孔艳艳,
罗坤,
李媛,
赵惠燕,
西北农林科技大学植物保护学院 杨凌 712100
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目39970112
国家自然科学基金项目20470268
高校博士点基金20130204110004
陕西省科技厅国际合作项目2012
详细信息
作者简介:舒启豪, 主要从事农业昆虫与害虫防治研究。E-mail:2424861687@qq.com
通讯作者:赵惠燕, 主要研究方向为昆虫生态与害虫综合治理。E-mail:zhaohy@nwsuaf.edu.cn
中图分类号:S435.122.2计量
文章访问数:428
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2019-04-26
录用日期:2019-07-24
刊出日期:2019-11-01
Cadmium transfer in the ecosystem of soil-wheat-aphid under dual stress of cadmium and drought
SHU Qihao,KONG Yanyan,
LUO Kun,
LI Yuan,
ZHAO Huiyan,
College of Plant Protection, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China39970112
National Natural Science Foundation of China20470268
Doctoral Foundation of Colleges and Universities of China20130204110004
International Cooperation Project of Shaanxi Science and Technology Department2012
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Corresponding author:Corresponding author. E-mail:zhaohy@nwsuaf.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:为探究干旱和重金属双重胁迫对土壤-小麦-蚜虫系统内Cd转移规律的影响，为小麦蚜虫的生态调节提供理论依据，本研究以麦长管蚜[Sitobion avenae（Fabricius）]为研究对象，用原子吸收分光光度法分别测定不同土壤Cd含量（100 mg·kg-1、200 mg·kg-1）及不同程度干旱胁迫（无胁迫、中度胁迫、重度胁迫）处理下小麦根茎叶及蚜虫体内的Cd含量。结果表明：土壤Cd含量及干旱单一胁迫均对小麦及蚜虫体内的Cd含量造成了显著影响（P < 0.05）。两者交互作用对小麦根部及叶部的Cd含量影响显著，而对小麦茎部及蚜虫体内Cd含量影响不显著。在相同胁迫条件下，Cd在小麦中的积累分布为根>茎>叶。随着干旱胁迫程度增大，小麦根部Cd含量及土壤-根转移系数降低，茎部Cd含量及根-茎转移系数升高，麦长管蚜Cd含量在土壤Cd含量100 mg·kg-1下高于土壤Cd含量200 mg·kg-1；中度干旱胁迫增加了麦长管蚜体内Cd累积量，而重度干旱胁迫则降低了其体内Cd累积量。叶-蚜虫的Cd转移系数明显大于土壤-根、根-茎和茎-叶转移系数且大于1，说明Cd在麦长管蚜体内产生了生物富集作用。综上所述，干旱胁迫促进了Cd从土壤向小麦茎部转移和根部Cd累积，但抑制了Cd从根部到茎部转移和茎部Cd累积；中度干旱胁迫促进了麦长管蚜体内Cd的积累，而重度干旱胁迫抑制了麦长管蚜体内Cd的积累。
关键词:干旱/
Cd污染/
双重胁迫/
小麦/
麦长管蚜/
土壤-小麦-蚜虫系统
Abstract:There have been several reports regarding the effects of both drought and heavy metals on aphids. However, although aphids often experience dual stresses and even multiple stresses, such as a combination of heavy metals, drought, and other stress factors, in the natural environment, there have been few reports on dual or multiple stresses. To explore the effects of dual stresses from drought and heavy metal on the Cd transfer in the soil-wheat-aphid system, this study took Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) as the research object and used an atomic absorption spectrophotometer to measure the Cd contents of S. avenae and of the roots and leaves of wheat following treatment with different soil contents of heavy metals (100 and 200 mg·kg-1) and exposure to different degrees of drought stress (well-watered, moderate drought stress and severe drought stress). The results revealed that both soil Cd content and drought stress had significant effects on the Cd contents of both wheat and aphids (P < 0.05). The interactive effect of soil Cd content and drought stress was significant (P < 0.05) on Cd content of wheat roots and leaves, but it was not significant (P > 0.05) on Cd content of wheat stems and aphids. Cd accumulation in wheat was in the order of root > stem > leaves, under the same stress conditions. As drought stress increased, the Cd content of wheat roots and the Cd transfer coefficient from soil to roots gradually decreased, and the stem Cd content and transfer coefficient from roots to stems gradually increased. In S. avenae, the Cd content under 100 mg·kg-1 soil Cd content was higher than that under 200 mg·kg-1. Moderate drought stress increased Cd accumulation in the bodies of the aphids, whereas severe drought stress reduced the Cd accumulation. The Cd transfer coefficient from leaf to aphid was >1, and significantly larger than that from soil to root and that from root to stem and stem to leaf, indicating biomagnification of Cd in the aphids. In summary, drought stress promotes the transfer of Cd from soil to stems of wheat and its accumulation in roots, but it inhibits the transfer of Cd from root to stem and its accumulation in stem. Moderate drought stress promotes Cd accumulation in S. avenae, whereas severe drought stress inhibits Cd accumulation in aphid.
Key words:Drought stress/
Cd pollution/
Dual stress/
Wheat/
Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)/
Soil-wheat-aphid ecosystem
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图1Cd与干旱双重胁迫下小麦根(A)、茎(B)、叶(C)及蚜虫体内(D)Cd含量
不同小写字母和大写字母分别表示土壤Cd含量为100 mgkg−1和200 mgkg−1时不同干旱胁迫处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。**表示同一干旱胁迫处理下不同土壤Cd含量处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure1.Cd contents in root (A), stem (B), leaf (C) of wheat and aphid (D) under the dual stress of Cd and drought
Different lowercase letters and capital letters indicate significant differences among different drought stress treatments in the 100 mgkg−1 and 200 mgkg−1 soil Cd contents, respectively (P < 0.05). ** indicate significant difference between two Cd concentrations under the same drought stress (P < 0.05).
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1干旱与Cd双重胁迫下Cd在土壤-根-茎-叶-蚜虫系统上的转移系数
Table1.Transfer coefficients of Cd between the soil-root-stem-leaf-aphid system under the dual stress of Cd and drought
| 土壤Cd含量Soil Cd content (mgkg?1) | 干旱胁迫程度Drought stress level | 土壤-根Soil-root | 根-茎Root-stem | 茎-叶Stem-leaf | 叶-蚜虫Leaf-aphid |
| 100 | 正常Well-watered | 0.28 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 11.65 |
| 中度Moderate | 0.22 | 0.32 | 0.34 | 16.47 | |
| 重度Severe | 0.16 | 0.69 | 0.26 | 10.40 | |
| 200 | 正常Well-watered | 0.27 | 0.38 | 0.32 | 4.14 |
| 中度Moderate | 0.25 | 0.47 | 0.07 | 17.48 | |
| 重度Severe | 0.17 | 0.91 | 0.12 | 4.66 |
下载: 导出CSV表2干旱与Cd双重胁迫下小麦根茎叶及蚜虫体内Cd含量主体间效应检验
Table2.Tests of between-subjects effect on the Cd contents of root, stem, leaf of wheat and aphid under the dual stress of Cd and drought stress
| 因变量Dependent variable | 源Source | 偏差平方和Sum of squared deviation | 自由度df | F | P |
| 根Root | 土壤Cd含量Soil Cd content (Cd) | 2 477.560 | 1 | 13.745 | 0.000 |
| 干旱胁迫Drought stress (D) | 864.789 | 2 | 28.856 | 0.000 | |
| Cd x D | 97.240 | 2 | 13.865 | 0.009 | |
| 误差Error | 80.261 | 12 | 1 152.942 | ||
| 总计Total | 24 305.839 | 18 | 74.316 | ||
| 茎Stem | 土壤Cd含量Soil Cd content (Cd) | 1 152.942 | 1 | 15.165 | 0.000 |
| 干旱胁迫Drought stress (D) | 148.633 | 2 | 3.958 | 0.000 | |
| Cd x D | 30.330 | 2 | 291.276 | 0.052 | |
| 误差Error | 47.499 | 12 | 18.775 | ||
| 总计Total | 6 411.245 | 18 | 3.831 | ||
| 叶Leaf | 土壤Cd含量Soil Cd content (Cd) | 5.974 | 1 | 13.745 | 0.003 |
| 干旱胁迫Drought stress (D) | 25.083 | 2 | 28.856 | 0.000 | |
| Cd x D | 12.052 | 2 | 13.865 | 0.001 | |
| 误差Error | 5.215 | 12 | |||
| 总计Total | 264.754 | 18 | |||
| 蚜虫Aphid | 土壤Cd含量Soil Cd content (Cd) | 631.450 | 1 | 18.628 | 0.001 |
| 干旱胁迫Drought stress (D) | 414.492 | 2 | 6.114 | 0.015 | |
| Cd x D | 0.768 | 2 | 0.011 | 0.989 | |
| 误差Error | 406.772 | 12 | |||
| 总计Total | 18 206.704 | 18 |
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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