1.State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China 2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
Fund Project:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11674356, 11527807) and the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (Grant No. XDB21010400)
Received Date:22 September 2020
Accepted Date:11 November 2020
Available Online:06 March 2021
Published Online:20 March 2021
Abstract:Ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulse is an important tool in studying ultrafast chemical and physical processes. Realizing broadband ultraviolet laser pluses with a wide tunable range would significantly facilitate the study of ultrafast processes. As an effective and convenient method, the cascaded four-wave mixing (CFWM) has been widely adopted to generate broadband and tunable ultraviolet femtosecond laser pulses. In this work, we carry out CFWM in MgO crystal by using two 400-nm pulses to generate tunable ultraviolet femtosecond pulse. The MgO crystal is chosen due to its high third-order nonlinear susceptibility, large band gap and high transmittance in the ultraviolet region. In the experiment, nine frequency up-converted and five frequency down-converted sidebands are observed. The measured wavelength and scattering angle of each sideband are consistent with the CFWM theory predictions. The wavelength range of the sidebands covers 350–450 nm. The total conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet sidebands is 1.2%, which is higher than the reported values with visible/near infrared driven lasers. Meanwhile, the spectra of the high-order sidebands present a Gaussian profile and can support a Fourier-transform-limited pulse duration of less than 50 fs. Besides, the central wavelengths of the sidebands can be effectively tuned by adjusting the time-delay between the two pre-chirped pump pulses. Our study provides an efficient and convenient scheme to generate short ultraviolet femtosecond pulses with a wide tunable range. Keywords:ultraviolet femtosecond pulse/ cascaded four wave mixing/ MgO crystal
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3.实验结果与分析实验首先测量了钛宝石激光器输出的基频光的光谱, 如图2(a)所示, 其中心波长为792 nm, 光谱范围为760—820 nm. BBO晶体作为倍频介质, 通过调节其光轴角度, 可以实现倍频光的中心波长连续调谐. 这种方式产生的倍频光的光谱范围约为380—410 nm, 如图2(b)所示. 本文将倍频效率最高时的光轴角度设为0°, 可产生倍频的光轴角度范围为±10°. 注意到图中光谱在395 nm附近出现干涉条纹, 它可能来源于BBO晶体中倍频光与和频光之间的干涉. 图 2 (a) 钛宝石激光器输出的基频光光谱; (b) BBO在不同光轴角度下的倍频光光谱 Figure2. (a) Output spectrum of Ti-Sapphire laser; (b) spectra of the second harmonic generation under different BBO orientations.