秦立金^{1, 2,},
于田田¹,
王佳明¹,
高寅彪¹,
王守政¹,
李铮¹,
云兴福^2,,
1.赤峰学院生命科学学院 赤峰 024000
2.内蒙古农业大学农学院 呼和浩特 010018
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目31160100
2018年内蒙古自治区科技重大专项和内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发项目201602050

详细信息

作者简介:秦立金, 研究方向为设施蔬菜土传病害生物防治与土壤修复。E-mail:1597355169@qq.com

通讯作者:云兴福, 研究方向为高寒地区蔬菜栽培与生理。E-mail：yxf5807@163.com

中图分类号:S476

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出版历程

收稿日期:2018-05-19
录用日期:2018-12-14
刊出日期:2019-04-01

Soil fungal ITS diversity in cucumber-celery intercropping

QIN Lijin^{1, 2,},
YU Tiantian¹,
WANG Jiaming¹,
GAO Yinbiao¹,
WANG Shouzheng¹,
LI Zheng¹,
YUN Xingfu^2,,
1. College of Life Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng 024000, China
2. Agricultural College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China31160100
Major Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2018, Application Technology Research and Development Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region201602050

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Corresponding author:YUN Xingfu, E-mail: yxf5807@163.com

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摘要
摘要:为探索黄瓜与西芹间作后对黄瓜土壤真菌多样性变化规律的影响，本试验以黄瓜与西芹间作种植模式为处理，黄瓜单作和西芹单作种植模式为对照，进行不同处理土壤ITS真菌群落多样性高通量测序分析。结果表明：黄瓜与西芹间作土壤真菌Alpha多样性指数降低，Observed species指数、Shannon指数、Chao1指数和Simpson指数与对照相比均达到最低值，但差异均不显著（P>0.05）。在门分类水平上，共检测到5个菌门，其中，子囊菌门（Ascomycota）、接合菌门（Zygomycota）和担子菌门（Basidiomycota）为3个主要菌门；黄瓜与西芹间作处理前3个菌门所占比例最高，达95.50%。在属分类水上，共检测到329属，相对丰度比例为前12的菌属占所有检测出菌属的49.4%；黄瓜与西芹间作处理检测的菌属所占比例最高，达50.72%，其次为黄瓜单作和西芹单作，分别为50.47%和47.17%。因此，黄瓜与西芹间作处理改变了黄瓜土壤真菌群落的结构和组成，丰富了黄瓜土壤真菌的群落多样性，为以后设施黄瓜连作土壤微生态环境改善和修复提供科学依据。
关键词:黄瓜与西芹间作/
ITS测序/
土壤真菌/
真菌群落/
多样性指数
Abstract:Cucumber wilt is a soil-borne disease that retards cucumber production. Intercropping can be used to reduce the prevalence of plant soil-borne diseases, and celery is widely used in intercropping because of its allelopathic property. This study was carried out to explore the effect of cucumber and celery intercropping on cucumber fusarium wilt and soil fungal diversity. Soils from celery monoculture, cucumber monoculture, and cucumber and celery intercropping were analyzed for fungal ITS diversity. The amount of OUT and the Alpha diversity of soil fungi were reduced with the intercropping. Observed species index, Shannon index, Chao1 index, and Simpson index showed reducing for the intercropping though change was not significant. Five fungal phyla were identified, among which Ascomycota, Zygomycota, and Basidiomycota were the primary ones, accounting for up to 95.50% of the total phyla with the intercropping. Cucumber and celery intercropping and cucumber monoculture appeared to be in the same cluster of phyla, clearly distinct from celery monoculture. There were 329 fungal genera that were identified, and half of their abundance was accounted for by 12 genera, specifically 50.72%, 50.47%, and 47.17% for cucumber and celery intercropping, cucumber monoculture, and celery monoculture, respectively. The genus cluster distribution was consistent with the phylum distribution. Cucumber and celery intercropping altered the structure and composition of the soil fungal community, specifically enriching fungal diversity. The information provided an insight into the use of biological means to control soil-borne diseases encountered in cucumber production.
Key words:Cucumber and celery intercropping/
ITS fungal sequencingtechnique/
Soil fungi/
Fungal community/
Diversity indexes

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图1黄瓜与西芹间作土壤的真菌OUT分布Venn图
JZ:黄瓜与西芹间作; HD:黄瓜单作; XD:西芹单作。
Figure1.Venn graph of soil fungi OUT distribution under cucumber and celery intercropping
JZ: cucumber and celery intercropping; HD: cucumber monoculture; XD: celery monoculture.


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片


图2黄瓜与西芹间作土壤真菌门水平的群落组成
JZ:黄瓜与西芹间作; HD:黄瓜单作; XD:西芹单作。
Figure2.Community composition of soil fungi at phylum level under cucumber and celery intercropping
JZ: cucumber and celery intercropping; HD: cucumber monoculture; XD: celery monoculture.


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片


图3黄瓜与西芹间作土壤门水平上真菌物种分类热图
JZ:黄瓜与西芹间作; HD:黄瓜单作; XD:西芹单作。
Figure3.Heatmap describing fungi species classification at phylum level of soil under cucumber and celery intercropping
JZ: cucumber and celery intercropping; HD: cucumber monoculture; XD: celery monoculture.


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片


图4黄瓜与西芹间作处理土壤属水平上真菌物种分类热图
JZ:黄瓜与西芹间作; HD:黄瓜单作; XD:西芹单作。
Figure4.Heatmap describing fungi species classification at genus level of soil fungi under cucumber and celery intercropping
JZ: cucumber and celery intercropping; HD: cucumber monoculture; XD: celery monoculture.


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表1黄瓜与西芹间作土壤真菌的测序数据质量结果
Table1.Quality results of sequencing data of soil fungi under cucumber and celery intercropping

处理 Treatment	原始数据Raw data			有效数据Valid data		有效百分 比Valid (%)	Q20 (%)	Q30 (%)	GC (%)
	Tag	Base (M)		Tag	Base (M)
西芹单作 Celery monoculture	109 237.67	51.78		108 839.67	28.43	99.61	99.29	97.85	57.42
黄瓜单作 Cucumber monoculture	93 919.67	35.04		73 673.00	19.31	99.65	99.06	97.22	58.16
黄瓜与西芹间作 Cucumber and celery intercropping	62 416.00	29.59		61 831.00	15.94	98.94	99.29	97.82	58.34

下载: 导出CSV
表2黄瓜与西芹间作土壤的真菌Alpha多样性指数
Table2.Alpha diversity indexes of soil fungi community under cucumber and celery intercropping

处理Treatment	Observed species指数 Observed species index	Shannon指数 Shannon index	Chao1指数 Chao1 index	Simpson指数 Simpson index
西芹单作Celery monoculture	1 135.67±25.71a	6.85±0.06a	1 361.61±36.73a	0.97±0.003a
黄瓜单作Cucumber monoculture	1 033.00±61.65a	6.60±0.08a	1 207.83±72.43a	0.97±0.000a
黄瓜与西芹间作 Cucumber and celery intercropping	955.67±29.91a	6.40±0.18a	1 193.93±56.86a	0.96±0.007a
小写字母相同表示不同处理间差异不显著(P > 0.05)。Data with same lowercase letters are not significantly different at 0.05 level.

下载: 导出CSV
表3黄瓜与西芹间作土壤属水平真菌的群落组成
Table3.Community composition of soil fungi at genus level under cucumber and celery intercropping

菌属 Fungal genus	Reads	比例Ratio (%)
		平均 Average	西芹单作 Celery monoculture	黄瓜单作 Cucumber monoculture	黄瓜与西芹间作 Cucumber and celery intercropping
Wardomyces	42 349	6.00	4.80	5.67	7.27
光黑壳属Preussia	42 253	6.00	4.50	6.50	7.03
丝孢菌属Scedosporium	38 243	5.40	6.17	5.10	4.40
被孢霉属Mortierella	29 151	4.10	4.77	3.93	2.80
枝孢属Cladosporium	25 145	3.50	2.60	4.03	5.47
腐质霉属Humicola	21 848	3.10	3.43	3.10	2.43
漆斑菌属Myrothecium	21 625	3.00	2.13	3.63	4.23
毛壳属Chaetomium	20 034	2.80	2.70	3.80	1.90
Davidiella	15 308	2.20	1.90	2.13	2.67
柄孢壳菌属Podospora	11 999	1.70	1.67	1.83	2.27
链格孢属Alternaria	8 865	1.20	1.30	0.67	1.87
Cystilepiota	7 463	1.10	1.53	0.10	0.03
其他属Others	360 054	50.60	52.83	49.28	49.53
未鉴别/未分类属Unclassed/unidentified	66 176	9.30	9.67	10.23	8.10

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