Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Green Manure Intercropping Under Different Nitrogen Application Levels in the Oasis Irrigation Area
LI HanTing,, CHAI Qiang,, WANG QiMing, HU FaLong, YU AiZhong, ZHAO Cai, YIN Wen, FAN ZhiLong, FAN HongCollege of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University/Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070
Abstract 【Objective】 The excessive reliance on chemical fertilizers and lower water productivity have constrained maize production in continuous maize cropping. This study explored the characteristics of water consumption through intercropping maize with green manure and reducing of N fertilizer rate. The aim was to investigate the characteristics of water utilization of maize production due to intercropping green manure, so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the optimization of nitrogen reduction and water use efficiency (WUE) in maize production. 【Method】 The field experiment was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in Hexi oasis irrigation region. There were two cropping patterns, i.e. maize-green manure intercropping and sole maize (M). Two N fertilizer rates, i.e. 25% N fertilizer reduction (N1) and traditional N fertilizer application (N2), were managed. The green manure included common vetch (V) and rape (R). Water consumption characteristics and yield performance of various treatments were studied. 【Result】 Intercropping green manure did not reduce grain yield of maize even with lower N application, as no significant difference of grain yield between N1 and N2. Intercropping green manure couple with 25% N fertilizer reduction could increase soil water content at the green manure clipping and maize harvest, and the increase range of M/VN1 was the largest, which was 17.2%-18.9% and 28.6%-31.3% higher than that of sole maize under traditional N fertilizer application (MN2). Intercropping green manure couple with 25% N fertilizer reduction significantly reduced the crop water consumption. Compared with MN2, the water consumption of M/VN1 was decreased by 38.8-48.8 mm, 32.9-53.9 mm and 80.9-92.7 mm, respectively, at before green manure planting to clipping, green manure clipping to maize harvest, and the entire growing period. Intercropping green manure also improved the WUE of maize; and M/V treatment was the most prominent, which was 14.9%-15.6% higher than M treatment. Compared with N2, N1 treatments of M/R and M/V increased WUE by 3.4%-5.2% and 5.7%-6.5%, respectively; while M treatment decreased WUE by 4.0%-5.5%. Intercropping maize with green manure integrated 25% N fertilizer reduction had greater WUE, the WUE of M/VN1 was increased by 14.8%-16.8% compared with MN2. Thus, intercropping maize with common vetch integrated 25% N fertilizer reduction could effectively improve soil water content, reduce water consumption of the system, increase WUE of maize, and have high water productivity. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that intercropping green manure to substitute partial chemical fertilizer N in water limited oasis irrigation region had high water supply potential. Intercropping maize with common vetch integrated 25% N fertilizer reduction was the optimum practice. Keywords:maize-green manure intercropping;nitrogen fertilizer reduction;soil water content;yield;water use
PDF (1468KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 李含婷, 柴强, 王琦明, 胡发龙, 于爱忠, 赵财, 殷文, 樊志龙, 范虹. 绿洲灌区不同施氮水平下玉米绿肥间作模式的水分利用特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(12): 2608-2618 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.12.011 LI HanTing, CHAI Qiang, WANG QiMing, HU FaLong, YU AiZhong, ZHAO Cai, YIN Wen, FAN ZhiLong, FAN Hong. Water Use Characteristics of Maize-Green Manure Intercropping Under Different Nitrogen Application Levels in the Oasis Irrigation Area[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(12): 2608-2618 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.12.011
Table 1 表1 表1不同种植模式及施氮水平下系统的产量表现 Table 1Yields of crop system under different cropping patterns and various N level systems
种植模式 Cropping pattern
施氮水平 N fertilizer level
玉米 Maize
绿肥 Green manure
生物热能产 Energy yield (MJ·hm-2)
籽粒产量 Grain yield (kg·hm-2)
秸秆产量 Straw yield (kg·hm-2)
生物量 Biomass (kg·hm-2)
2018
2019
2018
2019
2018
2019
2018
2019
M/R
N1
14495a
14699a
16259b
16875ab
3772b
3909b
528729a
543038a
N2
14608a
14651a
16477b
16401b
4006b
4093b
537150a
538021a
M/V
N1
14881a
14953a
16553ab
16890ab
4555a
4719a
550745a
559237a
N2
14880a
14958a
17189a
17133a
4768a
4662a
563124a
562015a
M
N1
13415b
13350b
14363c
14690c
-
-
428365c
432072c
N2
14733a
14816a
17238a
17058a
-
-
491833b
490553b
显著性(P值) Significance (P value)
种植模式Cropping pattern, C
0.001
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.002
0.001
0.001
0.000
施氮水平N fertilizer level, N
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.216
0.655
0.000
0.000
种植模式×施氮水平C×N
0.000
0.008
0.006
0.000
0.952
0.401
0.000
0.003
表中同列不同小写字母表示同一年份不同处理间在0.05水平差异显著。下同 Different lowercase letters in a column in the same year represent significant differences among treatments at 0.05 level. The same as below
每一试验年份不同处理间进行统计分析。下同 Fig. 3Soil water content of green manure clipping (A) and maize harvest (B) under different cropping patterns and various N level systems
The statistical analysis was performed in each treatment in each testing year. The same as below
Table 2 表2 表2不同种植模式及施氮水平下作物各生育阶段的耗水量 (mm) Table 2Water consumption (mm) at each of growth period under different cropping patterns and various N level systems
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