王微1,
肖清铁1, 2,
郑新宇1, 2,
郑梅琴1, 2,
朱静静1,
韩永明1,
汪敦飞1,
林瑞余1, 2,,,
林文雄1, 2
1.福建省农业生态过程与安全监控重点实验室/福建农林大学生命科学学院 福州 350002
2.作物生态与分子生理学福建省高校重点实验室/福建农林大学生命科学学院 福州 350002
基金项目: 科技基础性工作专项2015YF111300
福建省自然科学基金项目2013J01083
福建省自然科学基金项目2015J01081
闽台作物特色种质创制与绿色栽培协同创新中心项目Project No. 75, 2015
详细信息
作者简介:何小三, 主要从事环境生态研究。E-mail:xsanhe0103@163.com
通讯作者:林瑞余, 主要从事农业生态研究。E-mail:lrylin2004@163.com
中图分类号:Q939.9;X53计量
文章访问数:894
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2017-10-20
录用日期:2018-02-20
刊出日期:2018-06-01
Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the growth and cadmium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling under Cd stress
HE Xiaosan1,,WANG Wei1,
XIAO Qingtie1, 2,
ZHENG Xinyu1, 2,
ZHENG Meiqin1, 2,
ZHU Jingjing1,
HAN Yongming1,
WANG Dunfei1,
LIN Ruiyu1, 2,,,
LIN Wenxiong1, 2
1. Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring/College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
2. Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology of Fujian Province University/College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Funds: the Basic Science and Technology Work of China2015YF111300
the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian, China2013J01083
the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian, China2015J01081
the Co-innovation Center of Innovative Crop Germplasm Development and Green Cultivation in Fujian and Taiwan, ChinaProject No. 75, 2015
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Corresponding author:LIN Ruiyu, E-mail: lrylin2004@163.com
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摘要
摘要:稻米重金属污染是人们广泛关注的严重问题，微生物钝化是阻遏环境重金属进入生物循环的有效途径之一。为了解铜绿假单胞菌对苗期水稻镉污染的缓解效应，本文以无镉处理为对照，通过添加20 μmol·L-1镉的水培试验，研究了铜绿假单胞菌、载体A（硅藻土，粒径1~3 mm）、载体B（硅藻土，粒径3~6 mm）、载体C（活性炭，比表面积1 000 m2·g-1）以及铜绿假单胞菌与载体制备的菌剂A、菌剂B和菌剂C对水稻生长、镉含量及镉积累量的影响。结果表明，20 μmol·L-1镉处理显著抑制了水稻根长、株高的生长和干物质积累，添加菌液及菌剂A、B、C后，水稻生长状况得到显著改善，总生物量比镉处理（0.523 g·株-1）提高38.5%~67.3%，以菌剂B处理的水稻生物量最高。水稻根、茎鞘、叶以及地上部镉含量显著降低，其中添加菌剂A、菌剂B、菌剂C及活性炭处理的水稻地上部镉含量分别比镉处理（101.3 mg·g-1）下降45.9%、47.9%、59.9%和59.9%，迁移系数降低16.7%、25.0%、33.3%和33.3%，富集系数减少48.1%、48.8%、58.8%和60.9%。添加活性炭、菌剂A和菌剂C处理的水稻单株镉积累量降低18.2%、9.5%和24.3%，添加菌剂B以及依次含有56.4 mL、45.3 mL、28.4 mL菌悬液的菌液A、菌液B和菌液C处理，其镉积累量依次增加15.0%、30.4%、14.9%、16.9%，说明菌株通过提高作物生物量增加了镉积累。综上，铜绿假单胞菌可显著促进镉胁迫水稻的生长，降低水稻的镉含量，抑制镉的迁移，降低水稻镉的有效性；菌剂A、B、C表现出良好的镉钝化能力，表明铜绿假单胞菌可为环境镉污染的生物修复提供新菌株。
关键词:铜绿假单胞菌/
水稻/
镉/
载体/
菌剂/
微生物钝化
Abstract:Heavy metal contamination in rice is a serious problem focused by people all over the world. Microbial passivation is considered as one of effective measures to inhibit heavy metal from environmental into the biological cycle. To investigate the mitigative effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on rice seedling exposed to cadmium stress conditions, a set of hydroponic experiments by adding 20 μmol·L-1 cadmium solution were conducted, and the treatment without added cadmium was used as control (CK). The effects of different treatments on plant growth, cadmium content and cadmium accumulation of rice were determined. The treatments included adding with different volume of bacteria suspension, bacterial carrier A (diatomite, size 1-3 mm), carrier B (diatomite, size 3-6 mm), carrier C (activated carbon, specific surface area 1 000 m2·g-1) and microbial inoculum A, B and C, which prepared by carrier A, B and C saturated with bacteria suspension, respectively. The results showed that the growth of root length, plant height and biomass of rice were significantly inhibited by treating with 20 μmol·L-1 cadmium. But, the growth of rice was promoted by adding with P. aeruginosa suspension and microbial inoculum A, B and C. In contrast to the treatment only with cadmium (0.523 g·plant-1), total biomass of rice increased by 38.5% to 67.3%, and the highest value was tested in the treatment with inoculum B. Cadmium contents in root, stem-sheath, leaf, as well as in the above parts of rice reduced in all above treatments. Under the treatments of microbial inoculum A, B, C and activated carbon, cadmium contents in above parts of rice significantly declined by 45.9%, 47.9%, 59.9% and 59.9%, the transportation factors decreased by 16.7%, 25.0%, 33.3% and 33.3%, as well the bio-concentration factors reduced by 48.1%, 48.8%, 58.8% and 60.9%, respectively. In addition, the cadmium accumulated in rice seedling reduced by 19.2%, 9.5% and 24.3% under the treatments with activated carbon, microbial inoculum A and inoculum C, respectively. While, cadmium accumulation increased by 15.0%, 30.4%, 14.8% and 16.8% under the treatments with microbial inoculum B, bacteria suspension A, B and C, which contained 56.4 mL, 45.3 mL and 28.4 mL bacteria, respectively. It meant that the bacteria promote cadmium accumulation in rice by enlarging biomass of rice. In conclusion, P. aeruginosa exhibited the capacities of promoting rice growth, reducing cadmium content, inhibiting cadmium transportation, as well as cadmium availability of rice under cadmium stress conditions. Higher cadmium passivation abilities of microbial inoculum A, B and C in this study offer us a new promising microbial strain for bio-remediation of environmental cadmium pollution.
Key words:Pseudomonas aeruginosa/
Rice/
Cadmium/
Bacteria carrier/
Bacteria inoculum/
Microbial passivation
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图1不同菌液与菌剂处理对镉胁迫下水稻的根长(A)、株高(B)和生物量(C)的影响
不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure1.Root length (A), plant height (B) and biomass (C) of rice treated with different bacterial agents under cadmium stress condition
Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level among treatments.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2不同菌液与菌剂处理对镉胁迫下水稻各部位镉含量(A)、迁移系数(B)和富集系数(C)的影响
不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure2.Cadmium contents in organs (A), transport factor (B) and biological concentration factor (C) of rice treated with different bacterial agents under cadmium stress condition
Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level among treatments.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3不同菌液与菌剂处理对镉胁迫下水稻镉积累量的影响
不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Figure3.Cd accumulation of rice treated with different bacterial agents under cadmium stress condition
Different lowercase letters mean significant differences at 0.05 level among treatments.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1水培试验各处理的镉、载体、菌液及菌剂添加量
Table1.Amounts ofCd2+, bacteria suspensions, carriers and microbial inoculum in different treatments of hydroponic experiment
| 处理 Treatment | 载体种类 Carrier type | Cd2+添加量 Cd2+ addition (μmol·L-1) | 菌液添加量1) Bacteria suspensions addition1) (mL) | 载体添加量 Carriers addition (g) |
| CK | 无No | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cd | 无No | 20 | 0 | 0 |
| Cd+FLA | 无No | 20 | 56.4 | 0 |
| Cd+FLB | 无No | 20 | 45.3 | 0 |
| Cd+FLC | 无No | 20 | 28.4 | 0 |
| Cd+SiA | 硅藻土A Diatomite A (size 1-3 mm) | 20 | 0 | 99.8 |
| Cd+SiB | 硅藻土B Diatomite B (size 3-6 mm) | 20 | 0 | 111.7 |
| Cd+AC | 活性炭Activated carbon (specific surface area 1 000 m2·g-1) | 20 | 0 | 129.7 |
| Cd+FAA | 硅藻土A Diatomite A (size 1-3 mm) | 20 | 56.4 | 99.8 |
| Cd+FAB | 硅藻土B Diatomite B (size 3-6 mm) | 20 | 45.3 | 111.7 |
| Cd+FAC | 活性炭Activated carbon (specific surface area 1 000 m2·g-1) | 20 | 28.4 | 129.7 |
| 1)菌液的浓度为3.21×107 CFU·mL-1。1) The Pseudomonas aeruginosa concentration in bacteria suspension is 3.21×107 CFU·mL-1. | ||||
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