2.农村清洁工程重庆市工程研究中心,重庆 400715
1.College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
2.Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaning Engineering, Chongqing 400715, China
为筛选适用于西南地区水旱轮作土壤Cd污染的修复技术,采用水稻-油菜轮作模式和原位钝化实验相结合的方式,比较了施用石灰、生物炭和羟基磷灰石(HAP)3种常见修复剂对土壤基本理化性质、作物产量及籽粒吸收积累镉的影响。结果表明:3种处理均能显著提高土壤pH,与CK相比,使用石灰、生物炭和HAP后,水稻收获期土壤pH分别提高了1.18、0.51和0.91个单位,油菜收获期土壤pH分别提升了0.29、0.81和0.63个单位,但在油菜收获期施用石灰和HAP处理的土壤pH出现明显回落,降幅为0.91个和0.30个单位,施用生物炭处理的土壤pH则进一步提高了0.28个单位;3种处理在水稻收获期均能提高土壤有机质含量,其中生物炭效果最佳;3种处理均能显著降低水稻收获期土壤有效Cd含量,与CK处理相比,分别降低了21.84%、34.08%和20.12%,但在油菜收获期施用石灰和HAP处理的土壤有效Cd含量较相同处理在水稻收获期时有所回升,而生物炭则进一步降低了41.76%;石灰、生物炭和HAP处理对作物产量影响不大,但与CK处理相比,稻米中Cd含量分别降低了30.00%、43.33%和38.00%,油菜籽中Cd含量分别降低了21.00%、53.57%和55.90%,施用生物炭和HAP处理效果较佳。综上所述,生物炭修复水旱轮作模式下农田Cd污染效果最佳。
The combination of rice-canola rotation model and in-situ passivation experiment was used to screen the Cd pollution remediation technologies in the water and drought rotation soil and crop of the southwest region. This study compared the effects of three common remediation agents: lime, biochar and hydroxyapatite (HAP) on soil basic physical and chemical properties, crop yield, cadmium absorption and accumulation in seed. The results showed that the three treatments with these agents could significantly improve the soil pH. Compared with CK, after the addition of lime, biochar or HAP, the pHs of the remediated soil at rice harvest time raised by 1.18, 0.51 or 0.91 units, respectively. The remediated soil pHs at rape harvest time raised by 0.29, 0.81 or 0.63 units, respectively. However, the pHs of the soil treated with lime and HAP during the rapeseed harvest period showed a significant drops by 0.91 and 0.30 units, respectively, and the pH of the soil treated with biochar further raised by 0.28 units. The three treatments could improve the soil organic matter content at rice harvest time, and the biochar had the best effect. While these treatments could significantly reduce the effective Cd content in the soil at rice harvest time by 21.84%, 34.08% and 20.12%, respectively. Compared with the same treatments during rice harvest period, the effective Cd content in soil treated with lime and HAP during the rapeseed harvest period increased, while the effective Cd content in soil treated with biochar further decreased by 41.76%. Lime, biochar or HAP treatment had slight effect on crop yield, but compared with CK treatment, the Cd contents in rice decreased by 30.00%, 43.33% or 38.00%, and in rapeseed decreased by 21.00%, 53.57% or 55.90%, respectively. The treatment effects of biochar and HAP was better. In summary, biochar treatment had the best effect on Cd pollution remediation in farmland with water and drought rotation mode.
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Changes in pH and organic matter content of soil after three treatments
Effects of three treatments on soil Cd content
Cd content in the whole plant after three treatments
Cd content in crop seeds after three treatments
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