关键词:微胚乳超甜超高油玉米; 低温胁迫; 耐寒性; 生理生化特性 Effects of Low Temperature Stress on the Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Cold Tolerance in Micro-endosperm Super Sweet and Super High Oil Maize HAO Xiao-Qin, YAO Peng-He, GAO Zheng-Rong, WU Zi-Kai Agricultural College of Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China Fund: AbstractIn the germination and seedling stages of the maize, five micro-endosperm super sweet and super high oil maize (abbreviation as ME) hybrid combinations, two control materials Gaoyou 115 and Zhengtian 68 were used to study the changes of physiological and biochemical characteristics, such as germination rate, germination energy, relative conductivity, contents of MDA, proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein, chlorophyll, and SOD, POD activities under low temperature stress. At the same time, the identification of cold tolerance of the materials were conducted. Based on the multiple physiological and biochemical parameters, we employed the fuzzy membership function to evaluate the cold tolerance of the experiment materials comprehensively. The results showed that the relative conductivity had a little increase, but the proline content and SOD activity increased largely in ME1, ME2, ME3, and Gaoyou 115, as compared with ME5, ME4 and Zhengtian 68 in the germination stage. It was advised that relative conductivity, proline content and SOD activity could be used to predict cold tolerance of the materials more effectively in germination stage. In the seedling stage, compared with ME5 and Zhengtian 68, the MDA content increased a little and activities of SOD, POD and proline content increased largely in ME2, ME1, and Gaoyou 115. Therefore, we thought that MDA content, proline content, SOD and POD activities can be used to predict the cold tolerance of the experiment materials in seedling stage. Meanwhile, membership function value showed that the cold tolerance of the five ME materials was stronger than that of Zhengtian 68. Among the five ME materials, ME2 showed a strong ability to tolerate low temperature stress in germination and seedling stages, ME1 and ME3 showed moderate tolerance, and ME4 and ME5 showed weak tolerance.
Keyword:Micro-endosperm super sweet and super high oil maize; Low temperature stress; Cold tolerance; Physiological and biochemical characteristics Show Figures Show Figures
表4 发芽期低温胁迫对供试材料SOD和POD活性的影响 Table 4 Effects of low temperature stress on SOD and POD activities of tested materials at germinating stage
供试材料 Tested materials
常温 Normal
胁迫温度Stress temperature
10℃
10℃与常温的比值 Ratio of that at 10℃ to normal
8℃
8℃与常温的比值 Ratio of that at 8℃ to normal
6℃
6℃与常温的比值 Ratio of that at 6℃ to normal
SOD酶活性 SOD activity (U g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
164.20
198.01
1.21 bB
135.68
0.83 abcdAB
87.56
0.53 bBC
微胚乳1 ME1
205.69
274.23
1.33 abAB
180.75
0.88 abAB
151.99
0.74 aA
微胚乳2 ME2
181.61
246.76
1.36 aAB
174.90
0.96 aA
139.09
0.77 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
163.91
229.59
1.40 aAB
140.52
0.86 abcAB
100.67
0.61 bB
微胚乳4 ME4
147.83
209.52
1.42 aA
107.41
0.73 bcdB
78.57
0.53 bBC
微胚乳5 ME5
188.70
250.37
1.33 abAB
134.83
0.72 cdB
70.73
0.42 cCD
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
195.34
251.92
1.29 abAB
131.31
0.67 dB
81.99
0.37 cD
POD酶活性 POD activity (A470 g-1 FW min-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
0.47
0.14
0.29 cdCD
0.18
0.39 bBC
0.14
0.30 bcB
微胚乳1 ME1
1.22
0.31
0.25 dD
0.40
0.33 bC
0.34
0.28 bcB
微胚乳2 ME2
0.84
0.30
0.35 bcBCD
0.56
0.66 aA
0.34
0.40 abcAB
微胚乳3 ME3
0.77
0.24
0.31 cdCD
0.24
0.32 bC
0.38
0.50 aA
微胚乳4 ME4
0.63
0.31
0.49 aA
0.35
0.55 aAB
0.18
0.29 bcB
微胚乳5 ME5
1.06
0.46
0.44 abAB
0.64
0.61 aA
0.45
0.42 abAB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
0.63
0.25
0.40 abABC
0.25
0.39 bBC
0.17
0.27 cB
表中同一列中的不同字母表示差异显著(DPS, 小写字母表示 P<0.05, 大写字母表示 P<0.01)。 Values within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P<0.01 (capital letter) and P<0.05 (small letter).
表4 发芽期低温胁迫对供试材料SOD和POD活性的影响 Table 4 Effects of low temperature stress on SOD and POD activities of tested materials at germinating stage
表5 苗期低温胁迫对供试材料相对电导率和丙二醛含量的影响 Table 5 Effects of low temperature stress on the relative conductivity and MDA content of tested materials at seedling stage
供试材料 Tested materials
低温胁迫时间Time of low temperature stress
0 d
1 d
胁迫1 d与0 d 的比值 Ratio of stress 1 d to 0 d
3 d
胁迫3 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 3 d to 0 d
5 d
胁迫5 d与0 d 的比值 Ratio of stress 5 d to 0 d
相对电导率 Relative conductivity (%)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
6.51
9.36
1.44 abAB
11.69
1.80 cdB
20.17
3.10 bcBC
微胚乳1 ME1
6.68
9.05
1.35 bAB
16.17
2.42 bA
20.29
3.04 bcBC
微胚乳2 ME2
8.44
9.96
1.18 bB
12.32
1.46 cdB
18.98
2.25 cC
微胚乳3 ME3
9.44
13.12
1.39 bAB
22.32
2.36 bA
24.78
2.63 bcC
微胚乳4 ME4
10.25
11.94
1.17 bB
14.66
1.43 dB
34.62
3.38 bABC
微胚乳5 ME5
13.77
16.74
1.22 bB
25.21
1.83 cB
59.69
4.34 aAB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
6.12
10.59
1.73 aA
17.64
2.88 aA
27.52
4.49 aA
丙二醛含量 MDA content (μmol g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou115
3.84
5.10
1.33 bA
7.14
1.86 cdBC
11.97
3.11 dC
微胚乳1 ME1
3.38
4.90
1.45 abA
6.91
2.05 abAB
10.92
3.24 cdC
微胚乳2 ME2
3.78
4.96
1.31 bA
6.75
1.79 dC
11.70
3.10 dC
微胚乳3 ME3
3.73
5.00
1.34 bA
7.35
1.97 bcABC
12.30
3.30 cC
微胚乳4 ME4
3.56
4.69
1.32 bA
7.07
1.99 bcABC
11.69
3.28 cC
微胚乳5 ME5
3.98
5.73
1.44 abA
8.14
2.05 abAB
13.93
3.50 bB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
3.75
5.76
1.53 aA
8.02
2.14 aA
14.03
3.74 aA
表中同一列中的不同字母表示差异显著(DPS, 小写字母表示 P<0.05, 大写字母表示 P<0.01)。 Values within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P<0.01 (capital letter) and P<0.05 (small letter).
表5 苗期低温胁迫对供试材料相对电导率和丙二醛含量的影响 Table 5 Effects of low temperature stress on the relative conductivity and MDA content of tested materials at seedling stage
表6 苗期低温胁迫对供试材料脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量的影响 Table 6 Effects of low temperature stress on proline content, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of tested materials at seedling stage
供试材料 Tested materials
低温胁迫时间Time of low temperature stress
0 d
1 d
胁迫1 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 1 d to 0 d
3 d
胁迫3 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 3 d to 0 d
5 d
胁迫5 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 5 d to 0 d
脯氨酸含量 Proline content (µg g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
11.44
11.89
1.04 aA
18.51
1.62 abAB
35.96
3.14 aA
微胚乳1 ME1
12.05
15.28
1.27 aA
23.61
1.96 aA
37.31
3.10 abA
微胚乳2 ME2
15.64
20.33
1.30 aA
24.45
1.56 abAB
49.35
3.16 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
17.52
19.25
1.10 aA
28.35
1.62 abAB
45.81
2.62 bcAB
微胚乳4 ME4
16.74
19.80
1.18 aA
21.42
1.28 bB
41.63
2.49 cdAB
微胚乳5 ME5
15.89
16.50
1.04 aA
24.39
1.54 abAB
33.26
2.09 deB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
16.79
17.87
1.07 aA
21.16
1.26 bB
32.63
1.94 eB
可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content (mg g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
9.04
8.44
0.93 aA
11.48
1.27 aA
12.01
1.33 aA
微胚乳1 ME1
8.34
5.68
0.68 bA
6.28
0.75 dC
9.24
1.11 abA
微胚乳2 ME2
6.28
5.71
0.91 aA
7.88
1.26 aA
7.94
1.27 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
6.64
5.28
0.79 abA
5.61
0.84 cdBC
7.28
1.10 abA
微胚乳4 ME4
6.84
5.38
0.79 abA
6.68
0.98 bB
6.98
1.02 bABC
微胚乳5 ME5
6.51
4.84
0.73 abA
5.88
0.88 bcBC
4.88
0.73 cBC
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
10.28
6.94
0.68 bA
8.28
0.81 cdC
6.81
0.66 cC
可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content (mg g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
1.17
7.69
6.60 cB
4.02
3.45 cBC
3.32
2.85 aA
微胚乳1 ME1
0.79
6.93
8.75 aA
4.62
5.84 aA
2.86
3.61 aA
微胚乳2 ME2
1.12
7.17
6.41 cBC
3.98
3.55 cBC
3.40
3.03 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
1.36
6.21
4.57 dD
3.93
2.89 cC
4.07
2.99 aA
微胚乳4 ME4
1.16
6.14
5.31 dCD
4.04
3.50 cBC
3.22
2.79 aA
微胚乳5 ME5
0.86
6.40
7.48 bB
4.00
4.67 bAB
2.19
2.55 aA
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
0.78
6.91
8.81 aA
4.21
5.37 abA
2.03
2.59 aA
表中同一列中的不同字母表示差异显著(DPS, 小写字母表示 P<0.05, 大写字母表示 P<0.01)。 Values within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P<0.01 (capital letter) and P<0.05 (small letter).
表6 苗期低温胁迫对供试材料脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量的影响 Table 6 Effects of low temperature stress on proline content, soluble sugar content and soluble protein content of tested materials at seedling stage
表7 苗期低温胁迫对供试材料SOD、POD酶活性和叶绿素含量的影响 Table 7 Effects of low temperature stress on SOD, POD activities and chlorophyll content of tested materials at seedling stage
供试材料 Tested materials
低温胁迫时间Time of low temperature stress
0 d
1 d
胁迫1 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 1 d to 0 d
3 d
胁迫3 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 3 d to 0 d
5 d
胁迫5 d与0 d的比值 Ratio of stress 5 d to 0 d
SOD酶活性SOD activity (U g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
185.18
266.08
1.44 aA
204.81
1.11 abcABC
215.31
1.16 abAB
微胚乳1 ME1
273.68
330.09
1.21 aA
233.95
0.86 dBC
302.86
1.11 bAB
微胚乳2 ME2
209.81
253.12
1.21 aA
175.95
0.84 dC
304.47
1.45 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
227.57
287.29
1.26 aA
265.84
1.17 abAB
254.55
1.12 bAB
微胚乳4 ME4
224.99
295.93
1.32 aA
270.52
1.20 aA
228.71
1.02 bAB
微胚乳5 ME5
198.64
264.51
1.33 aA
193.81
0.98 bcdABC
197.77
0.99 bAB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
264.76
305.35
1.15 aA
241.92
0.91 cdABC
234.77
0.89 bB
POD酶活性 POD activity (A470 g-1 FW min-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
0.31
0.42
1.36 abA
0.26
0.85 bAB
0.40
1.29 aA
微胚乳1 ME1
0.39
0.62
1.58 aA
0.46
1.16 aA
0.49
1.26 aA
微胚乳2 ME2
0.30
0.38
1.28 abA
0.22
0.73 bB
0.39
1.30 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
0.31
0.41
1.34 abA
0.36
1.17 aA
0.39
1.27 aA
微胚乳4 ME4
0.42
0.44
1.06 bA
0.32
0.78 bB
0.47
1.13 abAB
微胚乳5 ME5
0.40
0.44
1.10 bA
0.34
0.86 bAB
0.37
0.93 bB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
0.39
0.44
1.14 bA
0.31
0.79 bB
0.35
0.92 bB
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (mg g-1)
高油115 Gaoyou 115
3.86
3.78
0.98 aA
2.96
0.77 aA
2.74
0.71 abA
微胚乳1 ME1
3.44
3.12
0.91 abA
2.66
0.77 aA
2.29
0.66 bAB
微胚乳2 ME2
3.28
3.03
0.92 abA
2.53
0.77 aA
2.59
0.79 aA
微胚乳3 ME3
4.12
3.82
0.93 abA
3.02
0.73 aA
2.79
0.68 abAB
微胚乳4 ME4
3.69
2.93
0.80 bA
2.79
0.76 aA
2.51
0.68 abAB
微胚乳5 ME5
3.22
2.74
0.85 abA
2.48
0.77 aA
2.10
0.65 bAB
正甜68 Zhengtian 68
3.33
2.89
0.87 abA
2.16
0.65 aA
1.75
0.53 cB
表中同一列中的不同字母表示差异显著(DPS, 小写字母表示 P<0.05, 大写字母表示 P<0.01)。 Values within a column followed by different letters are significantly different at P<0.01 (capital letter) and P<0.05 (small letter).
表7 苗期低温胁迫对供试材料SOD、POD酶活性和叶绿素含量的影响 Table 7 Effects of low temperature stress on SOD, POD activities and chlorophyll content of tested materials at seedling stage
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