关键词:大豆; 育成品种; SSR; 遗传多样性; 特异性 Genetic Similarity and Specificity of Ten Important Soybean Cultivar Families Released in China XIONG Dong-Jin1,2,**, WANG Wu-Bin1,**, ZHAO Tuan-Jie1, GAI Jun-Yi1,* 1Soybean Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University / National Center for Soybean Improvement / National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, China
2 School of Life Science and food Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
Fund: AbstractAnalysis of the affinity relationship and genetic similarity among cultivars is important for crop genetic improvement. In this study, a total of 161 SSRs covering the entire soybean genome were analyzed for the genetic diversity, similarity and specificity of 10 important families composed of 179 cultivars using PowerMarker Ver. 3.25. The results showed that there were totally 1697 alleles, averaging 10.5 per locus, ranging from 5 to 24 with average polymorphism information content of 0.832, ranging from 0.545 to 0.943 in the population. According to the SSR cluster analysis, the 179 cultivars were clustered into six groups, eleven subgroups, with a tendency that the cultivars in a family tended to be grouped into a same cluster. There existed significant correlation (r= 0.67) between coefficient of parentage (CP) and genetic similarity coefficient (GSC) of the population. The CP and GSC values of A295, A133, A122, and A231 families were relatively low, which means that the genetic bases of the four families were relatively broad. In contrast, the CP and GSC values of A291, A201, A084, and A002 families were relatively high, indicating their genetic bases were relatively narrow due to more cultivars obtained from pure line selection. The CP and GSC values between the A019 family from Northeast China and other nine families were the lowest among all pairwise combinations of families. The genetic specificity analysis showed that there existed much more complementary alleles, specifically existent and specifically deficient alleles in A019 in comparison with in other families, indicating the former is distant from the latter. On the other hand, the families in Eco-region II and III, contained fewer complementary alleles, specifically existent and specifically deficient alleles, which might be due to some frequent germplasm exchange between the neighboring eco-regions. For example, there were no specifically existent alleles in A002, A231, A122 and no specifically deficient alleles in A084, A201, A034, and A231. The present results are of significance in broadening the genetic basis of soybean cultivar.
Keyword:Soybean; Released cultivar; SSR; Genetic diversity; Specificity Show Figures Show Figures
I: 北方一熟春豆生态区; II: 黄淮海二熟春夏豆生态区; III: 长江中下游二熟春夏豆生态区; IV: 中南多熟春夏秋豆生态区; V: 西南高原二熟春夏豆生态区; 华南热带多熟多播季生态区(VI)的大豆未包括在本研究中。 I: Northern single cropping, spring planting eco-region; II: Huanghuaihai double cropping, spring and summer planting eco-region; III: Middle and lower Changjiang valley double cropping, spring and summer planting eco-region; IV: Central south multiple cropping, spring, summer and autumn planting eco-region; V: Southwest plateau double cropping, spring and summer planting eco-region; cultivars from South China tropical multiple cropping, all season planting eco-region (VI) is excluded in the present study.
表5 主要家族间亲本系数和遗传相似系数的比较 Table 5 Comparison of parentage coefficient and genetic similarity coefficient among the families
家族Family
A019
A295
A133
A122
A034
A231
A002
A084
A201
A291
A019
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.13
0.14
0.13
0.13
A295
0
0.17
0.18
0.17
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
A133
0
0.05
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.16
0.16
0.16
A122
0
0.06
0.04
0.17
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.17
A034
0
0.06
0.04
0.04
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.17
A231
0
0.04
0.04
0.04
0.06
0.16
0.16
0.16
0.16
A002
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.06
0.05
0.18
0.14
0.15
A084
0.01
0.03
0.02
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.11
0.16
0.16
A201
0
0.01
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.24
A291
0
0.01
0.01
0
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.03
0.09
对角线上方为遗传相似系数, 对角线下方为亲本系数。 Numbers above the diagonal are genetic similarity coefficient (GSC) values; those below the diagonal are coefficient of parentage (CP) values.
表5 主要家族间亲本系数和遗传相似系数的比较 Table 5 Comparison of parentage coefficient and genetic similarity coefficient among the families
图2 成对品种间亲本系数频数分布图A: 不同家族; B: 不同生态区。Fig. 2 Frequency distribution of CP in pairwised soybean cultivarsA: frequency distribution in different families; B: frequency distribution in different eco-regions.
表7 不同家族间互补等位变异数 Table 7 Number of complementary alleles among different families
家族Family
A019
A295
A133
A122
A034
A231
A002
A084
A201
A291
A019
102
48
201
35
33
182
166
363
433
A295
604(706)
20
242
21
23
298
309
538
670
A133
642(690)
112(132)
336
43
46
339
335
593
733
A122
468(669)
7(249)
9(345)
9
11
221
211
437
522
A034
668(703)
152(173)
82(125)
375(384)
26
350
367
638
770
A231
656(689)
144(167)
75(121)
367(378)
16(42)
344
353
632
766
A002
483(665)
97(395)
46(385)
255(476)
18(368)
22(366)
131
467
573
A084
467(633)
187(496)
42(377)
245(456)
35(402)
31(384)
131(262)
459
547
A201
380(743)
53(591)
16(609)
187(624)
22(660)
26(658)
183(650)
175(634)
256
A291
331(764)
46(716)
17(750)
133(655)
15(785)
21(787)
150(723)
124(671)
117(373)
表中所列的行家族对列家族补充的等位变异数; 括号内的数字为2个亚群间互补等位变异数。 The numbers of complementary alleles in the Table are those in the vertical lines to the horizontal lines; the numbers in parentheses are the numbers of complementary alleles between two families.
表7 不同家族间互补等位变异数 Table 7 Number of complementary alleles among different families
表8 Table 8 表8(Table 8)
表8 不同家族群体间特有等位变异和特缺等位变异 Table 8 Specifically existent and specifically deficient alleles between different ancestor families
家族 Family
特有等位变异 Specifically existent allele
特缺等位变异 Specifically deficient allele
标记数 Marker number
等位变异数 Allele number
标记数 Marker number
等位变异数 Allele number
A002
0
0
14
15
A019
10
10
103
145
A034
3
3
0
0
A084
2
2
0
0
A201
3
3
0
0
A231
0
0
0
0
A291
1
1
17
17
A295
4
4
36
37
A122
0
0
60
71
A133
3
3
0
0
表8 不同家族群体间特有等位变异和特缺等位变异 Table 8 Specifically existent and specifically deficient alleles between different ancestor families
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