kg–1) | pH (H2O) |
| 稻秆Rice straw | 523.2 | 9.56 | 1.10 | 12.83 | 7.02 |
| 蕉秆Banana stem | 471.0 | 16.07 | 2.63 | 60.37 | 4.24 |
| 稻秆生物炭Rice straw biochar | 522.9 | 13.01 | 3.12 | 34.07 | 9.80 |
| 蕉秆生物炭Banana stem biochar | 554.7 | 9.53 | 3.09 | 60.14 | 10.37 |
下载: 导出CSV表2添加不同有机物料处理的土壤团聚体组成
Table2.Composition of soil aggregates under different organic materials application treatments ?
| 有机物料类型 Organic material type | 施用量 Application rate (%) | 土壤团聚体粒径Soil aggregate size (mm) | ||||||
| ≥5 | 5~2 | 2~1 | 1~0.5 | 0.5~0.25 | < 0.25 | ∑ > 0.25 | ||
| 对照Control | 0 | 10.08de | 6.91bcd | 9.15abcd | 18.53a | 13.57a | 41.76cd | 58.24cd |
| 稻秆 Rice straw | 0.5 | 12.51cd | 6.42bcd | 8.35abcd | 18.54a | 13.05a | 41.13cd | 58.87cd |
| 1.0 | 11.98cd | 6.00cd | 8.08bcd | 18.91a | 13.53a | 41.50cd | 58.5cd | |
| 2.0 | 18.76a | 8.85abcd | 10.37a | 18.68a | 13.54a | 29.80f | 70.2a | |
| 蕉秆 Banana stalk | 0.5 | 11.26cd | 8.39abcd | 10.20a | 20.08a | 13.35a | 36.72de | 63.28bc |
| 1.0 | 14.52bc | 10.67a | 10.24a | 18.76a | 13.55a | 32.26ef | 67.74ab | |
| 2.0 | 18.12ab | 9.50ab | 9.66abc | 18.19a | 12.92a | 31.61ef | 68.39ab | |
| 稻秆生物炭 Rice straw biochar | 0.5 | 4.86f | 7.48bcd | 9.67abc | 18.56a | 13.54a | 45.89bc | 54.11de |
| 1.0 | 6.83ef | 5.96cd | 7.76cd | 18.44a | 13.46a | 47.55ab | 52.45ef | |
| 2.0 | 4.44f | 7.11bcd | 9.13abcd | 19.37a | 13.74a | 46.21bc | 53.79de | |
| 蕉秆生物炭 Banana stalk biochar | 0.5 | 4.72f | 8.99abc | 9.90ab | 19.46a | 14.12a | 42.81bc | 57.19de |
| 1.0 | 2.94f | 5.68d | 7.48d | 18.16a | 13.22a | 52.52a | 47.48f | |
| 2.0 | 4.04f | 6.62bc | 7.82bcd | 18.84a | 15.32a | 47.36ab | 52.64df | |
| 同列不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences among different treatments at 0.05 level. | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表3各级土壤团聚体所占比例与稳定性评价指标的相关系数
Table3.Correlation coefficient between percentages of soil aggregates and stability evaluation index
| 团聚体稳定性指标 Evaluation index of soil aggregate stability | 土壤团聚体粒径Soil aggregate size (mm) | ||||||
| ≥5 | 5~2 | 2~1 | 1~0.5 | 0.5~0.25 | < 0.25 | ||
| 平均重量直径Mean weight diameter | 0.988** | 0.658* | 0.596* | -0.068 | -0.442 | -0.967** | |
| 几何平均直径Geometric mean diameter | 0.960** | 0.742** | 0.672* | -0.041 | -0.384 | -0.982** | |
| 分形维数Fraction dimension | -0.909** | -0.830** | -0.786** | -0.091 | 0.342 | 0.993** | |
| 平均重量比表面积Mean weight of specific surface area | -0.939** | -0.783** | -0.745** | -0.081 | 0.341 | 0.999** | |
| *和**表示在0.05和0.01水平(双侧)显著相关。* and ** mean significant correlations at 0.05 and 0.01 levels (2-tailed), respectively. | |||||||
下载: 导出CSV表4主成分分析的得分系数、特征值和方差贡献率
Table4.Calculation coefficient, eigenvalues and contribution rate of principal component analysis
| 主成分 Principal component | X1 | X2 | X3 | X4 | X5 | 特征值 Eigenvalues | 方差贡献率 Contribution rate (%) | 累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution (%) |
| F | 0.984 | 0.995 | –0.992 | –0.998 | 0.995 | 4.928 | 98.56 | 98.56 |
| X1:平均重量直径; X2:几何平均直径; X3:分形维数; X4:平均重量比表面积; X5: > 0.25 mm团聚体总量的百分比。X1: mean weight diameter; X2: geometric mean diameter; X3: fraction dimension; X4: mean weight of specific surface area; X5: percentage of > 0.25 mm aggregates. | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表5不同有机物料处理综合效果分析
Table5.Comprehensive effect analysis of different organic materials application treatments
| 有机物料类型 Organic material type | 施用量 Application rate (%) | 综合得分 Composite score | 综合得分排名 Rank of composite scores |
| 对照Control | 0 | -0.77 | 7 |
| 稻秆 Rice straw | 0.5 | 0.54 | 5 |
| 1.0 | -0.03 | 6 | |
| 2.0 | 8.41 | 1 | |
| 蕉秆 Banana stem | 0.5 | 2.81 | 4 |
| 1.0 | 6.35 | 3 | |
| 2.0 | 7.40 | 2 | |
| 稻秆生物炭 Rice straw biochar | 0.5 | -3.25 | 9 |
| 1.0 | -4.08 | 11 | |
| 2.0 | -3.78 | 10 | |
| 蕉秆生物炭 Banana stem biochar | 0.5 | -1.86 | 8 |
| 1.0 | -7.07 | 13 | |
| 2.0 | -4.67 | 12 |
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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