刘英超^1,,
肖靖秀¹,
汤利¹,
郑毅^{1, 2,,}
1.云南农业大学资源与环境学院 昆明 650201
2.云南省教育厅 昆明 650223
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目31460551
国家自然科学基金项目31260504


详细信息

作者简介:刘英超, 主要从事土壤与植物营养研究。E-mail:liuyingchao_1988@163.com

通讯作者:郑毅, 主要从事土壤与植物营养研究。E-mail:yzheng@ynau.edu.cn

中图分类号:S311

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收稿日期:2017-10-07
录用日期:2017-12-02
刊出日期:2018-06-01

Effect of nitrogen application rate on root soy isoflavone exudate of wheat/faba bean intercropping system

LIU Yingchao^1,,
XIAO Jingxiu¹,
TANG Li¹,
ZHENG Yi^{1, 2,,}
1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
2. Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, Kunming 650223, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China31460551
the National Natural Science Foundation of China31260504


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Corresponding author:ZHENG Yi, E-mail:yzheng@ynau.edu.cn

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摘要
摘要:通过盆栽和水培试验，采用小麦蚕豆间作、蚕豆单作、小麦单作3种种植方式，研究了不同生育期不同氮水平（低氮、常规氮和高氮）处理下，单、间作小麦和蚕豆根系大豆异黄酮分泌量的变化，为进一步探明间作增产和控病机制提供依据。结果表明，随作物生育期推移，小麦根系分泌大豆异黄酮数量明显减少，蚕豆根系大豆异黄酮的分泌量先增加后减少。随施氮量增加，小麦蚕豆根系大豆异黄酮分泌量均减少，且多达显著水平。与低氮处理相比，常规氮和高氮处理下，单、间作小麦大豆异黄酮分泌量分别显著减少，且多达显著水平。间作可以显著提高作物大豆异黄酮的分泌量，但间作优势仅在低氮和常规氮处理下明显，高氮处理下，单、间作小麦和蚕豆根系分泌大豆异黄酮数量差异不显著，并且这种间作效应会随生育期的推移逐渐消失。总之，间作种植和施氮量均影响作物根系大豆异黄酮分泌量，且低施氮量的影响更明显。
Abstract:Through pot and hydroponics experiments of wheat/faba-bean, mono-cropped faba-bean and mono-cropped wheat, soy isoflavone exudate of faba-bean and wheat were studied under different nitrogen (deficient, adequate and excessive) conditions at different growth stages. The study aimed at providing the basis for further understanding of yield increase and disease control mechanisms of intercropping systems. The results showed that with the growth of crops, soy isoflavone exudate of wheat roots decreased, while that of faba-bean first increased before decreased. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, soy isoflavone exudate of both wheat and faba-bean decreased, and most changes were significant. Compared with deficient nitrogen treatment, soy isoflavone exudates of intercropped wheat were increased respectively by 18.9% and 122.1% at stem elongation stage (60 d after sowing) under adequate and excessive nitrogen conditions. Accordingly, soy isoflavone exudate of mono-cropped wheat was increased by 28.9% and 72.7% under adequate and excessive nitrogen conditions. Crops intercropping increased soy isolavone secretion of crops, which was significant only at lower nitrogen level. Compared with mono-cropped wheat under deficient and adequate nitrogen condition at stem elongation stage of wheat (60 d after sowing), soy isoflavone exudate of intercropped wheat was significantly increased by 26.9% and 12.0%, respectively, in pot experiment, and 15.3% and 59.2% in hydroponics. Compared with mono-cropped faba-bean under deficit and adequate nitrogen rates at branching stage (60 d after sowing), root soy isoflavone secretion of intercropped faba-bean was significantly increased by 64.6%, and 11.4% in pot experiment, and 23.8% and 14.1% in hydroponics experiment, respectively. At flowering and filling stages of wheat, and flowering and pod-bearing stages of faba-bean, the similar tendency was observed. In short, both intercropping and nitrogen fertilization changed root secretion of soy isoflavone by wheat and faba-bean, which was more obvious under lower nitrogen application rate.

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图1盆栽(a)和水培(b)试验不同氮水平下单、间作蚕豆根系分泌大豆异黄酮PLS-EDA分析
IF:间作蚕豆, MF:单作蚕豆。N/2:低氮; N:常规氮; 3N/2:高氮。
Figure1.PLS-EDA analysis of soy isoflavone secreted by mono- and inter-cropped faba bean root under different N rates in pot experiment (a) and hydroponic experiment (b)
IF: intercropped faba bean; MF: monocropped faba bean; N/2: deficient nitrogen; N: adequate nitrogen; 3N/2: excessive nitrogen.


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图2盆栽(上)和水培(下)试验不同氮水平下单、间作蚕豆根系分泌大豆异黄酮的差异
IF:间作蚕豆; MF:单作蚕豆。N/2:低氮; N:常规氮; 3N/2:高氮。图中不同小写字母表示在P≤0.05水平差异性显著。
Figure2.Soy isoflavone secreted by mono- and inter-cropped faba bean root under different N rates in pot experiment (upper) and hydroponic experiment at different growth stages (lower)
IF: intercropped faba bean; MF: monocropped faba bean; IW: intercropped wheat; MW: monocropped wheat; N/2: deficient nitrogen; N: adequate nitrogen; 3N/2: excessive nitrogen. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 5% level.


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表1不同施氮量对小麦蚕豆间作系统籽粒产量的影响
Table1.Grain yields of wheat and faba bean intercropping system under different nitrogen application rates

g·plant-1
作物 Crop	处理 Treatment	盆栽 Pot experiment				水培 Hydroponic experiment
		N/2	N	3N/2		N/2	N	3N/2
蚕豆 Faba bean	间作 Intercropping	4.26±0.15c	5.48±0.22b	5.98±0.24a		4.84±0.19c	5.62±0.11b	6.06±0.07a
	单作 Monocropping	3.22±0.13d	4.19±0.15c	5.27±0.11b		4.26±0.20d	5.08±0.12c	5.68±0.07b
小麦 Wheat	间作 Intercropping	3.47±0.14bc	4.19±0.17a	4.42±0.11a		5.22±0.12c	5.95±0.06b	6.29±0.12a
	单作 Monocropping	2.42±0.13d	3.30±0.17c	3.66±0.03c		4.45±0.09d	5.21±0.11c	5.41±0.12c
N/2:低氮; N:常规氮; 3N/2:高氮。不同小写字母表示同种作物不同处理间差异达到5%显著水平。N/2: deficient nitrogen; N: adequate nitrogen; 3N/2: excessive nitrogen. Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 5% level among different treatments for the same crop at the same experiment.

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表2不同施氮量对单、间作小麦不同生育期根系分泌大豆异黄酮的影响
Table2.Soy isoflavone secreted by mono- and inter-cropped wheat root under different N rates at different growth stages

ng·plant-1·h-1
处理 Treatment		盆栽 Pot experiment				水培 Hydroponic experiment
		拔节期 Jointing stage	开花期 Flower stage	灌浆期 Filling stage		拔节期 Jointing stage	开花期 Flower stage	灌浆期 Filling stage
N/2	间作 Intercropping	105.83±3.26a	85.00±2.40a	45.00±1.84a		98.75±2.36a	87.50±2.55a	22.50±2.44a
	单作 Monocropping	81.67±2.60b	49.58±2.76cd	47.08±1.82a		85.63±1.40b	84.38±1.30a	15.75±1.59a
N	间作 Intercropping	77.50±2.07b	59.17±2.71b	31.25±2.21b		97.50±1.81a	55.00±1.60b	—
	单作 Monocropping	69.17±2.77c	57.08±1.27bc	30.42±1.21b		61.25±2.79c	48.75±2.38b	—
3N/2	间作 Intercropping	51.67±1.48d	48.33±2.51d	—		41.25±2.43d	—	—
	单作 Monocropping	54.58±2.22d	42.92±2.95d	—		43.75±2.09d	—	—
N/2:低氮; N:常规氮; 3N/2:高氮。同列数据后不同字母表示在P≤0.05水平下差异性显著, —表示未检测到目标。N/2: deficient nitrogen; N: adequate nitrogen; 3N/2: excessive nitrogen. Different lowercase letters in the same line mean significant differences at 5% level. — means that the target is not detected.

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