关键词:棉花; 苞叶; 节水滴灌; 光合能力 Effects of Drip Irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Leaves and Bracts in Cotton at Late Growth Stage ZHANG Chao, ZHAN Dong-Xia, ZHANG Ya-Li, LUO Hong-Hai, GOU Ling, ZHANG Wang-Feng* Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture, Xinjiang Production and Construction Group / Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China
AbstractThe majority of cotton ( Gossypium hirsutumL.) photosynthetic products comes from leaves, but non-foliar green organs of cotton such as bracts also contain chlorophyll and may contribute to the yield. We selected Xinluzao 33 and Xinluzao 46 with two irrigation treatments (normal drip irrigation and water-saving drip irrigation) to determine physiological indices including response curves of net photosynthetic rate ( Pn), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), intercellular CO2 concentration ( Ci), fluorescence parameters, and water content of cotton bracts and leaves and to explore the difference of photosynthetic capacity between bracts and leaves under drip irrigation conditions. The results showed that bracts showed greater RuBP regeneration/RuBP carboxylation capacity ratio ( Jmax/ Vc,max) and lower stomatal conductance under high irradiance and temperature conditions. Photosynthetic area per plant, chlorophyll content, water content, Pn, the actual photochemical efficiency of PSII ( ΦPSII), and Rubisco content were less in bracts than in leaves, but the decline of the indices showed a significantly faster in leaves than in bracts at the late growth stage. Compared with normal drip irrigation, the decreased degree of water content under water-saving drip irrigation was significantly higher in leaves than in bracts of cotton plants, and chlorophyll content, Pn, and Rubisco content decreased in leaves under water-saving drip irrigation, but there was no significant changed in bracts. The stabilities of bracts area, water content, chlorophyll content, Pn, ΦPSII, rubisco content in bracts were higher than those in leaves. It indicated the photosynthetic activity of leaves decreased rapidly. The bracts contributed approximate 7.22%-8.83% of the total photosynthate at the late growth stage under normal drip irrigation, and 10.24%-12.53% under water-saving drip irrigation. We concluded that bracts can increase the photosynthate of plant at the late growth stage under water-saving drip irrigation.
Keyword:Cotton; Bract; Water-saving drip irrigation; Photosynthetic activity Show Figures Show Figures
图2 棉花叶片(A)与苞叶(B)叶绿素含量的变化缩写同图1。Fig. 2 Changes of chlorophyll content in cotton leaf (A) and bract (B)Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
图4 1800 μ mol m-2 s-1光强及新疆夏季气温(A)下棉花叶片(B)与苞叶(C)净光合速率(Pn)的变化缩写同图1。Fig. 4 Changes of photosynthetic rate (Pn) in cotton leaf (B) and bract (C) under 1800 μ mol m-2 s-1 and Xinjiang’ s temperature (A)Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
图5 新疆夏季棉花叶片(A)与苞叶(B)气孔导度(Gs)的变化缩写同图1。Fig. 5 Changes of of stomatal conductance (Gs) in cotton leaf (A) and bract (B) under 1800 μ mol m-2 s-1 and Xinjiang’ s temperatureAbbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
图6 棉花叶片Vc, max(A)和Jmax(B)与苞叶Vc, max(C)和Jmax(D)的动态变化缩写同图1。Fig. 6 Changes of the maximal velocity of RuBP carboxylation (Vc, max) and the maximum rate of electron transport driving RuBP regeneration (Jmax) in cotton leaves (A, B) and bracts (C, D)Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
图7 棉花叶片(A)与苞叶(B)Jmax/Vc, max的变化缩写同图1。Fig. 7 Changes of Jmax/Vc, max in cotton leaves (A) and bracts (B)Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
图8 棉花叶片(A)与苞叶(B)单位面积Rubisco含量的变化缩写同图1。Fig. 8 Changes of Rubisco content per unit area of leaf (A) and bract (B) in cottonAbbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
图9 棉花叶片(A)与苞叶(B)PSII实际光化学效率(Φ PSII)的变化缩写同图1。Fig. 9 Changes of actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Φ PSII) in cotton leaves (A) and bracts (B)Abbreviations are the same as those given in Fig. 1.
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