关键词:普通小麦; 类胡萝卜素组分; 超高效液相色谱 Establishment of Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) Protocol for Analyzing Carotenoids in Common Wheat LI Wen-Shuang1, XIA Xian-Chun1, HE Zhong-Hu1,2,* 1Institute of Crop Science / National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
2CIMMYT-China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing 100081, China
Fund:This study was supported by the Program of Introducing International Super Agricultural Science and Technology [2011-G(3)4] and Ministry of Science and Technology (2013DFG30530) AbstractCarotenoids is an important criterion in the assessment of color and nutritional qualities of end-use products in common wheat. In this study, grain powders of Zhongmai 175 (soft wheat) and Zhongyou 206 (hard wheat) were used as samples to develop an optimal procedure for extraction and separation of carotenoids compositions extracted from flours using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The most effective extraction of carotenoids extraction was obtained using the solvent system of N-hexane; acetone of 80:20 (v/v, 0.1% BHT w/v) under the oscillation condition of 300 r min-1, 35ºC, and 1 h. The separation was conducted using YMC C30 Carotenoid column (100.0 mm × 4.6 mm, 3 µm) with photodiode array (PDA) detector, and the column was thermostated at 35°C. Under a gradient system consisting of acetonitrile:methanol:water:triethylamine (81:14:5:0.05, v/v/v/v) (A) and methanol: ethylacetate:triethylamine (68:32:0.05, v/v/v) (B) at a constant flow rate of 0.4 mL min-1, the carotenoids of common wheat flour samples can be well separated in less than 25 min. Carotenoids were detected at 450 nm. All the present results provided useful information for carotenoids compositions and quality improvement.
表1 不同提取液提取小麦样品叶黄素含量比较 Table 1 Lutein contents in samples using different solvents
溶剂成分 Solvent component
比例 Ratio (v/v)
中麦175 Zhongma 175
中优206 Zhongyou 206
正己烷∶ 丙酮 n-Hexane:acetone
80:20
61.6± 1.5 a
75.3± 1.9 a
丙酮∶ 甲醇 Acetone:methanol
70:30
60.2± 2.2 a
76.7± 1.9 a
丙酮∶ 石油醚 Acetone:petroleum ether
50:50
57.8± 3.3 a
71.2± 4.1 a
甲醇∶ 四氢呋喃 Methanol:tetrahydrofuran
50:50
56.8± 1.2 a
70.9± 4.1 a
甲醇∶ 二氯甲烷 Methanol:dichloromethane
45:55
32.5± 2.1 b
40.6± 8.3 b
Data (μ g in 100 g flour) are the means ± SD of two replicates. Different letters after SD indicate significant difference among solvents (P < 0.05). 数据2次重复的平均值± 标准差, 以100 g面粉中叶黄素的质量(μ g)为单位。标准差后不同小写字母表示不同提取液间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。
表1 不同提取液提取小麦样品叶黄素含量比较 Table 1 Lutein contents in samples using different solvents
表2 不同提取方法提取小麦样品叶黄素含量比较 Table 2 Lutein contents in samples using different methods
方法 Method
参数 Parameter
中麦175 Zhongmai 175
中优206 Zhongyou 206
超声法 Sonication
100 Hz, 1 h, 20℃
48.6± 0.6 a
70.0± 0.9 b
恒温振荡法 Oscillation
300 r min-1, 1 h, 35℃
55.4± 4.2 a
77.2± 1.6 a
Data (μ g in 100 g flour) are the means ± SD of two replicates. Different letters followed SD indicate significant difference between methods (P < 0.05). 数据2次重复的平均值± 标准差, 以100 g面粉中叶黄素的质量(μ g)为单位。标准差后不同小写字母表示两种方法之间有显著差异(P < 0.05)。
表2 不同提取方法提取小麦样品叶黄素含量比较 Table 2 Lutein contents in samples using different methods
图2 连续5次进标准样品峰形图A: 堆栈图; B:叠加图。Fig. 2 Consecutive UPLC separations of carotenoids standards in calibration curves with optimized conditionsA: consecutive runs of five carotenoids standards; B: overlapping of five carotenoids standards in consecutive runs.
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