) 1信阳师范学院教育科学学院, 河南 信阳 464000
2郑州理工职业学院, 郑州 451100
3首都师范大学心理学院, 北京 100048
收稿日期:2019-10-17出版日期:2021-09-25发布日期:2021-07-22通讯作者:周蔚E-mail:zhouwei@cnu.edu.cn基金资助:河南省科技发展计划项目(202400410143);信阳师范学院“南湖****奖励计划”青年项目资助。Evidence for neural re-use hypothesis from the processing of Chinese emotional words
SUN Tianyi1, HAO Xiaoxiao2, HE Anming1, WANG Caiyu1, XU Yuanli1, GUO Chunyan3, ZHOU Wei3() 1School of Education Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
2Zhengzhou Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou, 451100, China
3College of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
Received:2019-10-17Online:2021-09-25Published:2021-07-22Contact:ZHOU Wei E-mail:zhouwei@cnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 神经重用假说认为对词的情绪效应可以不经语义形成而先行产生, 这更有助于人类适应环境。为了检验这一假说, 设计脑电实验和行为实验, 记录被试加工汉语厌恶情绪词和中性词的特征。结果发现, 170 ms左右厌恶词与中性词的ERPs发生分离, 且在枕部出现情绪刺激视觉注意关联的EPN; 厌恶词与中性词N400差异波溯源定位于脑岛附近, 其最大激活点时间窗口开始于380 ms。这表明在情绪词汇的语义分析之前就出现了情绪效应, 结果支持了神经重用假说。
图/表 7
表1词汇变量评分的平均数及标准差(M-平均值、SD-标准差)
| 变量 | 词的评分 | |
|---|---|---|
| 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | |
| 效价 | 1.69 ± 0.22 | 3.31 ± 0.29 |
| 唤醒度 | 2.95 ± 0.35 | 2.41 ± 0.38 |
| 形象性 | 3.37 ± 0.49 | 3.74 ± 0.68 |
| 熟悉性 | 3.37 ± 0.64 | 3.81 ± 0.81 |
表1词汇变量评分的平均数及标准差(M-平均值、SD-标准差)
| 变量 | 词的评分 | |
|---|---|---|
| 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | |
| 效价 | 1.69 ± 0.22 | 3.31 ± 0.29 |
| 唤醒度 | 2.95 ± 0.35 | 2.41 ± 0.38 |
| 形象性 | 3.37 ± 0.49 | 3.74 ± 0.68 |
| 熟悉性 | 3.37 ± 0.64 | 3.81 ± 0.81 |
图1刺激呈现流程图
图1刺激呈现流程图
图2总的ERP波形图和中线电极差异波的地形图
图2总的ERP波形图和中线电极差异波的地形图表2电极位置及平均电位值(M-平均值、SD-标准差(μV))
| 电极位置 | 脑电成分的电位 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P100 | EPN | |||
| 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | |
| 左(O1) | 4.49 ± 3.44 | 4.11 ± 4.24 | -3.72 ± 3.56 | -3.57 ± 2.71 |
| 中(Oz) | 2.52 ± 4.07 | 2.51 ± 4.51 | -2.96 ± 3.75 | -2.55 ± 2.96 |
| 右(O2) | 3.71 ± 5.93 | 3.73 ± 6.18 | -3.77 ± 4.57 | -2.74 ± 3.93 |
表2电极位置及平均电位值(M-平均值、SD-标准差(μV))
| 电极位置 | 脑电成分的电位 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P100 | EPN | |||
| 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | |
| 左(O1) | 4.49 ± 3.44 | 4.11 ± 4.24 | -3.72 ± 3.56 | -3.57 ± 2.71 |
| 中(Oz) | 2.52 ± 4.07 | 2.51 ± 4.51 | -2.96 ± 3.75 | -2.55 ± 2.96 |
| 右(O2) | 3.71 ± 5.93 | 3.73 ± 6.18 | -3.77 ± 4.57 | -2.74 ± 3.93 |
表3中央电极平均电位值(M-平均值、SD-标准差(μV))
| 电极位置 | 分析时窗下的电位 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 300~500 ms | 500~700 ms | |||
| 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | |
| FPz | -0.15 ± 2.61 | 0.52 ± 2.83 | 1.73 ± 2.15 | 1.31 ± 2.46 |
| Fz | 2.49 ± 2.89 | 0.50 ± 2.74 | 2.92 ± 2.41 | 0.76 ± 1.88 |
| Cz | 4.74 ± 4.40 | 1.72 ± 3.51 | 5.58 ± 4.19 | 2.80 ± 2.92 |
| Pz | 5.50 ± 4.54 | 2.83 ± 3.55 | 5.17 ± 4.58 | 3.09 ± 3.26 |
| Oz | 2.13 ± 2.76 | 0.53 ± 2.64 | 2.01 ± 2.67 | 1.09 ± 2.21 |
表3中央电极平均电位值(M-平均值、SD-标准差(μV))
| 电极位置 | 分析时窗下的电位 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 300~500 ms | 500~700 ms | |||
| 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | 厌恶词(M ± SD) | 中性词(M ± SD) | |
| FPz | -0.15 ± 2.61 | 0.52 ± 2.83 | 1.73 ± 2.15 | 1.31 ± 2.46 |
| Fz | 2.49 ± 2.89 | 0.50 ± 2.74 | 2.92 ± 2.41 | 0.76 ± 1.88 |
| Cz | 4.74 ± 4.40 | 1.72 ± 3.51 | 5.58 ± 4.19 | 2.80 ± 2.92 |
| Pz | 5.50 ± 4.54 | 2.83 ± 3.55 | 5.17 ± 4.58 | 3.09 ± 3.26 |
| Oz | 2.13 ± 2.76 | 0.53 ± 2.64 | 2.01 ± 2.67 | 1.09 ± 2.21 |
图3N400成分差异波的溯源分析图
图3N400成分差异波的溯源分析图| 厌恶词汇 | 中性词汇 | 交通工具词汇 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 粪肉 | 尿味 | 窗户 | 个体 | 火车 | 帆船 |
| 粪便 | 狗屎 | 橡皮 | 衣柜 | 汽车 | 轮船 |
| 口臭 | 粪桶 | 筷子 | 护照 | 动车 | 游船 |
| 臊臭 | 便池 | 副刊 | 盒子 | 轿车 | 客船 |
| 臭气 | 蛆虫 | 邮编 | 文件 | 卡车 | 渔船 |
| 大便 | 粪土 | 地幔 | 事物 | 高铁 | 游艇 |
| 蝇蛆 | 粪堆 | 邮票 | 路灯 | 跑车 | |
| 粪坑 | 痰盂 | 影子 | 池塘 | 游轮 | |
| 狐臭 | 汗臭 | 纽扣 | 空调 | 邮轮 | |
| 臭味 | 鸟屎 | 桌子 | 沙发 | 客轮 | |
| 臭屁 | 鼻屎 | 椅子 | 踏板 | 机车 | |
| 屎尿 | 粪筐 | 磁石 | 剪子 | 客车 | |
| 粪池 | 粘液 | 茶瓶 | 墙壁 | 电车 | |
| 粪水 | 便盆 | 链条 | 电视 | 飞机 | |
| 恶臭 | 苍蝇 | 地板 | 胶卷 | 客机 | |
| 尿盆 | 腐烂 | 秘书 | 键盘 | 地铁 | |
| 肉虫 | 腐肉 | 地图 | 波浪 | 巴士 | |
| 脚臭 | 麻雀 | 摩托 | |||
| 厌恶词汇 | 中性词汇 | 交通工具词汇 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 粪肉 | 尿味 | 窗户 | 个体 | 火车 | 帆船 |
| 粪便 | 狗屎 | 橡皮 | 衣柜 | 汽车 | 轮船 |
| 口臭 | 粪桶 | 筷子 | 护照 | 动车 | 游船 |
| 臊臭 | 便池 | 副刊 | 盒子 | 轿车 | 客船 |
| 臭气 | 蛆虫 | 邮编 | 文件 | 卡车 | 渔船 |
| 大便 | 粪土 | 地幔 | 事物 | 高铁 | 游艇 |
| 蝇蛆 | 粪堆 | 邮票 | 路灯 | 跑车 | |
| 粪坑 | 痰盂 | 影子 | 池塘 | 游轮 | |
| 狐臭 | 汗臭 | 纽扣 | 空调 | 邮轮 | |
| 臭味 | 鸟屎 | 桌子 | 沙发 | 客轮 | |
| 臭屁 | 鼻屎 | 椅子 | 踏板 | 机车 | |
| 屎尿 | 粪筐 | 磁石 | 剪子 | 客车 | |
| 粪池 | 粘液 | 茶瓶 | 墙壁 | 电车 | |
| 粪水 | 便盆 | 链条 | 电视 | 飞机 | |
| 恶臭 | 苍蝇 | 地板 | 胶卷 | 客机 | |
| 尿盆 | 腐烂 | 秘书 | 键盘 | 地铁 | |
| 肉虫 | 腐肉 | 地图 | 波浪 | 巴士 | |
| 脚臭 | 麻雀 | 摩托 | |||
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