关键词:454测序; 高通量测序; 旱地土壤; 微生物多样性; 种植制度 Effect of Cropping Systems on Microbial Diversity in Black Loessial Soil Tested by 454 Sequencing Technology CAI Yan1,2, HAO Ming-De1,3,*, ZHANG Li-Qiong1, ZANG Yi-Fei1, HE Xiao-Yan1 1 College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
2 College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
3 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
AbstractIt has important significance on optimizing dryland cropping systems, mining the soil potential fertility and achieving the sustainable use of soil resources that we study the influence of cropping systems on soil microbial diversity in typical arid areas. In the long-term experiment lasted 27 years, we analyzed the diversity changes of bacteria and fungi in black loessial soil under different cropping systems in Loess Plateau using 454 sequencing technology. The results showed that bacterial diversity showed wheat-pea rotation>continuous wheat>fallow land>continuous alfalfa, and fungal diversity showed continuous wheat≈continuous alfalfa>fallow land>wheat-pea rotation under low nutritional stress with no fertilization. In the conditions of application of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer, microbial diversity generally showed an decreasing and then increasing trend in long-period rotation of wheat-alfalfa (alfalfa→alfalfa→alfalfa→alfalfa→potato→wheat→wheat→wheat, eight years as a rotation period); Chao index and Shannon index of the 4th year alfalfa or the 1st year wheat were the lowest, and those of the 2nd year wheat were the maximum, with the bacteria Chao index and fungi Shannon index of 22.0% and 79.2% higher than those of continuous wheat, respectively. Microbial diversity generally showed an increasing trend in short-period rotation of wheat-sainfoin (sainfoin→wheat→wheat, three years as a rotation period), and that of the 2nd year wheat after sainfoin was the maximum, with fungi Chao index and Shannon index of 50.8% and 51.0% higher than that of continuous wheat respectively. Wheat-forage legumes rotation could improve the microbial diversity significantly in Loess dryland areas.
Keyword:The 454 sequencing; High-throughput sequencing; Dry land soil; Microbial diversity; Cropping system Show Figures Show Figures
图2 粮草长周期轮作中不同茬口土壤微生物多样性A1: 第1年苜蓿; A2: 第2年苜蓿; A3: 第3年苜蓿; A4: 第4年苜蓿; P: 马铃薯; AW1: 第1年小麦; AW2: 第2年小麦; AW3: 第3年小麦。Fig. 2 Microbial diversity in different stubble fields in long-period rotation of wheat-alfalfaA1: alfalfa planted in the first year; A2: alfalfa planted in the second year; A3: alfalfa planted in the third year; A4: alfalfa planted in the fourth year; P: potato; AW1: wheat planted in the first year; AW2: wheat planted in the second year; AW3: wheat planted in the third year.
图3 粮草短周期轮作中不同茬口土壤微生物多样性S: 红豆草; SW1: 第1年小麦; SW2: 第2年小麦。Fig. 3 Microbial diversity in different stubble fields in short-period rotation of wheat-sainfoinS: sainfoin; SW1: wheat planted in the first year; SW2: wheat planted in the second year.
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