张东升,
李萍,
宗毓铮,
郝兴宇,
山西农业大学农学院 太谷 030801
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目31871517
国家自然科学基金面上项目31971773
详细信息
作者简介:刘亚静, 主要研究方向为植物生理生态与分子生物学。E-mail: 15735167985@163.com
通讯作者:郝兴宇, 主要研究方向为农业气象及气候变化对农业的影响。E-mail: haoxingyu1976@126.com
中图分类号:S515计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2020-07-01
录用日期:2020-10-10
刊出日期:2021-03-01
Interactive effect of elevated CO2 concentration and drought on photosynthetic and physiological indexes of foxtail millet
LIU Yajing,ZHANG Dongsheng,
LI Ping,
ZONG Yuzheng,
HAO Xingyu,
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China31871517
the National Natural Science Foundation of China31971773
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Corresponding author:HAO Xingyu, E-mail: haoxingyu1976@126.com
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摘要
摘要:为明确谷子光合作用以及抗旱生理过程对高大气CO2浓度和干旱交互作用的响应机制，在开顶式气室中（OTC）开展大气CO2浓度和干旱交互对谷子影响的研究。设置两个CO2浓度：环境CO2浓度（400 μmol·mol-1）和高CO2浓度（600 μmol·mol-1）；两个水分处理：正常水分（70%~80%田间持水量）和干旱（45%~55%田间持水量），对高CO2浓度和干旱互作下谷子光合气体交换参数、荧光动力学参数及抗旱相关生理指标的变化进行了研究。结果表明：高CO2浓度可降低干旱条件下光合色素含量，加剧孕穗期谷子气孔关闭，减轻灌浆期干旱对谷子净光合速率的负效应并增加其水分利用效率。孕穗期高CO2处理使正常水分处理下谷子气孔导度下降66.7%，而干旱处理下减少77.7%；灌浆期高CO2使正常水分处理和干旱处理下谷子净光合速率分别增加19.0%和87.7%，水分利用效率增加37.1%和39.2%。干旱处理显著降低谷子除非光化学淬灭系数（NPQ）以外所有荧光动力学参数值，灌浆期高CO2能缓解该作用。高CO2处理显著减少纤维素含量和正常水分处理下过氧化物酶活性。干旱极显著升高POD活性（高CO2浓度）及脯氨酸含量、可溶性总糖、淀粉含量（环境CO2浓度）和纤维素含量（高CO2浓度）。因此CO2浓度升高能够改善谷子的PSⅡ光化学效率和提高抗氧化酶活性来增强谷子的抗旱性。
关键词:干旱/
高大气CO2/
光系统Ⅱ效率/
抗逆性
Abstract:There is a lack of knowledge on the interactive effects of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations ([CO2]) and drought on the photosynthesis and physiological processes underlying foxtail millet drought resistance. An experiment was conducted in an open-top chamber with two CO2 treatments, ambient [CO2] (CK, 400 μmol·mol-1) and elevated [CO2] (ECO2, 600 μmol·mol-1), and two water treatments, normal water (relative water content was 75%-85% soil capacity) and drought (relative water content was 35%-45% soil capacity). We quantified the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and drought on the gas exchange parameters, fluorescence parameters, and drought-resistant physiological indicators in millet. The results showed that elevated CO2 could reduce the content of photosynthetic pigment under drought conditions. Elevated [CO2] aggravated millet stomatal closure at the booting stage, alleviated the negative effects of drought on the net photosynthetic rate at the filling stage, and increased the water utilization efficiency. During the booting stage, elevated [CO2] resulted in a 66.7% reduction in stomatal conductance under normal water conditions and a 77.7% reduction under drought conditions. During the grouting period, under normal water conditions, elevated [CO2] led to a 19.0% increase in the grain net photosynthetic rate and a 37.1% increase in water use efficiency; under drought conditions, it led to an 87.7% increase in the grain net photosynthetic rate and a 39.2% increase in water use efficiency, respectively compared with that of ambient [CO2]. Drought significantly reduced all of the millet fluorescence kinetic parameters, except non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), and elevated [CO2] alleviated this effect in the grouting period. At the booting stage, ECO2 and drought showed significant interactive effects on the intrinsic efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) (Fv/Fm'), PSⅡ photochemistry (ΦPSⅡ), and the highest photosynthetic electron transport (ETR) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP). Elevated [CO2] significantly reduced the content of cellulose and activity of peroxidase (POD) under normal water conditions. POD activity (under ECO2), and contents of proline, soluble total sugar, starch content (under CK), and the cellulose content (under ECO2) were significantly increased under drought conditions. We conclude that elevated [CO2] can enhance the drought resistance of C4 foxtail millet by improving the photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ and the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
Key words:Drought/
Elevated CO2 concentration/
PSⅡ efficiency/
Stress resistance
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图1大气CO2浓度升高和干旱对谷子孕穗期光合色素含量的影响
CK: 当前大气CO2浓度(400 μmol?mol?1); ECO2: 升高CO2浓度(600 μmol?mol?1)。不同小写字母表示差异达P < 5%显著水平。
Figure1.Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and drought on photosynthetic pigments contents of foxtail mille at booting stage
CK: ambient CO2 concentration (400 μmol?mol?1); ECO2: elevated CO2 concentration (600 μmol?mol?1). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 5% level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2大气CO2浓度升高与干旱对谷子气体交换参数的影响
CK: 当前大气CO2浓度(400 μmol?mol?1); ECO2: 升高CO2浓度(600 μmol?mol?1)。不同小写字母表示同一生育期不同处理间差异达P < 5%显著水平。
Figure2.Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and drought on gas exchange parameters of foxtail millet
CK: ambient CO2 concentration (400 μmol?mol?1); ECO2: elevated CO2 concentration (600 μmol?mol?1). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at the same growth stage at P < 5% level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3大气CO2浓度升高和干旱对孕穗期谷子POD活性及脯氨酸、可溶性糖、淀粉和纤维素含量的影响
不同小写字母表示差异达P < 5%显著水平。
Figure3.Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and drought on POD activity and contents of proline, soluble sugar, starch and cellulose of foxtail millet at booting stage
Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at P < 5% level.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1大气CO2浓度升高和干旱对谷子叶绿体荧光参数的影响
Table1.Effects of elevated CO2 concentration and drought on chloroplast fluorescence parameters of foxtail millet
| 生育期 Growth period | 处理 Treatment | Fv/Fm | Fv'/Fm' | ΦPSⅡ | ETR | qP | NPQ | |
| 孕穗期 Booting stage | 正常水分 Normal water | CK | 0.75±0.01a | 0.36±0.02a | 0.23±0.02a | 137.71±9.64a | 0.64±0.03a | 2.27±0.15b |
| ECO2 | 0.75±0.00ab | 0.31±0.02b | 0.13±0.01b | 76.71±8.83b | 0.41± 0.04b | 2.42±0.14b | ||
| 干旱 Drought | CK | 0.72±0.01b | 0.27±0.01c | 0.08±0.01c | 47.16±3.52c | 0.30±0.02c | 2.71±0.24ab | |
| ECO2 | 0.74±0.01ab | 0.31±0.01b | 0.07±0.01c | 43.08±3.94c | 0.23±0.02c | 2.96±0.09a | ||
| P值 | CO2 | 0.63 | 0.92 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.22 | |
| P value | Water | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| CO2×Water | 0.23 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.75 | ||
| 灌浆期 Grain-filling stage | 正常水分 Normal water | CK | 0.73±0.01a | 0.41±0.01a | 0.23±0.01a | 135.10±8.47a | 0.56±0.03a | 1.65±0.11c |
| ECO2 | 0.76±0.01a | 0.42±0.01a | 0.19±0.02a | 114.98±11.54a | 0.46±0.04b | 1.63±0.09b | ||
| 干旱 Drought | CK | 0.68±0.02b | 0.29±0.03b | 0.10±0.01b | 57.22±4.42b | 0.34±0.02c | 2.09±0.18ab | |
| ECO2 | 0.71±0.01ab | 0.33±0.01b | 0.11±0.01b | 66.25±3.00b | 0.34±0.02c | 2.18±0.25a | ||
| P值 | CO2 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.07 | 0.84 | |
| P value | Water | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
| CO2×Water | 0.83 | 0.47 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.72 | ||
| CK: 当前大气CO2浓度(400 μmol?mol?1); ECO2: 升高CO2浓度(600 μmol?mol?1)。不同小写字母表示同一生育期不同处理间差异达P < 5%显著水平。CK: ambient CO2 concentration (400 μmol?mol?1); ECO2: elevated CO2 concentration (600 μmol?mol?1). Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments at the same growth stage at P < 5% level. | ||||||||
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