关键词:棉花(Gossypium hirsutumL.); GGE双标图; 棉纤维品质; 生态区划分; 长江流域 Ecological Regionalization of Cotton Fiber Quality Based on GGE Biplot in Yangtze River Valley XU Nai-Yin, LI Jian Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Cotton and Rapeseed, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210014, China Fund: AbstractEcological regionalization based on cotton fiber quality can improve raw cotton quality and the machining efficiency. The “environment vs. trait biplot” of GGE biplot software was used to explore the interaction pattern between test environments and cotton fiber quality characters based on datasets collected from the national cotton regional trials in Yangtze River Valley (YaRV) from 2000 to 2012. The results showed that the cotton planting area could be divided into three special fiber quality ecological regions, namely, the “moderate fiber quality ecological region”, the “high fiber length and strength ecological region” and the “low mic-ronaire ecological region”. The moderate fiber quality ecological region was characterized by moderate fiber quality with the best representativeness of the whole region, which covers the major area of cotton planting region in YaRV, including the Jianghan plain and the southeast downland in Hubei Province, Nan-xiang basin across Henan and Hubei Provinces, the west and east regions around Dongting Lake in Hunan Province, the area around Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province, Jiang-huai plain and along the Yangtze River region in Anhui Province, Ningzhen hilly region and along the Yangtze River region in Jiangsu Province, and also the coastal region in Zhejiang Province. The high fiber length and strength ecological region was characterized by high fiber length, fiber strength, and also micronaire value including the north fertile region around the Dongting Lake. The low micronaire ecological region was characterized by the best micronaire value and average fiber strength performance containing of the most west hilly cotton planting area at relatively high altitude and with earlier mature season in Sichuan Province, and the most east coastal cotton field with higher salt content soil grown weaker cotton plants in Jiangsu Province. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of “environment vs. trait biplot” in the ecological regionalization of cotton fiber quality, provided references for the regionalized cotton production and raw cotton selection strategy for textile industry, and set a good example for the implementation of similar ecological regionalization for cotton in other planting regions and for other crops elsewhere as well.
Keyword:Cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.); GGE biplot; Cotton fiber quality; Ecological regionalization; Yangtze River Valley (YaRV) Show Figures Show Figures
表1 2000-2012年长江流域国家棉花区试20个环境的地理因子和所在棉区 Table 1 Geographical factors and located cotton planting regions of 20 test locations in national cotton regional trials in Yangtze River Valley in 2000-2012
试验环境 Trial environment
代码 Code
经度 Longitude
纬度 Latitude
海拔 Altitude (m)
棉区 Cotton planting region
四川简阳 Janyang, Sichuan
JY
104°06′
30°67′
452
四川丘陵棉区 Hilly region in Sichuan
四川射洪 Shehong, Sichuan
SH
105°31′
30°09′
330
四川丘陵棉区 Hilly region in Sichuan
湖南常德 Changde, Hunan
CD
111°69′
29°05′
37
环洞庭湖西部 Western Dongting Lake
湖南岳阳 Yueyang, Hunan
YY
113°09′
29°37′
52
环洞庭湖东部 Eastern Dongting Lake
湖南大通湖 Datonghu, Hunan
DTH
112°33′
29°11′
32
环洞庭湖北部 Northern Dongting Lake
湖南南县 Nanxian, Hunan
NX
112°39′
29°37′
36
环洞庭湖北部 Northern Dongting Lake
湖北荆州 Jingzhou, Hubei
JZ
112°24′
30°32′
33
湖北江汉平原 Jianghan plain in Hubei
湖北江陵 Jiangling, Hubei
JL
112°18′
30°35′
32
湖北江汉平原 Jianghan plain in Hubei
湖北武汉 Wuhan, Hubei
WH
114°31′
30°52′
23
湖北江汉平原 Jianghan plain in Hubei
湖北黄冈 Huanggang, Hubei
HG
114°87′
30°44′
31
鄂东南岗地 Southeast downland in Hubei
湖北襄阳 Xiangyang, Hubei
XY
112°14′
30°02′
69
南襄盆地 Nanxiang basin in Henan and Hubei
河南南阳 Nanyang, Henan
NY
112°53′
33°01′
130
南襄盆地 Nanxiang basin in Henan and Hubei
江西九江 Jiujiang, Jiangxi
JJ
115°97′
29°71′
33
江西环鄱阳湖 Around Poyang Lake in Jiangxi
安徽安庆 Anqin, Anhui
AQ
117°03′
30°52′
44
安徽沿江棉区 Along Yangtze River in Anhui
安徽全椒 Quanjiao, Anhui
QJ
118°27′
32°10′
26
安徽沿江棉区 Along Yangtze River in Anhui
安徽合肥 Hefei, Anhui
HF
117°27′
31°86′
30
安徽江淮棉区 Jianghuai region in Anhui
江苏南京 Nanjing, Jiangsu
NJ
118°78′
32°04′
9
江苏宁镇丘陵棉区 Ningzhen hilly region in Jiangsu
江苏盐城 Yancheng, Jiangsu
YC
120°13′
33°38′
2
江苏沿海棉区 Coastal region in Jiangsu
江苏南通 Nantong, Jiangsu
NT
120°86′
32°01′
5
江苏沿江棉区 Along Yangtze River in Jiangsu
浙江慈溪 Cixi, Zhejiang
CX
121°23′
30°18′
7
浙江沿海棉区 Coastal region in Zhejiang
表1 2000-2012年长江流域国家棉花区试20个环境的地理因子和所在棉区 Table 1 Geographical factors and located cotton planting regions of 20 test locations in national cotton regional trials in Yangtze River Valley in 2000-2012
图1 2000-2012年长江流域棉花纤维品质生态区划分模式的GGE双标图此图是基于环境中心化(Centering = 2)、标准差定标(Scaling = 1)的环境和性状两向表, 采用聚焦于环境的特征值分析法(SVP = 2)。 Len、 Str、 Mic、 El、 Rd、 +b、 Un和 Sci分别表示纤维长度、比强度、马克隆值、伸长率、反射率、黄度、整齐度和纺纱均匀指数。正体大写字母为试验环境代号, 各试验环境的全称详见表1。椭圆形虚线包围的试验环境与图2聚类分析的前3个层次的分类相同。I、II、III分别表示第I、第II和第III生态区。Fig. 1 GGE biplot analysis of ecological regionalization pattern based on cotton fiber quality characteristics in YaRV from 2000 to 2012The biplot was based on environment-centered (Centering = 2) and standard deviation scaled (Scaling = 1) enrionments and fiber traits two way datasets, using environment-focused singular value portioning (SVP = 2) method. Len, Str, Mic, El, Rd, +b, Un, and Sciin italics stand for fiber length, fiber strength, micronaire value, elongation, reflectance, yellowness, uniformity index and spinning consistency index, respectively. Symbols in regular upcase stand for test environment codes around the dotted ellipsesas which correspond with the codes given in Table 1, which are members of the same group at the three levels in Fig.2. I, II, and III stand for the three ecological regions, respectively. PC1 = 43.7%, PC2 = 27.0%, Sum = 70.7%; Transformation = 0, Scaling = 1, Centering = 2, SVP = 2.
图2 2000-2012年长江流域棉花区域试验环境基于GGE双标图主成分得分的聚类图试验环境代码详见表1。 Aabbreviations correspond with those given in Table 1.Fig. 2 GGE biplot of environments based on the principal component analysis scores of in YaRV in 2000-2012
表3 长江流域棉花纤维品质的生态区特征分析 Table 3 Cotton fiber quality characteristics of different ecological regions in YaRV
性状 Characteristic
纤维品质生态区Fiber quality ecological region
生态区I Ecological region I
生态区II Ecological region II
生态区III Ecological region III
纤维长度Fiber length (mm)
29.948±0.18 b
31.007±0.22 a
30.578±0.13 a
比强度Fiber strength (cN tex-1)
30.179±0.33 b
32.146±0.65 a
29.702±0.21 b
马克隆值 Micronaire value
5.056±0.04 b
5.264±0.10 a
4.658±0.05 c
伸长率 Elongation (%)
6.262±0.20 a
5.416±0.37 b
6.442±0.21 a
反射率 Reflectance (%)
76.142±0.50 a
75.558±0.68 a
77.185±0.48 a
黄度 Yellowness
8.062±0.12 ab
8.011±0.20 b
8.440±0.11 a
整齐度 Uniformity index (%)
85.137±0.21 b
86.249±0.62 a
85.452±0.24 ab
纺纱均匀指数Spinning consistency index
142.128±1.59 b
151.476±2.72 a
147.844±1.27 a
同一行中标有相同小写字母的数据在5%水平上差异不显著。mean± SE为相应生态区各性状的平均值和标准误。 Values followed by different letters in the horizontal rows are significantly different at 5% probability level. The mean± SEstands for the mean of each fiber quality trait in corresponding ecological region and its standard error.
表3 长江流域棉花纤维品质的生态区特征分析 Table 3 Cotton fiber quality characteristics of different ecological regions in YaRV
4 结论基于GGE双标图分析中的“环境-性状双标图”将长江流域棉区划分为“中等品质生态区”、“高长度与比强度生态区”和“低马克隆值生态区”。其中, 长江流域中等纤维品质生态区涵盖湖北省江汉平原和鄂东南岗地棉区、河南省与湖北省交界的南襄盆地棉区、湖南省环洞庭湖东部和西部棉区、江西省环鄱阳湖棉区、安徽省沿江与江淮棉区、江苏省宁镇丘陵和沿江棉区和浙江省沿海棉区, 纤维品质较好, 代表了长江流域的平均水平; 高长度与比强度生态区位于湖南省环洞庭湖北部滨湖沃土棉区, 纤维长度和比强度优良, 而马克隆值偏高; 低马克隆值生态区涵盖长江流域最西边、相对高海拔、熟期较早的四川丘陵棉区和土壤含盐度较高、棉花长势较弱的江苏沿海棉区, 纤维马克隆值达到B级水平, 为长江流域马克隆值最低的区域, 但纤维比强度水平一般。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. 作者已声明无竞争性利益关系。The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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