摘要以杂交粳稻(常优2号、常优5号、甬优8号)和常规粳稻(淮稻5号、南粳46、南粳5055)为试材, 比较研究了有机和常规栽培方式对两种类型粳稻的产量和品质的影响, 探索了有机栽培条件下杂交粳稻实现稳产优质的可能性。结果表明, 有机栽培杂交、常规粳稻平均产量分别为8.11 t hm-2和6.29 t hm-2, 前者比后者高28.93%。有机栽培杂交粳稻的群体总茎蘖数低于常规粳稻, 但成穗率较常规粳稻增加了6.5个百分点。两种类型水稻叶面积指数和光合势在各生育期均表现为有机栽培<常规栽培, 但有机栽培杂交粳稻叶面积指数和光合势降幅较小。有机栽培条件下, 杂交粳稻生育后期平均群体生长率是常规粳稻1.29倍, 干物质积累比例高出8.81个百分点。有机栽培略微降低了杂交粳稻的加工品质, 但显著改善了外观品质, 提高胶稠度、降低直链淀粉含量, 对蛋白质含量影响较小, 总体上改善了蒸煮食味品质。有机栽培下杂交粳稻产量优势明显且有较好的品质性状, 在有机稻米产业发展中具有独特的应用价值。
关键词:有机栽培; 杂交粳稻; 常规粳稻; 产量; 品质 Effects of Organic Farming on Yield and Quality of Hybrid Japonica Rice HUANG Li-Fen, ZHANG Rong, YU Jun, JIANG Ling-Ling, SU Hong-Ding, ZHUANG Heng-Yang* College of Agronomy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
AbstractTwo types of japonica rice, including three varieties of hybrid japonica rice (Changyou 2, Changyou 5, Yongyou 8) and three varieties of conventional japonica rice (Huaidao 5, Nanjing 46, Nanjing 5055), were grown under organic farming and conventional farming. The possibility achieving stable production and high quality under organic farming was explored. The results showed that average yield of hybrid japonica rice and conventional japonica rice was 8.11 and 6.29 t ha-1 respectively, under organic farming. While, total stem and tiller number in the population of conventional rice varieties was more than that of hybrid rice under both farming treatments, the decline of tillers of hybrid japonica rice was more stable and as a result, the percentage of earbearing tillers of hybrid japonica rice under organic farming increased by 6.50% compared with conventional rice. In each growth period, rice leaf area index and photosynthesis potential showed the trend of conventional farming > organic farming, and also, compared with the conventional cultivation, smaller drops in those indexes were found under organic farming for hybrid japonica rice than for conventional japonica rice. Furthermore, the average population growth rate of hybrid japonica rice was 1.29% higher and the accumulation of dry matter ratio was 8.81% higher than those of conventional japonica rice. Compared with conventional cultivation, organic farming slightly declined the processing quality of all rice varieties, but improved the appearance quality and eating quality through reducing the chalk white degree, increasing gel consistency and lowering amylose content. Whereas, the impact of farming methods was not significant on protein content. In sum, with significantly increasing yield and excellent quality traits, hybrid japonica rice displays obvious advantages under organic farming, therefore has a unique application value in the development of organic rice industry.
Keyword:Organic farming; Hybridjaponica rice; Conventionaljaponica rice; Yield; Quality Show Figures Show Figures
表1 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻产量及其构成的影响 Table 1 Effects of organic farming on grain yield and its components in different types of japonica rice
类型 Type
品种 Variety
处理 Treatment
穗数 No. of panicles (× 104 hm-2)
每穗粒数 Spikelets per panicle
结实率 Seed-setting rate (%)
千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)
产量 Yield (t hm-2)
杂交粳稻Hybrid japonica
常优2号 Changyou 2
有机栽培 OF
243.36 Bb
148.53 Aa
83.32 Ab
25.63 Aa
7.72 Bb
常规栽培 CF
309.40 Aa
142.05 Bb
84.14 Aa
25.11 Ab
9.29 Aa
OF/CF (%)
78.66
104.56
99.03
102.07
83.10
常优5号 Changyou 5
有机栽培 OF
230.80 Bb
168.55 Aa
82.59 Ab
25.43 Aa
8.17 Bb
常规栽培 CF
280.36 Aa
160.12 Bb
83.85 Aa
25.21 Aa
9.49 Aa
OF/CF (%)
82.32
105.26
98.50
100.87
86.09
甬优8号 Yongyou 8
有机栽培 OF
190.12 Bb
208.18 Aa
81.01 Ab
26.34 Aa
8.45 Bb
常规栽培 CF
231.27 Aa
201.29 Ab
82.27 Aa
25.78 Ab
9.87 Aa
OF/CF (%)
82.21
103.42
98.47
102.17
85.61
平均 Average
有机栽培 OF
221.43
175.09
82.31
25.80
8.11
常规栽培 CF
273.68
167.82
83.42
25.37
9.55
OF/CF (%)
81.06
104.42
98.66
101.71
84.93
常规粳稻Conventional japonica
淮稻5号 Huaidao 5
有机栽培 OF
231.83 Bb
125.03 Ab
80.12 Bb
25.83 Aa
6.00 Bb
常规栽培 CF
307.54 Aa
128.88 Aa
89.37 Aa
25.36 Ab
8.98 Aa
OF/CF (%)
75.38
97.01
89.65
101.85
66.82
南粳46 Nanjing 46
有机栽培 OF
247.28 Bb
135.93 Ab
76.35 Bb
25.80 Aa
6.62 Bb
常规栽培 CF
309.20 Aa
138.20 Aa
90.12 Aa
25.03 Ab
9.64 Aa
OF/CF (%)
79.97
98.36
84.72
103.08
68.67
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
有机栽培 OF
260.67 Bb
127.09 Ab
77.22 Bb
24.34 Aa
6.24 Bb
常规栽培 CF
301.50 Aa
130.40 Aa
91.20 Aa
24.13 Aa
8.65 Aa
OF/CF (%)
86.46
97.46
84.67
100.87
72.14
平均 Average
有机栽培 OF
246.59
129.35
77.90
25.32
6.29
常规栽培 CF
306.08
132.49
90.23
24.84
9.09
OF/CF (%)
80.60
97.61
86.35
101.93
69.21
杂交粳稻/ 常规粳稻 HJ/CJ(%)
平均 Average
有机栽培 OF
89.80
135.36
105.66
101.90
128.93
常规栽培 CF
89.41
126.67
92.45
102.13
105.06
OF/CF (%)
100.43
106.86
114.29
99.77
122.72
Values followed by different letters are significantly different at the 1% (capital) and the 5% (lowercase) probability levels. OF: organic farming; CF: conventional farming; HJ: hybrid japonica; CJ: conventional japonica. 标以不同大、小写字母的数值间分别具1%和5%显著差异。
表1 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻产量及其构成的影响 Table 1 Effects of organic farming on grain yield and its components in different types of japonica rice
表2 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻群体茎蘖动态及成穗率的影响 Table 2 Effects of organic farming on the dynamic of culm and tiller numbers and the percentage of productive tillers in different types of japonica rice
类型 Type
品种 Variety
处理 Treatment
群体茎蘖动态 Dynamic of population culm and tiller number (× 104 hm-2)
茎蘖成穗率 Percentage of productive tillers (%)
有效分蘖临界 叶龄期(N-n)
拔节 Jointing
抽穗 Heading
成熟 Maturity
杂交粳稻 Hybrid japonica
常优2号 Changyou 2
有机栽培 OF
295.89 Bb
358.89 Bb
283.34 Bb
243.36 Bb
67.80 Bb
常规栽培 CF
352.67 Aa
436.67 Aa
326.67 Aa
309.40 Aa
70.90 Aa
OF/CF (%)
83.90
82.19
86.74
78.66
95.63
常优5号 Changyou 5
有机栽培 OF
272.00 Bb
352.23 Bb
265.56 Bb
230.80 Bb
65.50 Bb
常规栽培 CF
336.00 Aa
403.34 Aa
291.00 Aa
280.36 Aa
69.50 Aa
OF/CF (%)
80.95
87.33
91.26
82.32
94.24
甬优8号 Yongyou 8
有机栽培 OF
247.34 Bb
282.23 Bb
265.56 Aa
190.12 Bb
67.40 Bb
常规栽培 CF
290.67 Aa
320.67 Aa
243.34 Bb
231.27 Aa
72.10 Aa
OF/CF (%)
85.09
88.01
109.13
82.21
93.48
平均 Average
有机栽培 OF
271.75
331.12
271.49
221.43
66.90
常规栽培 CF
326.45
386.89
287.00
273.68
70.70
OF/CF (%)
83.24
85.59
94.60
80.91
94.63
常规粳稻 Conventional japonica
淮稻5号 Huaidao 5
有机栽培 OF
268.89 Bb
373.34 Bb
263.34 Bb
231.83 Bb
62.10 Bb
常规栽培 CF
354.67 Aa
430.13 Aa
340.01 Aa
307.54 Aa
71.50 Aa
OF/CF (%)
75.81
86.80
77.45
75.38
86.85
南粳46 Nanjing 46
有机栽培 OF
306.23 Bb
385.34 Bb
288.89 Bb
260.67 Bb
67.60 Bb
常规栽培 CF
344.67 Aa
400.01 Aa
343.34 Aa
301.50 Aa
75.40 Aa
OF/CF (%)
88.85
96.33
84.14
86.46
89.66
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
有机栽培 OF
309.12 Bb
466.67 Bb
288.12 Bb
247.28 Bb
53.00 Bb
常规栽培 CF
374.67 Aa
478.65 Aa
351.00 Aa
309.20 Aa
64.60 Aa
OF/CF (%)
82.50
97.50
82.09
79.97
82.04
平均 Average
有机栽培 OF
294.75
408.45
280.12
246.59
60.40
常规栽培 CF
358.01
436.26
344.78
306.08
70.20
OF/CF (%)
82.33
93.63
81.25
80.56
86.04
杂交粳稻/ 常规粳稻 HJ/CJ(%)
平均 Average
有机栽培 OF
92.20
81.07
96.92
89.80
110.76
常规栽培 CF
91.18
88.68
83.24
89.41
100.71
OF/CF (%)
101.11
91.41
116.43
100.43
109.98
Values followed by a different letter are significantly different at the 1% (capital) and the 5% (lowercase) probability levels. Abbreviations are the same as given in Table 1. 标以不同大、小写字母的数值间分别具1%和5%显著差异。缩写同表1。
表2 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻群体茎蘖动态及成穗率的影响 Table 2 Effects of organic farming on the dynamic of culm and tiller numbers and the percentage of productive tillers in different types of japonica rice
图1 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻群体叶面积指数及光合势动态的影响 T: 移栽期; N-n: 有效分蘖临界叶龄期; J: 拔节期; H: 抽穗期; M: 成熟期; T-(N-n): 移栽期-有效分蘖临界叶龄期; (N-n)-J: 有效分蘖临界叶龄期-拔节期; J-H: 拔节期-抽穗期; H-M: 抽穗期-成熟期。OF: 有机栽培; CF: 常规栽培; HJ: 杂交粳稻; CJ: 常规粳稻Fig. 1 Effects of organic farming on the dynamic changes of leaf area index and photosynthetic potential in different types of japonicarice T: transplanting stage; N-n: critical leaf-age for productive tillers; J: jointing; H: heading; M: maturity; T-(N-n): from transplanting to critical leaf-age for productive tillers; (N-n)-J: from critical leaf-age for productive tillers to jointing; J-H: from jointing to heading; H-M: from heading to maturity; OF: organic farming; CF: conventional farming; HJ: hybrid japonica; CJ: conventional japonica.
图2 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻不同时期干物质积累比例及群体增长速率的影响 缩写同图1。Fig. 2 Effects of organic farming on the ratio of dry matter accumulation and population growth rate in different types of japonicarice Abbreviations are the same as those given in Figure 1.
表3 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻加工品质和外观品质的影响 Table 3 Effects of organic farming on the processing quality and appearance quality in different types of japonicarice (%)
类型 Type
品种 Variety
处理 Treatment
糙米率 Brown rice rate
精米率 Milled rice rate
整精米率 Head milled rice rate
垩白率 Chalky grain rate
垩白度 Chalkiness degree
杂交粳稻Hybrid japonica
常优2号 Changyou 2
有机栽培 OF
83.24 Aa
73.67 Bb
70.19 Bb
23.92 Bb
2.27 Bb
常规栽培 CF
83.98 Aa
76.28 Aa
73.39 Aa
25.50 Aa
2.60 Aa
OF/CF
99.12
96.58
95.64
93.79
87.42
常优5号 Changyou 5
有机栽培 OF
82.64 Aa
73.23 Bb
71.16 Bb
7.50 Bb
0.74 Bb
常规栽培 CF
82.68 Aa
74.73 Aa
73.41 Aa
8.92 Aa
0.90 Aa
OF/CF
99.95
97.99
96.93
84.11
82.37
甬优8号 Yongyou 8
有机栽培 OF
82.35 Aa
73.08 Bb
68.42 Bb
15.00 Bb
1.64 Bb
常规栽培 CF
82.71 Aa
75.09 Aa
72.25 Aa
17.25 Aa
1.88 Aa
OF/CF
99.56
97.31
94.71
86.96
87.46
常规粳稻Conventional japonica
淮稻5号 Huaidao 5
有机栽培 OF
82.66 Aa
73.63 Bb
71.77 Bb
21.83 Bb
2.19 Bb
常规栽培 CF
82.79 Aa
74.51 Aa
72.94 Aa
24.50 Aa
2.53 Aa
OF/CF
99.85
98.82
98.40
89.12
86.62
南粳46 Nanjing 46
有机栽培 OF
82.68 Bb
72.61 Bb
67.33 Aa
13.83 Bb
1.40 Bb
常规栽培 CF
83.14 Aa
73.06 Aa
67.84 Aa
15.50 Aa
1.70 Aa
OF/CF
99.44
99.38
99.25
89.25
82.79
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
有机栽培 OF
81.93 Bb
72.54 Bb
69.77 Bb
21.50 Bb
2.11 Bb
常规栽培 CF
82.77 Aa
73.74 Aa
70.79 Aa
23.25 Aa
2.31 Aa
OF/CF
98.99
98.38
98.56
92.47
91.30
Values followed by different letters are significantly different at the 1% (capital) and the 5% (lowercase) probability levels. Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1. 标以不同大、小写字母的数值间分别具1%和5%显著差异。缩写同表1。
表3 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻加工品质和外观品质的影响 Table 3 Effects of organic farming on the processing quality and appearance quality in different types of japonicarice (%)
表4 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻蒸煮食味品质的影响 Table 4 Effects of organic farming on cooking and eating qualities in different types of japonicarice
类型 Type
品种 Variety
处理 Treatment
胶稠度 Gel consistency (mm)
直链淀粉含量 Amylose content (%)
蛋白质含量 Protein content (%)
杂交粳稻 Hybrid japonica
常优2号 Changyou 2
有机栽培 OF
72.33 Aa
16.17 Bb
8.00 Aa
常规栽培 CF
66.75 Bb
17.90 Aa
7.97 Aa
OF/CF (%)
108.36
90.32
100.42
常优5号 Changyou 5
有机栽培 OF
71.50 Aa
16.83 Bb
8.20 Aa
常规栽培 CF
66.42 Bb
17.92 Aa
8.17 Aa
OF/CF (%)
107.65
93.92
100.41
甬优8号 Yongyou 8
有机栽培 OF
74.75 Aa
16.40 Bb
8.70 Aa
常规栽培 CF
67.75 Bb
17.40 Aa
8.63 Aa
OF/CF (%)
110.33
94.25
100.77
常规粳稻 Conventional japonica
淮稻5号 Huaidao 5
有机栽培 OF
75.25 Aa
15.70 Ab
9.07 Aa
常规栽培 CF
67.00 Bb
16.13 Aa
9.00 Aa
OF/CF (%)
112.31
97.31
100.74
南粳46 Nanjing 46
有机栽培 OF
88.52 Aa
13.53 Bb
7.41 Aa
常规栽培 CF
83.34 Bb
14.75 Aa
7.32 Aa
OF/CF (%)
106.22
91.75
101.23
南粳5055 Nanjing 5055
有机栽培 OF
88.39 Aa
11.50 Ab
8.61 Aa
常规栽培 CF
84.86 Bb
11.92 Aa
8.25 Aa
OF/CF (%)
104.16
96.48
104.36
Values followed by different letters are significantly different at the 1% (capital) and the 5% (lowercase) probability levels. Abbreviations are the same as those given in Table 1. 标以不同大、小写字母的数值间分别具1%和5%显著差异。缩写同表1。
表4 有机栽培对不同类型粳稻蒸煮食味品质的影响 Table 4 Effects of organic farming on cooking and eating qualities in different types of japonicarice
4 结论有机栽培条件下, 与常规粳稻相比, 杂交粳稻产量显著增加, 大穗与高结实率是其增产的主因。在抽穗至成熟期具有较高叶面积指数、强光合势、高干物质积累比例和高生长速率, 是有机栽培下杂交粳稻产量优势的基础。有机栽培改善了两种类型水稻稻米的外观品质和蒸煮食味品质, 对蛋白质含量影响不大。鉴于优质杂交粳稻有机栽培产量优势明显且有较好的品质性状, 在有机稻米产业发展中具有较好的应用前景。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
凌启鸿, 张洪程, 鞠章网, 戴其根, 霍中洋. 三安生物有机肥不同用量对有机水稻产量、品质和氮素吸收利用的影响. , 2010, 16(1): 17-22Ling QH, Zhang HC, Ju ZW, Dai QG, Huo ZY. Effect of different dosage of San'an Bio-organic Fertilizer on organic rice production, quality and utilization of nitrogen absorption. , 2010, 16(1): 17-22 (in Chinese)[本文引用:3][CJCR: 0.9745]
[2]
Reganold JP, Elliott LF, Unger YL. Long-term effects of organic and conventional farming on soil erosion. , 1987, 330: 370-372[本文引用:1][JCR: 38.597]
[3]
SahaS, Pand ey AK, Gopinath KA, BhattacharayaR, KunduS, Gupta HS. Nutritional quality of organic rice grown on organic composts. , 2007, 27: 223-229[本文引用:2][JCR: 3.573]
[4]
金连登. 我国有机稻米生产现状及发展对策研究. , 2007, (3): 1-4Jin LD. Production status and strategies of organic rice in China. , 2007, (3): 1-4 (in Chinese)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.9745]
[5]
席运官. 我国有机食品开发模式与保障体系建设. , 2005, (7): 25-28Xi YG. Analysis on the modes and guaranteeing system of organic food development in China. , 2005, (7): 25-28 (in Chinese)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.642]
[6]
席运官, 钦佩, 丁公辉. 有机与常规种植稻米品质及安全性的分析与评价. , 2006, 12: 454-458Xi YG, QinP, Ding GH. Analysis and evaluation on quality and safety of organic and conventional rice. , 2006, 12: 454-458 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:4][CJCR: 1.883]
[7]
席运官, 钦佩. 有机农业生产基地建设的理论与方法探析. , 2005, 13(1): 25-28Xi YG, QinP. Theory and method of the establishment of organic agricultural production bases. , 2005, 13(1): 25-28 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:3][CJCR: 0.795]
[8]
LiuS, HuangD, ChenA, WeiW, Brookes PC, LiY, WuJ. Differential responses of crop yields and soil organic carbon stock to fertilization and rice straw incorporation in three cropping systems in the subtropics. , 2014, 184: 51-58[本文引用:1]
[9]
LiZ, LiuM, WuX, HanF, ZhangT. Effects of long-term chemical fertilization and organic amendments on dynamics of soil organic C and total N in paddy soil derived from barren land in subtropical China. , 2010, 106: 268-274[本文引用:1][JCR: 2.367]
[10]
席运官, 钦佩, 丁公辉, 樊卫妹, 韩才明. 基于RCSODS的有机水稻栽培施肥管理与效果分析. , 2007, 23(2): 28-33Xi YG, QinP, Ding GS, Fan WM, Han CM. The application of RCSODS model to fertilization practice of organic rice and its effect analysis. , 2007, 23(2): 28-33 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.468]
[11]
孙向平, 李国学, 孟凡乔, 郭岩彬, 吴文良, 依力汉木, 陈勇. 新疆伊犁垦区有机水稻生产养分平衡及氮素污染风险分析. , 2011, 27(增刊-2): 158-162Sun XP, Li GX, Meng FQ, Guo YB, Wu WL, Yili HM, ChenY. Nutrients balance and nitrogen pollution risk analysis for organic rice production in Yili reclamation area of Xinjiang. , 2011, 27(suppl-2): 158-162 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 1.299]
[12]
席运官, 钦佩, 宗良纲. 有机水稻病虫草防治技术与经济效益分析. , 2004, 27(3): 46-49Xi YG, QinP, Zong LG. Studies on organic rice pest, disease and weeds control techniques and analysis of their economic benefits. , 2004, 27(3): 46-49 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.916]
[13]
张三元, 张俊国, 金京德, 郭希明, 全成哲, 岩石真嗣, 徐会连, 原川达雄. 有机栽培环境对水稻产量构成及稻米品质的影响. , 2005, 30(2): 13-16Zhang SY, Zhang JG, Jin JD, Guo XM, Quan CZ, RockS, Xu HL, Harakawa DX. Environmental impact of organic farming on the yield composition and quality of rice production. , 2005, 30(2): 13-16 (in Chinese)[本文引用:3][CJCR: 0.518]
[14]
许燕芳, 钱虎君, 杨五一, 邵汉池, 张红生. 不同水稻品种(系)有机栽培产量差异分析. , 2003, (7): 29Xu YF, Qian HJ, Yang WY, Shao HC, Zhang HS. Analysis on yields of different rice varieties under organic cultivation system. , 2003, (7): 29 (in Chinese)[本文引用:2][CJCR: 0.3657]
[15]
许燕芳. 有机栽培条件下不同水稻品种有肥料对产量和品质的影响. 南京农业大学硕士学位论文, , 2006Xu YF. Effects of Various Varieties and Organic Manures on Yield and Quality of Rice (Oryzae sativa L. ) under Organic Cultivation. MS Thesis of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, , 2006 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1]
[16]
张洪程, 吴桂成, 李德剑, 肖跃成, 龚金龙, 李杰, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 高辉, 魏海燕, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 王宝金, 吴爱国. 杂交粳稻13. 5 t hm-2超高产群体动态特征及形成机制的探讨. , 2010, 36: 1547-1558Zhang HC, Wu GC, Li DJ, Xiao YC, Gong JL, LiJ, Dai QG, Huo ZY, XuK, GaoH, Wei HY, Sha AQ, Zhou YY, Wang BJ, Wu AG. Population characteristics and formation mechanism for super-high-yielding hybrid japonica rice (13. 5 t ha-1). , 2010, 36: 1547-1558 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:3][CJCR: 1.667]
[17]
龚金龙, 胡雅杰, 龙厚元, 常勇, 李杰, 张洪程, 马荣荣, 王晓燕, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 魏海燕, 邓张泽, 明庆龙. 大穗型杂交粳稻产量构成因素协同特征及穗部性状. , 2012, 45: 2147-2158Gong JL, Hu YJ, Long HY, ChangY, LiJ, Zhang HC, Ma RR, Wang XY, Dai QG, Huo ZY, XuK, Wei HY, Deng ZZ, Ming QL. Study on collaborating characteristics of grain yield components and panicle traits of large panicle hybrid japonica rice. , 2012, 45: 2147-2158 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:2][CJCR: 1.889]
[18]
张洪程, 朱聪聪, 霍中洋, 许轲, 蒋晓鸿, 陈厚存, 高尚勤, 李德剑, 赵成美, 戴其根, 魏海燕, 郭保卫. 钵苗机插水稻产量形成优势及主要生理生态特点. , 2013, 29(21): 50-59Zhang HC, Zhu CC, Huo ZY, XuK, Jiang XH, Chen HC, Gao SQ, Li DJ, Zhao CM, Dai QG, Wei HY, Guo BW. Advantages of yield formation and main characteristics of physiological and ecological in rice with nutrition bowl mechanical transplanting. , 2013, 29(21): 50-59 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:2][CJCR: 1.299]
[19]
张洪程, 戴其根, 霍中洋, 许轲, 高辉, 魏海燕, 桂玉清, 吴文革, 吴桂成, 端木银熙, 孙菊英, 赵品恒, 徐军, 李杰, 王艳, 龚金龙, 姚义, 沙安勤, 周有炎, 李德剑, 肖跃成, 王宝金, 吴爱国, 钱宗华, 於永杰, 李华. 水稻超高产栽培研究与探讨. , 2012, 18(1): 1-14Zhang HC, Dai QG, Huo ZY, XuK, GaoH, Wei HY, Gui YQ, Wu WG, Wu GC, Duan-Mu Y X, Sun J Y, Zhao P H, Xu J, Li J, Wang Y, Gong J L, Yao Y, Sha A Q, Zhou Y Y, Li D J, Xiao Y C, Wang B J, Wu A G, Qian Z H, Yu Y J, Li H. Research and discussion on the super-high-yield rice cultivation. , 2012, 18(1): 1-14 (in Chinese)[本文引用:2][CJCR: 0.9745]
[20]
SahaS, Pand ey AK, Gopinath KA, BhattacharayaR, KunduS, Gupta HS. Nutritional quality of organic rice grown on organic composts. , 2007, 27: 223-229[本文引用:1][JCR: 3.573]
[21]
Tirol-PadreA, Ladha JK, Regmi AP, Bhand ari AL, InubushiK. Organic amendments affect soil parameters in two long-term rice-wheat experiments. , 2007, 71: 442-452[本文引用:1][JCR: 1.821]
[22]
Bulluck LR, BrosiusM, Evanylo GK, Ristaino JB. Organic and synthetic fertility amendments influence soil microbial, physical and chemical properties on organic and conventional farms. , 2002, 19: 147-160[本文引用:1][JCR: 2.106]
[23]
FließbachA, OberholzerH, GunstL, MäderP. Soil organic matter and biological soil quality indicators after 21 years of organic and conventional farming. , 2007, 118: 273-284[本文引用:1]
[24]
黄涛. 有机栽培条件下生物有机肥对稻田肥力和稻米品质的影响. 海南大学硕士学位论文, , 2010HuangT. Effects of Bio-organic Fertilizer Paddy Soil Fertility and Quality of Rice. MS Thesis of Hainan University, Haikou, , 2010 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1]
[25]
张玉烛, 张岳平, 曾翔, 谢建红, 周立军, 瞿华香, 张兴怀. 纯有机肥栽培对超级杂交水稻产量形成及植株生理特性的影响. , 2006, (4): 308-311Zhang YZ, Zhang YP, ZengX, Xie JH, Zhou LJ, Qu HX, Zhang XH. Effects of pure organic manure cultivation on yield formation and physiological characters in super hybrid rice. , 2006, (4): 308-311 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.7044]
[26]
霍中洋, 李杰, 许轲, 戴其根, 魏海燕, 龚金龙, 张洪程. 高产栽培条件下种植方式对不同生育类型粳稻米质的影响. , 2012, 45: 3932-3945Huo ZY, LiJ, XuK, Dai QG, Wei HY, Gong JL, Zhang HC. Effect of planting methods on quality of different growth and development types of japonica rice under high-yielding cultivation condition. , 2012, 45: 3932-3945 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 1.889]
[27]
程方民, 钟连进. 不同气候生态条件下稻米品质性状的变异及主要影响因子分析. , 2001, 15(3): 28-32Cheng FM, Zhong LJ. Variation of rice quality traits under different climate conditions and its main affected factors. , 2001, 15(3): 28-32 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 1.494]
[28]
许凤英, 马均, 王贺正, 刘惠远, 黄清龙, 马文波, 明东风. 水稻强化栽培下的稻米品质. , 2005, 31: 577-582Xu FY, MaJ, Wang HZ, Liu HY, Huang QL, Ma WB, Ming DF. Rice quality under the cultivation of SRI. , 2005, 31: 577-582 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 1.667]
[29]
全国明, 章家恩, 杨军, 陈瑞, 许荣宝. 稻鸭共作对稻米品质的影响. , 2008, 28: 3475-3483Quan GM, Zang JE, YangJ, ChenR, Xu RB. Impacts of integrated rice-duck farming system on rice quality. , 2008, 28: 3475-3483 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1]
[30]
邓华凤, 何强, 舒服, 张武汉, 杨飞, 荆彦辉, 东丽, 谢辉. 中国杂交粳稻研究现状与对策. , 2006, 21(1): 1-6Deng HF, HeQ, ShuF, Zhang WH, YangF, Jing YH, DongL, XieH. Status and technical strategy on development of japonica hybrid rice in China. , 2006, 21(1): 1-6 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.605]
[31]
王才林, 汤玉庚. 我国杂交粳稻育种的现状与展望. , 1989, 22(5): 8-13Wang CL, Tang YG. Status and prospects of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. sinica) breeding in China. , 1989, 22(5): 8-13 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 1.889]
[32]
谢辉, 荆彦辉, 曾强, 赵飞, 东丽, 邓华凤. 中国杂交粳稻发展的必要性及趋势. , 2007, (3): 10-13XieH, Jing YH, ZengQ, ZhaoF, DongL, Deng HF. The necessity and tendency of developing japonica hybrid rice in China. , 2007, (3): 10-13 (in Chinese with English abstract)[本文引用:1][CJCR: 0.4]