魏圆云^{1, 2,},
崔丽娟¹,
张曼胤^{1, 2,,},
刘魏魏^{1, 2},
王大安^{1, 2},
杨思^{1, 2},
肖红叶^{1, 2}
1.中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所/湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室 北京 100091
2.河北衡水湖湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站 衡水 053000
基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项CAFBB2017QA041

详细信息

作者简介:魏圆云, 主要研究方向为土壤碳循环。E-mail:weiyy40@126.com

通讯作者:张曼胤, 主要研究方向为湿地生态学。E-mail:cneco@126.com

中图分类号:S154.1

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出版历程

收稿日期:2019-03-22
录用日期:2019-06-21
刊出日期:2019-10-01

Effects of exogenous carbon input on soil organic carbon mineralization and temperature sensitivity of cropland and wetland in the North China Plain

WEI Yuanyun^{1, 2,},
CUI Lijuan¹,
ZHANG Manyin^{1, 2,,},
LIU Weiwei^{1, 2},
WANG Da'an^{1, 2},
YANG Si^{1, 2},
XIAO Hongye^{1, 2}
1. Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration, Beijing 100091, China
2. National Ecosystem Research Station of Hengshui Wetland, Hengshui 053000, China
Funds: the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund of ChinaCAFBB2017QA041

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Corresponding author:ZHANG Manyin, E-mail:cneco@126.com

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摘要
摘要:研究外源碳输入和气候变暖对土壤有机碳矿化的影响，对于深入理解土壤有机碳的稳定和积累机制以及其对全球变化的响应具有重要意义。通过为期35 d的室内培养试验，利用¹³C稳定同位素标记技术，研究了华北平原典型农田和湿地土壤在15℃和25℃下的土壤有机碳矿化及激发效应。结果表明，土地利用类型（农田/湿地）、温度（15℃/25℃）和葡萄糖添加[0.4 mg（C）?g^-1]对土壤有机碳矿化均具有显著影响。在相同培养温度下，未添加葡萄糖的农田和湿地土壤有机碳矿化无显著差异，而添加葡萄糖处理下农田土壤有机碳矿化显著高于湿地土壤。除湿地土壤在15℃下培养外，添加葡萄糖显著促进了农田和湿地土壤有机碳矿化，农田土壤有机碳矿化的激发效应显著高于湿地土壤。温度升高显著促进了农田和湿地土壤有机碳矿化，培养过程中土壤有机碳矿化温度敏感性Q₁₀为1.2~1.6，土地利用类型和葡萄糖添加对土壤有机碳矿化温度敏感性的影响都不显著。在温度升高和外源碳输入的共同作用下，农田土壤有机碳矿化显著高于湿地土壤。
Abstract:The influences of exogenous carbon input and climate warming are two key factors of soil organic carbon mineralization. Based on a ¹³C stable isotope labelling technique, we conducted a laboratory incubation experiment to investigate the priming effect and temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon mineralization of cropland and wetland in the North China Plain to understand and forecast soil carbon dynamics under global climatic change. Topsoil collected from cropland and wetland of Hengshui region were with or without ¹³C-labeled glucose[0.4 mg(C)?g^-1] at two temperature (15℃ and 25℃) for 35 days. Soil CO₂ emission and its ¹³C isotopic composition was measured at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 and 35. Our results suggested that the soil organic carbon mineralization was significantly influenced by land use type, temperature, and glucose addition. The soil organic carbon mineralization of the cropland was approximately equal to that of the wetland without glucose addition but it was significantly higher than that of wetland with glucose addition at the same temperature. Except the wetland soil cultured at 15℃, glucose addition exerted a significantly positive priming effect on soil organic carbon mineralization in wetland and cropland soil. However, the priming effect of the cropland was significantly higher than that of wetland. Soil organic carbon mineralization was also accelerated by increased temperature, and the Q₁₀ value of its temperature sensitivity fluctuated between 1.2 and 1.6 during incubation. The temperature sensitivities of soil organic carbon mineralization were not significantly changed by different land use types and glucose addition. In conclusion, the soil organic carbon mineralization of the cropland was significantly higher than that of wetland under warming conditions and exogenous carbon input.

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图1外源碳添加和培养温度对农田和湿地土壤累积碳矿化量动态的影响
25℃-CK: 25 ℃下培养未添加葡萄糖; 25℃-G+: 25 ℃下培养添加葡萄糖; 15℃-CK: 15 ℃下培养未添加葡萄糖; 15℃-G+: 15 ℃下培养添加葡萄糖。
Figure1.Dynamics of accumulated soil organic carbon mineralization of cropland and wetland soils with exogenous carbon addition at different incubation temperatures
25℃-CK: incubation at 25 ℃ without glucose addition; 25℃-G+: incubation at 25 ℃ with glucose addition; 15℃-CK: incubation at 15 ℃ without glucose addition; 15℃-G+, incubation at 15 ℃ with glucose addition.


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图2外源碳添加和不同培养温度处理下农田和湿地土壤累积CO₂释放量中源于土壤有机碳和葡萄糖的组分
不同大写字母表示不同土地利用型的不同处理间土壤有机碳累积CO₂释放量差异显著(P < 0.05), 不同小写字母表示不同土地利用型的不同处理间葡萄糖累积CO₂释放量差异显著(P < 0.05)。W-25℃-CK:湿地土壤25 ℃下培养未添加葡萄糖; W-25-G+:湿地土壤25 ℃下培养添加葡萄糖; W-15℃-CK:湿地土壤15 ℃下培养未添加葡萄糖; W-15℃-G+:湿地土壤15 ℃下培养添加葡萄糖; C-25℃-CK:农田土壤25 ℃下培养未添加葡萄糖; C-25℃-G+:农田土壤25 ℃下培养添加葡萄糖; C-15℃-CK:农田土壤15 ℃下培养未添加葡萄糖; C-15℃-G+:农田土壤15 ℃下培养添加葡萄糖。
Figure2.Amounts of accumulated CO₂ emission from soil organic carbon and glucose of cropland and wetland soils with exogenous carbon addition at different incubation temperatures
Different capital letters mean significant differences in CO₂ emissions from soil organic carbon at 0.05 level. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences in CO₂ emissions from glucose at 0.05 level. W-25℃-CK: wetland soil at 25 ℃ without glucose addition; W-25℃-G+: wetland soil at 25 ℃ with glucose addition; W-15℃-CK: wetland soil at 15 ℃ without glucose addition; W-15℃-G+: wetland soil at 15 ℃ with glucose addition; C-25℃-CK: cropland soil at 25 ℃ without glucose addition; C-25℃-G+: cropland soil at 25 ℃ with glucose addition; C-15℃-CK: cropland soil at 15 ℃ without glucose addition; C-15℃-G+: cropland soil at 15 ℃ with glucose addition.


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图3不同培养温度下农田和湿地累积土壤有机碳矿化激发效应动态
W-25℃:湿地土壤25 ℃下培养; W-15 ℃:湿地土壤15 ℃下培养; C-25℃:农田土壤25 ℃下培养; C-15℃:农田土壤15 ℃下培养。
Figure3.Dynamics of priming effect of soil organic carbon mineralization of cropland and wetland under at different incubation temperatures
W-25℃: wetland soil at 25 ℃; W-15℃: wetland soil at 15 ℃; C-25℃: cropland soil at 25 ℃; C-15℃: cropland soil at 15 ℃.


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图4培养35 d后不同培养温度下农田和湿地的累积土壤有机碳矿化相对激发效应
W-25℃:湿地土壤25 ℃下培养; W-15 ℃:湿地土壤15 ℃下培养; C-25℃:农田土壤25 ℃下培养; C-15℃:农田土壤15 ℃下培养。
Figure4.Relative priming effects of soil organic carbon mineralization of cropland and wetland under different incubation temperatures for 35 days at different temperatures
W-25℃: wetland soil at 25 ℃; W-15℃: wetland soil at 15 ℃; C-25℃: cropland soil at 25 ℃; C-15℃: cropland soil at 15 ℃.


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图5外源碳添加对农田和湿地土壤有机碳矿化温度敏感性(Q₁₀)动态变化的影响
W-CK:湿地土壤未添加葡萄糖; W-G+:湿地土壤添加葡萄糖; C-CK:农田土壤未添加葡萄糖; C-G+:农田土壤添加葡萄糖。
Figure5.Dynamics of temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) of soil organic carbon mineralization of cropland and wetland under addition of glucose
W-CK: wetland soil incubation without glucose addition; W-G+: wetland soil incubation with glucose addition; C-CK: cropland soil incubation without glucose addition; C-G+: cropland soil incubation with glucose addition.


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表1供试农田和湿地土壤基本理化性质
Table1.General physical and chemical characters of the tested cropland and wetland soils

土地利用类型 Land use type	土壤有机碳 Soil organic carbon (mg?g-1)	总氮 Total nitrogen (mg?g-1)	总磷 Total phosphorus (mg?g-1)	δ13C (‰)	C/N	持水能力 Water holding capacity (%)
农田Cropland	21.15±0.22a	1.31±0.05a	0.46±0.04a	20.66±0.34b	16.22±0.44b	37.81±1.73b
湿地Wetland	24.71±2.95a	1.28±0.13a	0.27±0.05b	25.94±0.17a	19.32±0.44a	46.88±3.14a
不同小写字母表示不同土地利用方式间差异显著(P < 0.05)。Different lowercase letters mean significant differences between two land use types at 0.05 level.

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表2土地利用类型、培养温度、葡萄糖添加对累积土壤碳矿化量的影响及交互作用
Table2.Effects of land use type, temperature, glucose addition and their interactions on the accumulated soil organic carbon mineralization

差异来源Source	df	F	P
土地利用类型Land use type (L)	1, 24	35.32	< 0.001
温度Temperature (T)	1, 24	102.04	< 0.001
葡萄糖添加Glucose addition (G)	1, 24	64.97	< 0.001
L × T	1, 24	1.04	0.317
L × G	1, 24	13.09	0.002
T × G	1, 24	0.41	0.527
L × T × G	1, 24	0.07	0.796

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表3土地利用类型、葡萄糖添加和培养时间对土壤碳矿化温度敏感性的影响及交互作用
Table3.Effects of land use type, glucose addition, incubation time and their interactions on soil organic carbon mineralization temperature sensitivity

差异来源Source	df	F	P	adj. Pr > F (G-G)
土地利用类型 Land use type (L)	1, 12	0.00	0.951	—
葡萄糖添加 Glucose addition (G)	1, 12	3.76	0.076	—
培养时间 Incubation time (T)	8, 96	5.28	< 0.001	0.002
L × G	1, 12	0.41	0.534	—
L × T	8, 96	2.79	0.008	0.039
G × T	8, 96	1.36	0.224	0.264
L × G × T	8, 96	0.24	0.981	0.903

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表4土壤碳矿化温度敏感性时间变化趋势的正交多项式
Table4.Orthogonal polynomials of the temporal dynamics of soil organic carbon mineralization temperature sensitivity

阶次 Order (r)	差异来源 Source	df	F	P
1	平均值Average (A)	1, 12	13.07	0.004
	土地利用类型 Land use type (L)	1, 12	5.20	0.041
	葡萄糖添加 Glucose addition (G)	1, 12	2.04	0.178
2	A	1, 12	31.81	< 0.001
	L	1, 12	14.88	0.002
	G	1, 12	4.51	0.055
3	A	1, 12	0.00	0.996
	L	1, 12	0.17	0.684
	G	1, 12	1.27	0.282
4	A	1, 12	0.71	0.417
	L	1, 12	0.78	0.394
	G	1, 12	0.00	0.986
5	A	1, 12	0.91	0.359
	L	1, 12	0.42	0.528
	G	1, 12	0.03	0.869

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