科学发明情境中问题提出的脑机制再探

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童丹丹¹^,², 李文福³, 禄鹏¹, 杨文静², 杨东², 张庆林²(

), 邱江²(

)

¹西北师范大学心理学院, 甘肃省行为与心理重点实验室, 兰州 730030
²西南大学心理学部, 认知与人格教育部重点实验室, 重庆北碚 400715
³济宁医学院精神卫生学院, 山东济宁 272067

收稿日期:2019-12-20出版日期:2020-11-25发布日期:2020-09-22
通讯作者:张庆林,邱江E-mail:zhangql@swu.edu.cn;qiuj318@swu.edu.cn

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金项目(31470981);国家自然科学基金项目(31771231);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(19XJC190001);甘肃省社科规划项目(19YB026);山东省高等学校“青创科技计划”项目(2019RWF003)

The neural basis of scientific innovation problem finding

TONG DanDan¹^,², LI WenFu³, LU Peng¹, YANG WenJing², YANG Dong², ZHANG QingLin²(

), QIU Jiang²(

)

¹School of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Key Laboratory of Behavioral and Mental Health of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China
²School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
³Department of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China

Received:2019-12-20Online:2020-11-25Published:2020-09-22
Contact:ZHANG QingLin,QIU Jiang E-mail:zhangql@swu.edu.cn;qiuj318@swu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以高生态学效度的科学发明问题情境作为实验材料, 采用静息态功能磁共振成像技术, 基于低频振幅(ALFF)和静息态功能连接(RSFC)的分析方法, 探讨创造性科学问题提出的脑机制。结果发现, 在控制了被试性别、年龄后, 提出新颖有效性问题的比率越高, 左内侧前额叶(Left media prefrontal cortex, L-mPFC)和右小脑前叶(Right cerebellum)的ALFF值越高。进一步功能连接分析发现, 提出新颖有效性问题的比率与mPFC和楔叶(Cuneus)之间的功能连接强度呈显著正相关。结果强调mPFC对于科学发明情境中问题提出的重要作用, 且更高比率的新颖有效性问题的提出是通过mPFC与其它脑区的协同联结来实现的。

图/表 5

图1实验流程图

图1实验流程图

表1创造性科学问题提出比率的平均数和标准差

测量指标	平均数	95% CI	标准差	最小值	最大值	得分范围
新颖性问题	0.89	0.86 ~ 0.91	0.14	0.11	1.00	0.89
有效性问题	0.33	0.28 ~ 0.38	0.26	0.00	0.89	0.89

表1创造性科学问题提出比率的平均数和标准差

测量指标	平均数	95% CI	标准差	最小值	最大值	得分范围
新颖性问题	0.89	0.86 ~ 0.91	0.14	0.11	1.00	0.89
有效性问题	0.33	0.28 ~ 0.38	0.26	0.00	0.89	0.89

表2ALFF和新颖有效性问题提出比率显著相关的脑区

脑区	半球	MNI			t值 (最大点)	体素个数 (Voxels)	效应量 f ²
脑区	半球	X	Y	Z	t值 (最大点)	体素个数 (Voxels)	效应量 f ²
ALFF与新颖有效性问题提出比率显著正相关
腹内侧前额叶	左	-6	12	-18	3.51	74	0.19
小脑前叶	右	9	-42	-30	4.53	124	0.25

表2ALFF和新颖有效性问题提出比率显著相关的脑区

脑区	半球	MNI			t值 (最大点)	体素个数 (Voxels)	效应量 f ²
脑区	半球	X	Y	Z	t值 (最大点)	体素个数 (Voxels)	效应量 f ²
ALFF与新颖有效性问题提出比率显著正相关
腹内侧前额叶	左	-6	12	-18	3.51	74	0.19
小脑前叶	右	9	-42	-30	4.53	124	0.25

图2ALFF值和新颖有效性问题提出比率显著相关的脑区。左图代表左侧腹内侧前额叶, 右侧小脑的ALFF值与新颖有效性问题提出比率的显著相关。右图表示将与新颖有效性问题提出比率有显著相关的大脑区域的ALFF值提取出来, 并与新颖有效性问题提出比率进行Pearson相关分析。

图3与种子点组成的功能连接网络能够预测提出新颖有效性问题提出的脑区。左图表示以右内侧前额叶为种子点, 与新颖有效性问题提出比率显著正相关的连接为左侧楔叶, 右侧表示将与提出新颖有效性问题比率有显著相关的内侧额叶-楔叶功能连接值提取出来并与新颖有效性问题提出比率进行Pearson相关分析。

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