关键词:甘薯; 单株有效薯块数; 根系特性; 糖组分; 产量 Comparison of Root Characteristics and Sugar Components in Root and Leaf at Early Growth Phase of Sweet Potato Varieties with Significant Difference in Valid Storage Root Number WANG Cui-Juan1, SHI Chun-Yu1,*, LIU Na2, LIU Shuang-Rong1, YU Xin-Di1 1College of Agronomic Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, China
2 Resources of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, China
Fund:This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371577) and the Potato Innovation Program for Chief Expert of Shandong Province (SDAIT-10-011-01) AbstractStarch sweet potato varieties Shangshu 19 and Jixu 23 differing in valid storage root number per plant significantly were used to investigate root characteristics, sugar components in root and leaf at early growth phase and their relationship with the formation of storage root per plant at top cover stage. The results showed that, Shangshu 19 with higher valid storage root number regrew quickly with more new roots after seedling transplanting, developed fiberous roots mainly in the whole early growth phase, and formed a stable rate of top biomass/total root system biomass (T/TR) at 15 and 30 days after planting. Jixu 23 achieved the steady number of adventitious root and valid storage root at 15 and 30 days after planting, respectively. Meanwhile, Jixu 23 showed the lower rate of top biomass/storage root biomass (T/SR) at top cover stage (45 days after planting). On the other hand, in point of metabolism of sucrose and hexoses, and the formation of stored polysaccharide polymers, Shangshu 19 had significantly lower rate of sucrose/hexoses in the whole early growth phase, formed the greater sucrose concentration gradient between leaves and roots, and had 1-kestose and nystose in roots at 15 and 30 days after planting. Its starch content in leaf was significantly lower than that of Jixu 23 at 30 and 45 days after planting. Meanwhile, Jixu 23 only had Nystose in roots before storage root formation, with significantly lowest rate of sucrose/starch when the rate of sucrose/total soluble sugar was similar to that of Shangshu 19 at 45 days after planting. A two-year field trials (2013-2014) were performed to investigate yield-contributing traits and the fresh storage root yield at top cover stage and harvest period, in which, Shangshu19 showed the more valid storage roots per plant, higher valid storage root fresh weight per plant or storage root at top cover stage and harvest period, meanwhile, Jixu23 had significantly higher average fresh weight per storage root.
Keyword:Sweet potato; Valid storage root per plant; Root characteristics; Sugar components; Storage root yield Show Figures Show Figures
表1 封垄期和收获期与产量有关的性状(大田, 2013-2014) Table 1 Yield traits and fresh yield of storage root in field trials at top cover stage and harvest period in 2013-2014
年份 Year
生育时期 Growth stage
品种 Variety
单株有效薯块数 VSRNP
平均单薯鲜重 AFWP (g)
单株有效薯块鲜重 VSRFWP (g)
块根产量 FYSR (kg hm-2)
2013
45 d
商薯19 Shangshu 19
5.67 a
10.46 b
38.58 a
—
济徐23 Jixu 23
3.00 b
16.02 a
31.29 b
—
收获Harvest
商薯19 Shangshu 19
5.00 a
168.13 b
840.63 a
42031.25 a
济徐23 Jixu 23
3.00 b
206.77 a
620.31 b
31015.63 b
2014
45 d
商薯19 Shangshu 19
7.33 a
3.20 b
23.46 a
—
济徐23 Jixu 23
5.00 b
3.97 a
19.83 b
—
收获Harvest
商薯19 Shangshu 19
6.67 a
111.04 b
740.63 a
37031.25 a
济徐23 Jixu 23
4.33 b
127.02 a
550.00 b
27500.00 b
Values in each column followed by different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level. VSRNP: valid storage root number per plant; AFWP: average fresh weight per tube; VSRFWP: valid storage root fresh weight per plant; FYSR: fresh yield of storage root. 同一列中不同小写字母表示数值在0.05的水平上差异显著。
表1 封垄期和收获期与产量有关的性状(大田, 2013-2014) Table 1 Yield traits and fresh yield of storage root in field trials at top cover stage and harvest period in 2013-2014
图1 秧苗栽后15、30和45 d甘薯根系和叶片蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖的含量变化(盆栽, 2014) S19: 商薯19; J23: 济徐23。图柱上标以不同小写字母表示糖含量在0.05水平上差异显著。Fig. 1 Changes of contents of sucrose, glucose and fructose at 15, 30, and 45 days after planting in root and leaf in pot trials in 2014 S19: Shangshu 19; J23: Jixu 23. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level among sugar contents.
图2 秧苗栽后15、30和45 d甘薯根系、叶片淀粉和可溶性总糖的含量变化(盆栽, 2014) S19: 商薯19; J23: 济徐23。图柱上标以不同小写字母表示糖含量在0.05水平上差异显著。Fig. 2 Changes of contents of starch and total soluble sugar in roots and leaves at 15, 30, and 45 days after planting in pot trials in 2014 S19: Shangshu 19; J23: Jixu 23. Bars superscripted by different letters are significantly different at the 0.05 probability level among sugar contents.
表5 秧苗栽后15、30和45 d根系的糖组分比率(盆栽, 2014) Table 5 Changes of content ratio of carbohydrate composition in root at 15, 30, and 45 days after planting in pot trials (2014)
生育时期 Growth stage
品种 Variety
蔗糖/己糖 Sucrose/hexoses
蔗糖/可溶性总糖 Sucrose/total soluble sugar
蔗糖/淀粉 Sucrose/starch
15 d
商薯19 Shangshu 19
0.488± 0.036 b
0.205± 0.033 b
0.201± 0.031 b
济徐23 Jixu 23
1.190± 0.064 a
0.355± 0.024 a
0.249± 0.006 a
30 d
商薯19 Shangshu 19
1.516± 0.104 b
0.434± 0.028 b
0.194± 0.015 b
济徐23 Jixu 23
2.030± 0.066 a
0.527± 0.029 a
0.241± 0.031 a
45 d
商薯19 Shangshu 19
4.539± 0.355 b
0.767± 0.042 a
0.322± 0.016 a
济徐23 Jixu 23
5.231± 0.175 a
0.827± 0.005 a
0.270± 0.009 b
己糖=葡萄糖+果糖。Hexose = glucose +fructose.
表5 秧苗栽后15、30和45 d根系的糖组分比率(盆栽, 2014) Table 5 Changes of content ratio of carbohydrate composition in root at 15, 30, and 45 days after planting in pot trials (2014)
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