Temperature and Light Adaptability of High-Quality Japonica Rice and Optimum Seeding Date in Huaibei Region
XU FangFu, BIAN JinLong, HAN Chao, CHEN ZhiQing, LIU GuoDong, XING ZhiPeng, HU YaJie, WEI HaiYan,, ZHANG HongCheng,Yangzhou University/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Industrial Engineering Research Center of High Quality Japonica Rice, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
Abstract 【Objective】The objective of the study was to elucidate the effects of different temperatures and light on the yield of high-quality japonica rice in Huaibei region.【Method】Taking medium-maturing medium japonica rice (MMMJ) Nanjing2728 and Nanjing505, late-maturing medium japonica rice (LMMJ) Nanjing9108 and Fujing1606 as experimental materials, seven seeding treatments were set on May 10 (S1), May 17 (S2), May 24 (S3), May 31 (S4), June 7 (S5), June 14 (S6) and June 21 (S7). The effects of rice yield, growth period, mean daily temperature, accumulated temperature and mean daily radiation under different seeding dates, as well as the correlation between yield and mean daily temperature, accumulated temperature and mean daily radiation were studied.【Result】(1) The yield of rice decreased significantly with the delay of seeding time, the seeding date was postponed every seven days, and the yield of MMMJ and LMMJ was reduced by 0.49 t·hm -2 and 0.63 t·hm -2, respectively. (2) With the delay of seeding time, the number of days from seeding date (SD) to stem elongation (SE), stem elongation (SE) to heading (HE) and the whole growth period showed a decreasing trend. The number days from heading (HE) to maturity (MA) showed an increasing trend, LMMJ S5-S7 could not ripen normally, and the number of days from HE to MA decreased. There was a significant positive correlation between the yield of two types of rice and the days of the whole growth period. (3) With the delay of seeding time, the mean daily temperature increased significantly from SD to SE, and decreased significantly from SE to HE, HE to MA and the whole growth period. (4) The yield of the two types of rice was negatively correlated with the mean daily temperature from SD to SE, and positively correlated with the mean daily temperature from SE to HE, HE to MA and the whole growth period. The accumulated temperature of each growth stage of two types of rice decreased with the delay of seeding time. The seeding date was postponed every seven days, the accumulated temperature in the whole growth period of MMMJ and LMMJ was reduced by 106.6℃ and 123.1℃, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the yield of the two types of rice and the accumulated temperature at each growth stage. (5) The mean daily radiation in the whole growth period decreased significantly. There was a significant positive correlation between the yield of MMMJ and the mean daily radiation from SE to HE and the whole growth period, and a positive correlation between the mean daily radiation from SD to SE and from HE to MA. There was a significant positive correlation between the yield of LMMJ and the mean daily radiation from SD to SE, and a very significant positive correlation between it and the yield of the whole growth stage, and a positive correlation between it and the mean daily radiation amount from SE to HE and from HE to MA.【Conclusion】In Huaibei region, the rice yield was more sensitive to temperature than light. The higher the accumulated temperature at each growth stage was, the higher rice yield achieved. In order to ensure the safety and maturity of the two types of high-quality japonica rice, MMMJ and LMMJ should be sown before June 14 and May 31, respectively. When the seeding date was from May 10 to May 24, the two types of high-quality japonica rice yield could be higher. Keywords:Huaibei region;high-quality japonica rice;yield;temperature and light resources
PDF (752KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 许方甫, 卞金龙, 韩超, 陈志青, 刘国栋, 邢志鹏, 胡雅杰, 魏海燕, 张洪程. 淮北地区优质食味粳稻温光适应性和最佳播种期[J]. 中国农业科学, 2021, 54(7): 1365-1381 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.07.005 XU FangFu, BIAN JinLong, HAN Chao, CHEN ZhiQing, LIU GuoDong, XING ZhiPeng, HU YaJie, WEI HaiYan, ZHANG HongCheng. Temperature and Light Adaptability of High-Quality Japonica Rice and Optimum Seeding Date in Huaibei Region[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2021, 54(7): 1365-1381 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2021.07.005
Fig. 1Mean temperature, sunshine hours, and actual precipitation during the rice growing seasons in 2017 and 2018
Table 1 表1 表1不同播期处理下水稻拔节期、抽穗期和成熟期 Table 1Date of stem elongation, heading, and maturity of rice under seeding date (M-D)
品种 Variety
处理 Treatment
2017
2018
拔节期 Stem elongation
抽穗期 Heading
成熟期 Maturity
拔节期 Stem elongation
抽穗期 Heading
成熟期 Maturity
南粳2728 Nanjing2728
S1
07-16
08-19
10-14
07-18
08-20
10-12
S2
07-21
08-23
10-19
07-23
08-24
10-16
S3
07-26
08-27
10-24
07-28
08-28
10-21
S4
07-31
08-31
10-28
08-02
08-31
10-25
S5
08-04
09-02
10-31
08-06
09-03
10-29
S6
08-08
09-04
11-06
08-10
09-05
10-31
S7
08-11
09-06
—
08-13
09-07
—
南粳505 Nanjing505
S1
07-16
08-20
10-15
07-18
08-21
10-14
S2
07-21
08-24
10-19
07-23
08-25
10-18
S3
07-26
08-28
10-23
07-28
08-29
10-22
S4
07-31
08-31
10-27
08-02
09-01
10-26
S5
08-04
09-03
10-30
08-06
09-04
10-29
S6
08-08
09-05
11-06
08-10
09-06
11-01
S7
08-11
09-07
—
08-13
09-08
—
南粳9108 Nanjing9108
S1
07-19
08-24
10-20
07-21
08-25
10-19
S2
07-24
08-29
10-25
07-26
08-29
10-23
S3
07-29
09-02
10-29
07-31
09-02
10-27
S4
08-03
09-06
11-02
08-05
09-06
10-31
S5
08-06
09-09
—
08-08
09-09
—
S6
08-12
09-11
—
08-14
09-11
—
S7
08-15
09-13
—
08-17
09-13
—
福粳1606 Fujing1606
S1
07-23
08-29
10-24
07-25
08-29
10-23
S2
07-28
09-03
10-29
07-30
09-02
10-28
S3
08-02
09-07
11-02
08-04
09-05
10-31
S4
08-07
09-10
11-06
08-08
09-08
11-05
S5
08-11
09-12
—
08-12
09-11
—
S6
08-15
09-14
—
08-17
09-13
—
S7
08-18
09-16
—
08-20
09-15
—
“—”表示此播期未能完全成熟;2017年和2018年的生育期天数分别以11月5日和11月6日(收获日期)为截止日期进行计算 “-” shows this cultivar can not mature in this seeding period, the number of days of growth in 2017 and 2018 is calculated as November 5 and November 6 (harvest date), respectively
Table 3 表3 表3不同播期处理下水稻产量差异 Table 3The yield difference between the two fertility types of rice varieties at seven sowing dates in 2017 and 2018 (t·hm-2)
年度 Year
处理 Treatment
中熟中粳 MMMJ
迟熟中粳 LMMJ
南粳2728 Nanjing2728
南粳505 Nanjing505
南粳9108 Nanjing9108
福粳1606 Fujing1606
2017
S1
9.70a
9.65a
10.07a
10.02a
S2
9.59a
9.41a
9.86ab
9.82b
S3
9.14b
9.13b
9.32b
9.23c
S4
8.73c
8.63c
8.88c
8.59d
S5
8.15d
7.95d
8.06d
7.67e
S6
7.45e
7.34e
6.94e
6.99f
S7
6.81f
6.77f
6.38f
6.19g
均值 Mean
8.51
8.41
8.50
8.36
2018
S1
9.95a
9.75a
10.18a
10.22a
S2
9.64a
9.49ab
9.92ab
9.92b
S3
9.29b
9.16b
9.58b
9.35c
S4
8.81c
8.69c
8.95c
8.69d
S5
8.32d
8.02d
8.08d
7.79e
S6
7.62e
7.67e
7.04e
7.09f
S7
6.93f
6.84f
6.55f
6.36g
均值 Mean
8.65
8.52
8.61
8.49
年度(Y)
**
类型(T)
NS
播期(S)
**
年度×类型(Y×T)
NS
年度×播期(Y×S)
NS
类型×播期(T×S)
**
年度×类型×播期(Y×T×S)
NS
不同小写字母的数值在0.05水平上差异显著。*和**分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上差异显著,NS表示差异不显著。Y:年度;T:类型;S:播期。MMMJ:中熟中粳;LMMJ:迟熟中粳。下同 Values followed by different letters are significantly different at 0.05 probability level. * and ** were significant at P=0.05 and P=0.01, respectively, “NS” is not significant at P=0.05. Y: Year; T: Type; S: Seeding date. MMMJ: Medium-maturing medium japonica rice; LMMJ: Late-maturing medium japonica rice. The same as below
Table 4 表4 表4不同播期处理下主要生育阶段天数的差异 Table 4Number of days in the main fertility stage difference between the two fertility types of rice varieties at seven sowing dates in 2017 and 2018 (d)
类型 Type
品种 Variety
处理 Treatment
播种-拔节 SD-SE
拔节-抽穗 SE-HE
抽穗-成熟 HE-MA
全生育期 SD-MA
2017
2018
2017
2018
2017
2018
2017
2018
中熟中粳 MMMJ
南粳2728 Nanjing2728
S1
67
69
34
33
57
54
158
156
S2
65
67
33
32
58
54
156
153
S3
63
65
32
31
59
55
154
151
S4
61
63
31
29
59
56
151
148
S5
58
60
29
28
60
57
147
145
S6
55
57
27
26
64
57
146
140
S7
51
53
26
25
62
60
139
138
均值Mean
60
62
30
29
60
56
150
147
南粳505 Nanjing505
S1
67
69
35
34
57
55
159
158
S2
65
67
34
33
57
55
156
155
S3
63
65
33
32
57
55
153
152
S4
61
63
31
30
58
56
150
149
S5
58
60
30
29
58
56
146
145
S6
55
57
28
27
63
57
146
141
S7
51
53
27
26
61
59
139
138
均值Mean
60
62
31
30
59
56
150
148
迟熟中粳 LMMJ
南粳9108 Nanjing9108
S1
70
72
36
35
58
56
164
163
S2
68
70
36
34
58
56
162
160
S3
66
68
35
33
58
56
159
157
S4
64
66
34
32
58
56
156
154
S5
60
62
34
32
59
58
153
152
S6
59
61
30
28
57
56
146
145
S7
55
57
29
27
55
54
139
138
均值Mean
63
65
33
32
58
56
154
153
福粳1606 Fujing1606
S1
74
76
37
35
57
56
168
167
S2
72
73
37
34
57
57
166
164
S3
70
72
36
32
57
57
163
161
S4
68
69
34
31
58
59
160
159
S5
65
66
32
30
56
56
153
152
S6
62
64
30
27
54
54
146
145
S7
58
61
29
26
52
52
139
139
均值Mean
67
69
34
31
56
56
156
155
SD:播种;SE:拔节;HE;抽穗;MA:成熟。下同 SD: Seeding date; SE: Stem elongation; HE: Heading; MA: Maturity. The same as below
Table 5 表5 表5不同播期处理下主要生育阶段水稻日均温度的差异 Table 5Mean daily temperature in the main fertility stage difference between the two fertility types of rice varieties at seven sowing dates in 2017 and 2018 (℃)
Table 6 表6 表6不同播期处理下主要生育阶段水稻积温的差异 Table 6Accumulated temperature in the main fertility stage difference between the two fertility types of rice varieties at seven sowing dates in 2017 and 2018 (℃)
Table 7 表7 表7不同播期处理下主要生育阶段水稻日均辐射量的差异 Table 7Mean daily radiation in the main fertility stage difference between the two fertility types of rice varieties at seven sowing dates in 2017 and 2018 (MJ·m-2·d-1)
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