关键词:秸秆全量还田; 氮肥运筹; 优质食味水稻; 产量; 稻米品质 Effects of Total Straw Returning and Nitrogen Application Regime on Grain Yield and Quality in Mechanical Transplanting Japonica Rice with Good Taste Quality CHEN Meng-Yun, LI Xiao-Feng, CHENG Jin-Qiu, REN Hong-Ru, LIANG Jian, ZHANG Hong-Cheng, HUO Zhong-Yang* Innovation Center of Rice Cultivation Technology in Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture / Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou 225009, China Fund:This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFD0200805, 2013BAD07B09), the Three New Agriculture Project of Jiangsu Province (SXGC[2016]421, BE2016351, BE2016364), and Research on Agricultural Science and Technology in Jiangsu (BE2015340) AbstractAn experiment was conducted using two rice cultivars with good taste quality grown in Jiangsu, Nanjing 5055 and Nanjing 46, with total pure nitrogen application of 300 kg ha-1, including six proportions of base-tiller nitrogen fertilizer to earing fertilizer at 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6, to explore the influence of total straw returning and different nitrogen applications on the yield and quality of rice. Compared with non-application of straw, the total straw returning application had a significant yield-increasing effect showing the average yield increase of 5.04% in Nanjing 5055 and in 4.64% Nanjing 46. With the decrease of proportion of base-tiller nitrogen fertilizer in total nitrogen application rate, yield of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with total straw returning showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the treatment with the ratio of base-tiller nitrogen fertilizer to earing nitrogen fertilizer of 7:3 had the highest yield. The treatment with total straw returning significantly increased the protein content of rice, deceased chalkiness rate and chalkiness degree, increased the ratio of length to width of kernel, therefore improved appearance quality and nutritional quality of rice. The treatment total straw returning was also conducive to the improvement of cooking and eating quality, showing significantly improved breakdown value and taste value, and reduced setback value. Increasing the ratio of panicle fertilizer to total N significantly improved the processing and nutritional quality of rice, improved the whole milled rice rate, but at the same time increased the rice chalkiness, reduced the appearance quality, and cooking and eating quality of rice also.
Keyword:Total straw returning; Nitrogen application; Good taste quality rice; Yield; Rice quality Show Figures Show Figures
表1 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下南粳5055产量的方差分析 Table 1 Analysis of variance of Nanjing 5055 yield under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
变异来源 Source of variation
自由度 Degree of freedom
平方和 Sum of squares
均方 Meansquare
F值 Computed F
F0.05
F0.01
区组 Replication
1
5323.50
5323.50
219.62* *
4.21
7.68
处理间 Treatment
27
489346.90
18123.96
747.70* *
1.91
2.51
年度间 Year (Y)
1
2749.60
2749.60
113.43* *
4.21
7.68
秸秆处理(A)
1
9375.81
9375.81
386.80* *
4.21
7.68
氮肥运筹比例(B)
6
465791.80
77631.96
3202.69* *
2.46
3.56
Y× A
1
102.06
102.06
4.20 ns
4.21
7.68
Y× B
6
197.83
32.97
1.36 ns
2.46
3.56
A× B
6
11086.48
1847.75
76.23* *
2.46
3.56
Y× A× B
6
43.38
7.23
0.30 ns
2.46
3.56
误差 Error
27
654.47
24.24
总变异 Total
55
495324.90
* and * * mean significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. ns: not significant. Y: year; A: straw treatment; B: nitrogen application practice. * , * * 分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上差异显著, ns表示差异不显著(P> 0.05)。
表1 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下南粳5055产量的方差分析 Table 1 Analysis of variance of Nanjing 5055 yield under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
表2 Table 2 表2(Table 2)
表2 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下南粳46产量的方差分析 Table 2 Analysis of variance of Nanjing 46 yield under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
变异来源 Source of variation
自由度 Degree of freedom
平方和 Sum of squares
均方 Mean square
F值 Computed F
F0.05
F0.01
区组 Replication
1
4959.45
4959.45
117.77* *
4.21
7.68
处理间 Treatment
27
327303.90
12122.37
287.86* *
1.91
2.51
年度间 Year (Y)
1
2439.62
2439.62
57.93* *
4.21
7.68
秸秆处理(A)
1
6065.70
6065.70
144.04* *
4.21
7.68
氮肥运筹比例(B)
6
311871.40
51978.56
1234.30* *
2.46
3.56
Y× A
1
0.40
0.40
0.01 ns
4.21
7.68
Y× B
6
136.50
22.75
0.54 ns
2.46
3.56
A× B
6
6737.39
1122.90
26.66* *
2.46
3.56
Y× A× B
6
52.91
8.82
0.21ns
2.46
3.56
误差 Error
27
1137.02
42.11
总变异 Total
55
333400.40
* and * * mean significance at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. ns: not significant. Y: year; A: straw treatment; B: nitrogen application practice. * , * * 分别表示在0.05和0.01水平上差异显著, ns表示差异不显著(P> 0.05)
表2 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下南粳46产量的方差分析 Table 2 Analysis of variance of Nanjing 46 yield under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
表3 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的产量 Table 3 Yield of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications (kg hm-2)
品种 Cultivar
处理 Treatment
2015
2014
理论产量 Theoretic yield
实际产量 Actual yield
理论产量 Theoretic yield
实际产量 Actual yield
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
秸秆全量还田 Total straw returning
9:1
10018.3 DEfg
9586.7 DEfg
9802.4 Ef
9361.80 Ef
8:2
10909.2 Bc
10511.4 Bc
10703.3 Bb
10301.48 Bb
7:3
11790.7 Aa
11377.1 Aa
11415.3 Aa
11002.16 Aa
6:4
11067.1 Bb
10704.1 Bb
10773.4 Bb
10374.18 Bb
5:5
10212.7 De
9819.8 De
10016.5 Dd
9609.82 Dd
4:6
9516.1 Fh
9164.9 Fh
9283.0 Gh
8909.93 Gh
对照 CK
6559.5 H
6231.6 H
6407.3 H
6081.64 H
平均 Mean
10010.54
9627.99
9771.64
9377.29
秸秆不还田 None straw returning
9:1
9734.6 Fh
9295.4 Fh
9525.5 Fg
9130.46 Fg
8:2
10190.8 DEef
9751.9 DEef
9893.2 DEde
9541.95 DEde
7:3
10403.7 Cd
10112.8 Cd
10240.8 Cc
9842.80 Cc
6:4
10833.5 Bc
10471.8 Bc
10658.3 Bb
10306.86 Bb
5:5
9984.3 Eg
9547.6 Eg
9710.0 DEef
9397.67 DEef
4:6
9216.1 G
8824.5 G
9072.1 G
8704.50 G
对照 CK
6707.5 H
6391.0 H
6587.5 H
6283.02 H
平均 Mean
9581.54
9199.32
9383.96
9029.61
南粳46 Nanjing 46
秸秆全量还田 Total straw returning
9:1
9002.0 DEe
8590.3 DEe
8816.8 DEef
8403.93 DEef
8:2
9658.3 Bc
9271.4 Bc
9432.5 Bc
9069.18 Bc
7:3
10348.8 Aa
9924.6 Aa
10147.1 Aa
9726.30 Aa
6:4
9918.2 Bb
9495.6 Bb
9671.4 Bb
9324.90 Bb
5:5
9174.7 CDe
8759.4 CDe
8941.1 CDde
8608.80 CDde
4:6
8678.1 FGg
8276.8 FGg
8464.4 Eg
8126.73 Eg
对照 CK
6179.5 H
5882.7 H
5922.6 G
5572.68 G
平均 Mean
8994.26
8600.16
8770.91
8404.65
品种 Cultivar
处理 Treatment
2015
2014
理论产量 Theoretic yield
实际产量 Actual yield
理论产量 Theoretic yield
实际产量 Actual yield
南粳46 Nanjing 46
秸秆不还田 None straw returning
9:1
8753.5 EFfg
8377.3 EFfg
8584.2 Eg
8169.30 Eg
8:2
9081.7 CDe
8727.5 CDe
8895.0 CDdef
8547.81 CDdef
7:3
9391.7 Cd
8986.8 Cd
9092.9 Cd
8764.88 Cd
6:4
9687.4 Bc
9290.1 Bc
9534.5 Bbc
9205.20 Bbc
5:5
8896.4 DEFef
8558.1 DEFef
8715.5 DEf
8380.95 DEf
4:6
8374.5 Gh
8035.9 Gh
8132.4 Fh
7772.28 Fh
对照 CK
6350.4 H
6064.3 H
6111.8 G
5788.68 G
平均 Mean
8648.01
8291.47
8438.11
8089.87
Values followed by different lowercase and capital letters with in a column and a cultivar are significantly different at the 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. 同一品种同列数据后不同小、大写字母分别表示处理间差异达5%和1%显著水平。
表3 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的产量 Table 3 Yield of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications (kg hm-2)
表4 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下优质食味稻南粳5055主要稻米品质的方差分析 Table 4 Analysis of variance of main rice quality characteristics in Nanjing 5055 under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
变异来源 Source of variation
年份 (A)
秸秆处理 (B)
氮肥运筹比例 (C)
A× B
A× C
B× C
A× B× C
自由度 df
1
1
6
1
6
6
6
糙米率 BR
899.58* *
3.06 ns
523.83* *
0.12 ns
0.13 ns
0.09 ns
0.08 ns
精米率 MR
397.50* *
3.46 ns
498.44* *
0.05 ns
0.11 ns
0.11 ns
0.03 ns
整精米率 HMR
380.64* *
3.50 ns
603.03* *
0.41 ns
0.62 ns
0.77 ns
0.45 ns
垩白率 CP
2909.84* *
4595.34* *
1789.13* *
602.44* *
11.44* *
16.13* *
2.01 ns
垩白大小 CA
5531.88* *
3790.95* *
2987.22* *
805.87* *
21.71* *
3.72* *
0.77 ns
垩白度 CD
1742.57* *
8250.38* *
3163.12* *
285.08* *
18.34* *
28.15* *
0.66 ns
直链淀粉含量 AC
3379.68* *
3.83 ns
1782.59* *
0.02 ns
0.37 ns
1.63 ns
0.03 ns
蛋白质含量 PC
838.70* *
3248.64* *
1496.75* *
0.24 ns
0.19 ns
0.15 ns
0.11 ns
胶稠度 GC
3567.57* *
2.31 ns
1264.97* *
0.94 ns
0.26 ns
0.05 ns
0.02
F0.05
4.21
4.21
2.46
4.21
2.46
2.46
2.46
F0.01
7.68
7.68
3.56
7.68
3.56
3.56
3.56
* and * * mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. ns: no significant difference. A: year; B:straw treatments C: ratio of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer; BR: brown rice rate; MR: milled rice rate; HMR: head milled rice rate; CP: chalkiness percentage; CA: chalkiness area; CD: chalkiness degree; AC: amylose content; PC: protein content; GC: gel consistency. * , * * 分别表示在0.05 和0.01 水平上差异显著, ns表示差异不显著(P> 0.05)。
表4 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下优质食味稻南粳5055主要稻米品质的方差分析 Table 4 Analysis of variance of main rice quality characteristics in Nanjing 5055 under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
表5 Table 5 表5(Table 5)
表5 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下优质食味稻南粳46主要稻米品质的方差分析 Table 5 Analysis of variance of main rice quality characteristics in Nanjing 46 under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
变异来源 Source of variation
年份 (A)
秸秆处理 (B)
氮肥运筹比例 (C)
A× B
A× C
B× C
A× B× C
自由度 df
1
1
6
1
6
6
6
糙米率 BR
611.71* *
2.82 ns
429.54* *
0.11 ns
0.11 ns
0.08 ns
0.06 ns
精米率 MR
337.88* *
3.18 ns
408.72* *
0.05 ns
0.12 ns
0.11 ns
0.02 ns
整精米率 HMR
285.48* *
3.22 ns
494.48* *
0.39 ns
0.60 ns
0.75 ns
0.44 ns
垩白率 CP
1978.69* *
3446.51* *
1341.85* *
543.70* *
10.24* *
14.03* *
1.82 ns
垩白大小 CA
3872.32* *
2843.21* *
2240.42* *
727.30* *
18.62* *
4.42* *
0.73 ns
垩白度 CD
1306.93* *
6187.79* *
2850.92* *
257.28* *
16.30* *
25.26* *
0.62 ns
直链淀粉 AC
2298.18* *
3.14 ns
1550.85* *
0.02 ns
0.34 ns
1.42 ns
0.04 ns
蛋白质 PC
687.73* *
2663.88* *
1302.17* *
0.22 ns
0.18 ns
0.14 ns
0.11 ns
胶稠度 GC
2675.68* *
2.13 ns
1080.52* *
0.84 ns
0.24 ns
0.04 ns
0.02 ns
F0.05
4.21
4.21
2.46
4.21
2.46
2.46
2.46
F0.01
7.68
7.68
3.56
7.68
3.56
3.56
3.56
* and * * mean significant difference at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. ns: no significant difference. A: year; B:straw treatments; C: ratio of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer; BR: brown rice rate; MR: milled rice rate; HMR: head milled rice rate; CP: chalkiness percentage; CA: chalkiness area; CD: chalkiness degree; AC: amylose content; PC: protein content; GC: gel consistency. * , * * 分别表示在0.05 和0.01 水平上差异显著, ns表示差异不显著(P> 0.05)。
表5 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹条件下优质食味稻南粳46主要稻米品质的方差分析 Table 5 Analysis of variance of main rice quality characteristics in Nanjing 46 under the condition of wheat residue and nitrogen fertilizer application
表6 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的加工品质以及蒸煮食味和营养品质 Table 6 Processing quality, cooking and eating and nutritional quality of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
品种 Cultivar
处理 Treatment
糙米率 BR (%)
精米率 MR (%)
整精米率 HMR (%)
蛋白质含量 PC (%)
直链淀粉含量 AC (%)
胶稠度 GC (mm)
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
秸秆全 量还田 Total straw returning
9:1
85.74 eGH
75.34 hG
72.03 hF
8.51 fG
13.15 cdCD
83.42 cB
8:2
86.28 dEF
75.98 gEF
72.84 fDE
8.67 eF
12.91 efEF
82.45 dC
7:3
86.78 cD
76.29 efDE
73.11 eD
8.92 dE
12.67 ghGH
80.39 eD
6:4
86.96 cCD
76.72 dC
73.76 cC
9.13 cBC
12.45 HI
78.68 gFG
5:5
87.42 bB
77.35 bcAB
74.60 abAB
9.27 bAB
12.27
78.13 hG
4:6
87.97 aA
77.68 aA
74.74 aA
9.39 aA
12.15
76.81 H
对照 CK
84.59 f
74.60 H
69.66 G
7.47 h
15.21 bB
86.1 aA
平均 Mean
86.53
76.28
72.96
8.77
12.97
80.85
秸秆 不还田 None straw returning
9:1
85.63 eGH
75.22 hG
71.79 f
8.26 gH
13.28 cC
83.25 cB
8:2
86.12 dFG
75.85 gF
72.64 gE
8.41 fG
13.02 deDE
82.31 dC
7:3
86.66 cDE
76.12 fgEF
72.93 fDE
8.65 eF
12.77 fgFG
80.55 eD
6:4
86.79 cD
76.56 deCD
73.57 dC
8.88 dDE
12.53 hiHI
79.62 fE
5:5
87.27 bBC
77.21 cB
74.43 bB
9.01 cCD
12.36
79.05 gEF
4:6
87.88 aA
77.59 abAB
74.61 abAB
9.14 bBC
12.22
76.89 H
对照 CK
84.51 f
74.51 H
69.58 G
7.25
15.48 aA
85.53 bA
平均 Mean
86.41
76.15
72.79
8.51
13.09
81.03
品种 Cultivar
处理 Treatment
糙米率 BR (%)
精米率 MR (%)
整精米率 HMR (%)
蛋白质含量 PC (%)
直链淀粉含量 AC (%)
胶稠度 GC (mm)
南粳46 Nanjing 46
秸秆全 量还田 Total straw returning
9:1
85.90 GHg
75.70 G
70.41 gF
8.19 gH
14.49 cdCD
82.03 cC
8:2
86.41 EFef
76.11 ghEF
71.34 eE
8.36 fG
14.21 eE
81.05 dDE
7:3
86.72 CDEcde
76.42 efCDE
72.12 dCD
8.59 eDE
13.85 fgFG
80.36 efEF
6:4
86.92 cBCD
76.81 cdBC
72.58 cB
8.70 cdCD
13.61 hiGHI
78.84 gHI
5:5
87.06 bcABC
77.22 abA
73.46 abA
8.84 bAB
13.36
78.12 h
4:6
87.47 aA
77.44 aA
73.63 aA
8.96 aA
13.13
76.51
对照 CK
84.39 h
74.50 H
69.36 hG
7.22
16.32 bB
85.62 aA
平均 Mean
86.41
76.31
71.84
8.41
14.14
80.36
秸秆 不还田 None straw returning
9:1
85.72 Hg
75.59 G
70.17 gF
7.94 h
14.61 cC
81.78 cCD
8:2
86.25 FGf
75.98 hFG
71.06 fE
8.12 gH
14.32 deDE
80.61 deEF
7:3
86.54 DEFdef
76.28 fgDEF
71.89 dD
8.33 fFG
13.93 fF
80.02 fFG
6:4
86.82 CDEcd
76.67 deBCD
72.43 cBC
8.42 eEF
13.71 ghFGH
79.35 gGH
5:5
86.97 cBCD
77.06 bcAB
73.27 bA
8.58 dCD
13.45 HI
78.82 gHI
4:6
87.34 abAB
77.30 abA
73.52 abA
8.68 bcBC
13.23
76.69
对照 CK
84.32 h
74.45 H
69.03 G
6.98
16.61 aA
84.12 bB
平均 Mean
86.28
76.19
71.62
8.15
14.27
80.20
Values followed by different lowercase and capital letters with in a column and a cultivar are significantly different at the 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. BR: brown rice rate; MR: milled rice rate; HMR: head milled rice rate; PC: protein content; AC: amylose content; GC: gel consistency. 同一品种同列数据后不同小、大写字母分别表示处理间差异达5%和1%显著水平。
表6 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的加工品质以及蒸煮食味和营养品质 Table 6 Processing quality, cooking and eating and nutritional quality of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
表7 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的外观品质 Table 7 Appearance quality of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
品种 Cultivar
处理 Treatment
垩白率 CP (%)
垩白大小 CA(%)
垩白度 CD (%)
长 KL (mm)
宽 KW (mm)
长/宽 L/W
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
秸秆全 量还田 Total straw returning
9:1
13.36 hH
17.48 G
2.34 hG
4.67 cdCD
2.94 cdBC
1.59 abcAB
8:2
13.87 eE
17.91 hFG
2.48 gF
4.70 bBC
2.94 cdBC
1.60 abAB
7:3
14.98 cC
19.17 fD
2.87 cC
4.75 aA
2.96 abcAB
1.61 aA
6:4
14.56 dD
19.60 eCD
2.85 cdC
4.75 aA
2.96 abcAB
1.60 abAB
5:5
13.86 eE
20.06 dBC
2.78 deCD
4.69 bcCD
2.95 bcABC
1.59 abcAB
4:6
13.24 fF
20.44 cB
2.71 eDE
4.67 cdCD
2.94 cdBC
1.59 abcAB
对照 CK
9.05 hH
12.01
1.09
4.60 eE
2.92 dC
1.58 bcAB
平均 Mean
13.27
18.10
2.45
4.66
2.94
1.59
秸秆不还田 None straw returning
9:1
15.83 dD
18.02 hF
2.85 deD
4.66 dD
2.94 cdBC
1.58 bcAB
8:2
16.28 cC
18.57 gE
3.02 cC
4.69 bcCD
2.94 cdBC
1.59 abcAB
7:3
16.86 bB
19.85 deC
3.35 bB
4.73 aAB
2.97 abAB
1.59 abcAB
6:4
17.49 aA
20.51 cB
3.59 aA
4.75 aA
2.98 aA
1.59 abcAB
5:5
16.15 cCD
21.02 bA
3.39 bB
4.67 cdCD
2.96 abcAB
1.58 bcAB
4:6
15.76 dD
21.38 aA
3.37 bB
4.66 dD
2.95 bcABC
1.58 bcAB
对照 CK
11.48
12.56 H
1.44 H
4.58 eE
2.92 dC
1.57 cB
平均 Mean
15.69
18.84
3.00
4.68
2.95
1.58
南粳46 Nanjing 46
秸秆全 量还田 Total straw returning
9:1
20.04 hH
18.46 hH
3.70 hF
4.85 efDE
2.91 bcdABC
1.67 abcAB
8:2
20.53 gG
19.02 gG
3.90 gE
4.88 cdCD
2.91 bcdABC
1.68 abAB
7:3
21.75 dD
20.39 eE
4.43 cC
4.94 aA
2.93 abAB
1.69 aA
6:4
21.36 efEF
20.61 deDE
4.40 cdCD
4.93 aAB
2.94 abA
1.68 abAB
5:5
20.60 gG
21.09 cBC
4.34 cdeCD
4.88 cdCD
2.93 abAB
1.67 abcAB
4:6
20.06 hH
21.36 cB
4.28 deCD
4.86 defDE
2.92 abcABC
1.67 abcAB
对照 CK
15.02
12.04
1.81 G
4.79 gF
2.88 dC
1.66 bcAB
平均 Mean
19.91
19.00
3.84
4.88
2.92
1.67
秸秆 不还田 None straw returning
9:1
22.67 eE
19.29 fG
4.37 efD
4.84 fE
2.92 abcABC
1.66 bcAB
8:2
23.08 dD
19.87 fF
4.59 dC
4.87 deCDE
2.92 abcABC
1.67 abcAB
7:3
24.13 bB
20.97 cD
5.06 cB
4.90 bcBC
2.94 abA
1.67 abcAB
6:4
24.83 aA
21.46 bB
5.33 aA
4.92 abAB
2.95 aA
1.67 abcAB
5:5
23.63 cC
22.07 aA
5.22 abAB
4.86 defDE
2.93 abAB
1.66 bcAB
4:6
23.02 dD
22.25 aA
5.12 bcB
4.86 defDE
2.92 abcABC
1.66 bcAB
对照 CK
17.65
12.36
2.18 G
4.78 gF
2.89 cdBC
1.65 cB
平均 Mean
17.65
19.75
4.56
4.86
2.92
1.66
Values followed by different lowercase and capital letters with in a column and a variety are significantlydifferent at the 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. CP: chalkiness percentage; CA: chalkiness area; CD: chalkiness degree; KL: kernel length; KW: kernel width; L/W: ratio of length/width of kernel. 同一品种同列数据后不同小、大写字母分别表示处理间差异达5%和1%显著水平。
表7 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的外观品质 Table 7 Appearance quality of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
表8 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的食味品质 Table 8 Eating quality of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
品种 Cultivar
处理 Treatment
香气 Aroma
光泽 Gloss
完整性 Integrity
味道 Taste
口感 Mouthfeel
食味值 Comprehensive
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
秸秆全量 还田 Total straw returning
9:1
6.62 bBC
6.00 cB
7.29 gG
6.52 bB
6.53 cB
73.71 cBC
8:2
6.54 bCD
5.80 dCD
7.35 fFG
6.45 cC
6.47 cdB
72.73 dC
7:3
6.41 cdDE
5.67 efDEF
7.43 deEF
6.37 dD
6.27 eC
71.24 efDE
6:4
6.34 defEF
5.58 fgEFG
7.49 cCDE
6.30 eDE
6.10 fgDE
70.20 gE
5:5
6.25 efgFG
5.46 hiGHI
7.55 bBCD
6.22 fF
5.89 hF
68.33 F
4:6
6.17 gG
5.39 HI
7.63 aAB
6.12 gG
5.71 GH
66.48 G
对照 CK
6.79 aA
6.86 aA
7.18 Hh
6.76 aA
7.12 aA
77.16 aA
平均 Mean
6.45
5.83
7.42
6.39
6.30
71.41
CV (%)
3.35
8.60
2.11
3.29
8.37
4.97
秸秆不 还田 None straw returning
9:1
6.60 bBC
5.91 cBC
7.28 gG
6.53 bB
6.49 cdB
71.59 dCD
8:2
6.52 bcCD
5.73 deDE
7.35 fFG
6.45 cC
6.42 dB
70.68 eDE
7:3
6.42 cdDE
5.61 fgEFG
7.42 eEF
6.36 dDE
6.19 efCD
69.16 fgFG
6:4
6.36 deEF
5.54 ghFGH
7.48 cdDE
6.29 eE
6.04 gE
68.13 hG
5:5
6.24 fgFG
5.40 HI
7.57 bABC
6.21 fF
5.82 hFG
65.83
4:6
6.16 gG
5.34
7.65 aA
6.14 gG
5.62 H
64.25
对照 CK
6.73 aAB
6.75 bA
7.12 h
6.81 aA
7.01 bA
74.45 bB
平均 Mean
6.43
5.75
7.41
6.40
6.23
69.15
CV (%)
3.12
8.30
2.42
3.50
7.45
5.13
南粳46 Nanjing 46
秸秆全量 还田 Total straw returning
9:1
6.83 bBC
6.38 cC
7.16 gF
6.76 bB
6.94 bB
77.88 bcB
8:2
6.75 cCD
6.23 deD
7.23 fEF
6.62 cCD
6.81 cdCD
77.09 cBC
7:3
6.69 dDE
6.06 fEF
7.31 deDE
6.55 dCDE
6.57 eE
75.61 dD
6:4
6.63 dE
5.90 gGH
7.37 dCD
6.51 dE
6.45 fEF
74.43 efDE
5:5
6.50 efF
5.79 hiHI
7.45 bcAB
6.41 eF
6.29 ghGH
72.06 gG
4:6
6.44 fF
5.69
7.55 aA
6.33 fF
6.14
70.27 hH
对照 CK
6.99 aA
7.12 aA
6.98 hG
6.95 aA
7.43 aA
80.84 aA
平均 Mean
6.69
6.17
7.29
6.59
6.66
75.45
CV (%)
2.63
7.26
2.43
2.98
6.09
4.75
秸秆不 还田 None straw returning
9:1
6.85 bB
6.32 cdCD
7.17 fgF
6.75 bB
6.89 bcBC
75.93 cdB
8:2
6.76 cCD
6.19 eDE
7.23 fEF
6.63 cC
6.75 dD
75.38 dBC
7:3
6.68 dDE
6.01 fFG
7.30 eDE
6.57 cdCDE
6.48 fEF
73.71 efDE
6:4
6.64 dE
5.82 ghHI
7.36 deD
6.52 dDE
6.39 fgFG
72.40 gE
5:5
6.52 eF
5.73 hi
7.47 cBC
6.40 eF
6.20 hiHI
69.97 hFG
4:6
6.47 efF
5.64
7.53 abAB
6.31 fF
6.08
67.90 H
对照 CK
6.96 aA
6.98 bB
7.02 hG
6.96 aA
7.35 aA
78.28 bA
平均 Mean
6.70
6.10
7.30
6.59
6.59
73.37
CV (%)
2.62
7.56
2.43
3.29
6.65
4.92
Values followed by different lowercase and capital letters with in a column and a cultivar are significantly different at the 5% and 1% probability levels, respectively. 同一品种同列数据后不同小、大写字母分别表示处理间差异达5%和1%显著水平。
表8 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下机插优质食味水稻的食味品质 Table 8 Eating quality of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
表9 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下优质食味水稻的RVA谱特征值 Table 9 RVA profile characteristics of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
表9 秸秆还田与氮肥运筹下优质食味水稻的RVA谱特征值 Table 9 RVA profile characteristics of mechanical transplanting japonica rice with good taste quality under straw returning and different nitrogen applications
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