关键词:水稻; 蜡质基因; 四引物扩增受阻突变体系; 直链淀粉含量; 稻米食味品质改良 Development of PCR Functional Markers for Multiple Alleles of Wx and Their Application in Rice MAO Ting1,2, LI Xu2, LI Zhen-Yu2,*, XU Zheng-Jin1,* 1Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
2Liaoning Province Saline and Alkaline Land Utilization and Research Institute, Panjin 124010, China
Fund:This study was supported by the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province (2015035, 2015036) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (31371587, 31430062) AbstractAmylose content (AC) is one of the most important factors impacting rice eating quality, which was mainly determined by Wx locus. Multiple alleles, such as Wxa, Wxb, Wxin, and Wxmw contribute to the variation of AC in rice varieties. Selecting rice varieties with low-medium AC through Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is an important way to improve rice eating quality. However, distinguishing the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) of Wx alleles requires the DNA sequencing or restriction enzyme digestion, which is time consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, we developed effective MAS markers by tetra-primer ARMS-PCR technology utilizing functional SNPs corresponding to the different alleles, moreover we put forward corresponding solving schemes on low amplification efficiency and inaccuracy extension through adjusting the location of deliberate mismatch bases introduced. We easily differentiated the multiple alleles of Wx utilizing the markers Waxygt-ARMS2 and Waxyac-ARMS2, showing that these markers have significant application value with the features of rapid operation and low cost. We further analyzed the genotype distribution of Wx allele in Liaoning Province rice varieties, and found all of the forty tested varieties carried the Wxb allele with a narrow genetic diversity. The results of this study could provide theoretical basis and technical support on both new rice varieties breeding and rice eating quality improvement utilizing Wx alleles corresponding to low-medium AC by MAS in Liaoning Province.
Keyword:Rice; Wx; Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR; Amylose content; Rice eating quality improvement Show Figures Show Figures
图1 引物设计策略 A为SNP1引物设计策略, B为SNP2引物设计策略, 功能性SNP多态性位点用红色表示, 添加底纹背景的碱基表示引物结合位点, 绿色实线箭头表示引物扩增方向, 红色虚线箭头表示不能有效扩增。Fig. 1 Strategy of primer design A:design strategies for SNP1; B:design strategies for SNP2, functional SNPs are shown in red, gray background shows primers’ binding site, the green full arrows indicate the primers’ amplification direction, the red short dash arrows indicate the primer could not amplify effectively.
1.4 DNA提取、PCR扩增及电泳检测全基因组DNA选用全式金生物技术有限公司的植物DNA提取试剂盒提取(具体操作按照产品说明)。 20 μ L PCR体系包括:DNA 0.5 μ L (50 ng μ L-1), Primer 2.0 μ L (4 pmol μ L-1, 内外引物浓度比为1.5∶ 1.0), 2 × PCR Master Mix 10.0 μ L (带染料, 北京康为世纪生物科技有限公司), ddH2O 7.5 μ L。 反应程序为:95℃预变性5 min; 然后95℃变性30 s、56℃复性30 s (表2)、72℃延伸30 s, 30次循环; 72℃延伸10 min; 4℃冷却10 min后, 反应产物在3%或5%琼脂糖凝胶上100 V电泳1 h; 经溴化乙锭(ethidium bromide, EB)染色后于凝胶成像系统下观察, 记录。 表2 Table 2 表2(Table 2)
表2 设计引物基本信息 Table 2 Molecular markers desigaed in this study
表2 设计引物基本信息 Table 2 Molecular markers desigaed in this study
图2 候选标记在不同退火温度下的表现 M为marker 2000。A为Waxygt-ARMS1在不同退火温度下的表现, 在每一退火温度组, 前泳道为秋光, 后泳道为特青, B为Waxyac-ARMS1在不同退火温度下的表现, 在每一退火温度组, 前泳道为魔王谷, 后泳道为秋光, C为Waxygt-ARMS2在不同退火温度下的表现, 在每一退火温度组, 前泳道为秋光, 后泳道为特青, D为Waxyac-ARMS2在不同退火温度下的表现, 在每一退火温度组, 前泳道为魔王谷, 后泳道为秋光。Fig. 2 Molecular detections on the control varieties between different annealing temperatures M indicates marker 2000. A:PCR product on different annealing temperature (° C) using the Waxygt-ARMS1 marker, on every groups of annealing temperatures, the former lane is ‘ Akihikari’ , later lane is ‘ Teqing’ . B:PCR product on different annealing temperature (° C) using the Waxyac-ARMS1 marker, on every groups of annealing temperatures, the former lane is ‘ Mowanggu’ , later lane is ‘ Akihikari’ . C:PCR product on different annealing temperature (° C) using the Waxygt-ARMS2 marker, on every groups of annealing temperatures, the former lane is ‘ Akihikari’ , later lane is ‘ Teqing’ . D:PCR product on different annealing temperature (° C) using the Waxyac-ARMS2 marker, on every groups of annealing temperatures, the former lane is ‘ Mowanggu’ , later lane is ‘ Akihikari’ .
图3 利用Waxygt-ARMS2和Waxyac-ARMS2对对照品种进行基因型分析 M为marker 2000。A为利用Waxygt-ARMS标记分析结果, B为利用Waxyac-ARMS标记分析结果; 5条泳道由左至右分别为marker 2000、魔王谷、IR 64、秋光和特青。Fig. 3 Genotype analysis on control varieties utilizing Waxygt-ARMS2and Waxyac-ARMS2 M indicates marker 2000. A:PCR product of Waxygt-ARMS2 marker. B:PCR product of Waxyac-ARMS2 marker. Lanes from left to right are marker 2000, Mowanggu, IR64, Akihikari, and Teqing.
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