Effects of Photoperiod Changes on Morphological Characters and Young Panicle Development in Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.)
DONG Ming1, JIANG YanMiao1, LI HaiQuan1, GENG LingLing1, LIU JianYe2, QIAO ZhiHong2, LIU GuoQing,11Institute of Millet Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences/The Key Minor Cereal Crops Laboratory of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050035 2Yuxian Agricultural and Rural Burea of Hebei Province, Yuxian 075700, Hebei
Abstract 【Objective】 Proso millet is a typical short-day crop that is extremely sensitive to photoperiod changes which limits the geographical adaptation of proso millet varieties. In the present study, the important agronomic traits have been characterized and young panicle development has been observed under both short-day and long-day conditions, which may help better understand reaction mechanism to photoperiod changes and support widely adaptable va riety breeding in proso millet. 【Method】A landrace “Erzigan” was planted in pots under a 18h day light condition, then transferred to a 12h day light condition after 0 day (CK), 10, 15, 20 and 25 days of seedling emergency, each treatment was replicated three times. The main plant characters including heading time, plant height, stem diameter, panicle length, dry panicle weight and dry grain weight per panicle were measured and young panicle development was observed and photographed by using stereo microscope. 【Result】 Plants grown for 25 days under long-day conditions had a plant height of 115.6 cm and a single panicle grain weight of 0.647 g, which was 109.0% and 472.6% higher than the control, respectively. The dry matter accumulation of stem, leaves and ears increased by 416.7%, 142.9% and 412.0%, respectively, comparing with the control. However, the difference in dry matter weight of each organ between the 25d and 20d treatments was not significant. Under the condition of 18 hours day light, the growing point of the stem tip of the proso millet kept in the unstretched period, which meant the plants were at vegetative growth stage without reproductive growing. After 5 days growing under short-day light conditions, the plants began reproductive growth, and the young panicles started to differentiate. The process of young panicle development could be classified into 7 stages including unstretched stage, growing point elongation stage, ear branch differentiation stage, spikelet differentiation stage, floret differentiation stage, pistil and stamen differentiation stage, and pollen grain formation stage. The whole process of young panicle development could last about 15 days before heading, which was not affected by the prolonged light period treatments at early growing stage. 【Conclusion】Artificially prolonging the light period under short day conditions could extend vegetative growth period and was in favor of dry matter accumulation, which can significantly increase the biomass and yielding of proso millet. Short-day conditions promote the transformation of proso millet from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. The whole process of young panicle development could be classified into seven stages, which could last about 15 days before heading and was not affected by all the five treatments at early growing stage. Keywords:proso millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.);photoperiod response;morphological characters;young panicle development
PDF (1974KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 本文引用格式 董明, 降彦苗, 李海权, 耿玲玲, 刘建烨, 乔志红, 刘国庆. 光周期变化对糜子形态建成及幼穗发育进程的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(6): 1118-1125 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.06.004 DONG Ming, JIANG YanMiao, LI HaiQuan, GENG LingLing, LIU JianYe, QIAO ZhiHong, LIU GuoQing. Effects of Photoperiod Changes on Morphological Characters and Young Panicle Development in Proso Millet (Panicum Miliaceum L.)[J]. Scientia Acricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(6): 1118-1125 doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.06.004
Table 1 表1 表1延长光照时间对糜子生物产量的影响 Table 1The effects of increasing day-length on biomass of proso millet
处理 Treatments
长日照天数 Long day duration
茎重 Stem weight (g)
叶重 Leaf weight (g)
穗重 Spike weight (g)
生物量 Biomass (g)
单穗粒重 Grain weight per spike (g)
CK
0
0.24±0.05aA
0.14±0.07aA
0.25±0.04aA
0.63±0.07aA
0.11±0.02aA
LD10
10
0.77±0.24bB
0.23±0.05bAB
0.83±0.12bB
1.83±0.38bB
0.39±0.03bB
LD15
15
0.93±0.04bBC
0.29±0.05bcBC
0.92±0.11bBC
2.15±0.12bBC
0.44±0.02bB
LD20
20
1.19±0.08cC
0.32±0.0cBC
1.14±0.09cCD
2.65±0.08cCD
0.57±0.02cC
LD25
25
1.24±0.08cC
0.34±0.03cC
1.28±0.06cD
2.86±0.12cD
0.65±0.02cC
Different lowercase letters after the same data column indicate a significant difference at a 5% level between different treatments; Capital letters indicate a significant difference at a 1% level between different treatments 同列数据后不同小写字母表示处理间差异达5%显著水平;同列数据后不同大写字母表示处理间差异达1%显著水平
不同小写字母表示处理间差异达5%显著水平;不同大写字母表示处理间差异达1%显著水平 Fig. 1The effects of increasing day length on plant morphological characters of proso millet
Different lowercase letters after the same data column indicate a significant difference at a 5% level between different treatments; Capital letters indicate a significant difference at a 1% level between different treatments
A:出苗后7 d,生长点伸长期;B:出苗后8 d,穗枝梗原基分化期,一级枝梗原基分化;C:出苗后9 d,穗枝梗原基分化期,二级枝梗原基分化;D:出苗后12 d,小穗原基分化期,出现护颖原基;E:出苗后13 d,小花原基分化期,第一朵小花分化;F:出苗后14 d,小花原基分化期,第二朵小花分化;G:出苗后17 d,雌雄蕊原基分化期,花粉母细胞形成;H:出苗后18 d,雌雄蕊原基分化期,花粉母细胞减数分裂;I:出苗后21 d,花粉粒形成期 Fig. 2The development process of panicles under short-day condition
A: 7 DAE (days after seedling emergence). Elongation period of growth point; B: 8 DAE. Differentiation stage of panicle branch primordia, primordia differentiation of primary branches; C: 9DAE. Differentiation stage of panicle branch primordia, primordia differentiation of secondary branches; D:12 DAE. Spikelet primordia differentiation period, glume protection primordia appeared; E: 13 DAE. Spikelet primordia differentiation period, differentiation of the first floret; F: 14 DAE. Spikelet primordia differentiation period, differentiation of the second floret; G: 17 DAE. Pistil and stamen primordium differentiation stage, pollen mother cell formation; H:18 DAE. Pistil and stamen primordium differentiation stage, meiosis of pollen mother cells; I: 21 DAE. Pollen grain formation stage
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