摘要甘薯植株生长和块根形成与钾营养吸收利用密切相关。本研究以31份不同类型优质甘薯品种(系)为材料, 利用长期肥料定位试验田2个钾肥水平处理(氮磷处理与氮磷钾处理), 探讨耐低钾与钾高效型甘薯材料的筛选及评价指标。`结果表明, 该试验条件下, 不同甘薯品种(系)块根产量差异达显著水平(P<0.05); 供试材料的钾敏感指数变幅在0.40~0.98之间, 差异达显著水平(P<0.05), 经聚类分析, 可分为低敏感型、适度敏感型、敏感型和高度敏感型; 品种(系)两处理下钾累计量与钾浓度差异均达显著或极显著水平; 氮磷钾处理下, 块根钾利用效率与整株钾利用效率变幅分别为58.92~384.9 g g-1和42.03~165.52 g g-1, 品种(系)差异均达显著水平(P<0.05); 相关性分析显示, 不同甘薯材料间整株总钾累积量、钾浓度、产量性状指标、钾利用效率与钾敏感性间均有一定相关性。长期肥料定位试验田可用于不同钾营养效率甘薯品种(系)的筛选, 块根钾利用效率与钾敏感性可作为筛选耐低钾与钾高效利用型甘薯材料的2个主要指标。
关键词:甘薯品种(系); 耐低钾; 钾高效; 筛选 Screening and Evaluation Indicators for Low Potassium-Tolerant and Potassium Efficient Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatasL.) Varieties (Lines) TANG Zhong-Hou1,2,*, ZHANG Yun-Gang1, WEI Meng1, CHEN Xiao-Guang1, SHI Xin-Min1, ZHANG Ai-Jun1, LI Hong-Min1, DING Yan-Feng2 1Sweetpotato Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Jiangsu / Key Laboratory of Sweetpotato Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Xuzhou 221121, China
2College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Fund: AbstractPotassium (K) uptake and utilization are closely related to plant growth and storage root formation of sweetpotato. In this paper, 31 good quality sweetpotato varieties (lines), NP plot (treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus) and NPK plot (treatment of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) were used to screen low K-tolerant and K efficient sweetpotato varieties (lines) in a long-term fertilization plots. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) among storage root yield of sweetpotato varieties (lines). The variation of K sensitivity index (relative root weight, RRW) was from 0.40 to 0.98, with a significant difference (P<0.05). Varieties (lines) were divided into four types (low sensitive, moderately sensitive, sensitive and highly sensitive) by cluster analysis. There were significant differences of total K accumulation amount (TKAA) and K concentration under two treatments of varieties (lines). Under NPK treatment, K utilization efficiencies (KUE) of root and whole plant were from 58.92 to 384.9 g g-1 and from 42.03 to 165.52 g g-1 with significant difference between these materials (P<0.05), respectively. Correlation analysis showed that there were some correlations of TKAA, K concentration, root yield, KUE, and RRW among varieties (lines). It is a feasible method for screening different fertilization efficiency sweetpotato varieties (lines) through long-term fertilization experiment. KUE and RRW as two major indicators can be used for screening low potassium (K)-tolerant and K efficient sweetpotato materials.
Keyword:Sweetpotato varieties (lines); Low potassium-tolerant; Potassium efficient; Screening Show Figures Show Figures
表2 不同甘薯品种(系)间产量性状的差异 Table 2 Difference of yield traits among sweetpotato varieties (lines)
年份 Year
产量性状 Yield trait
处理 Treatment
变幅 Range
平均值 Mean
变异系数 CV (%)
2011
单株块根鲜重 FRWP (g)
NP
110.41-940.36
457.75
38.30
NPK
155.16-1230.40
568.96
50.56
单株块根干重 RDWP (g)
NPK
48.36-305.12
143.20
47.21
单株整株干重 DWWP (g)
NPK
82.12-477.46
235.47
35.22
单株地上部干重DWTP (g)
NPK
36.64-172.34
102.79
38.74
根冠比 Root/top part
NP
0.44-2.01
1.09
34.80
NPK
0.40-2.75
1.46
41.32
2012
单株块根鲜重 FRWP (g)
NP
69.21-735.30
393.54
35.35
NPK
125.41-1088.10
520.39
46.86
单株块根干重 RDWP (g)
NPK
36.11-255.30
98.16
42.56
单株整株干重 DWWP (g)
NPK
67.36-405.92
197.38
35.31
单株地上部干重 DWTP (g)
NPK
31.27-150.62
87.25
35.59
根冠比 Root/top part
NP
0.39-1.80
0.97
33.01
NPK
0.32-2.59
1.29
39.36
FRWP: fresh root weigh per plant; DWWP: dry weight of whole plant; DWTP: dry weight of top part; RDWP: root dry weight per plant; CV: coefficient of variation.
表2 不同甘薯品种(系)间产量性状的差异 Table 2 Difference of yield traits among sweetpotato varieties (lines)
4 结论长期肥料定位试验田NP和NPK处理下不同类型甘薯品种(系)钾营养效率差异显著, 可以此筛选不同钾营养效率甘薯品种(系), 具有筛选耐低钾与钾高效利用型甘薯的可行性。块根钾敏感性指数可分为低度敏感型、适度敏感型、敏感型和高度敏感型4类, 钾敏感性可作为低钾条件下评价甘薯耐钾能力的重要指标; 甘薯块根钾利用效率、钾敏感性与产量呈极显著相关, 块根钾利用效率与钾敏感性为评价钾营养效率的2个不同概念, 可作为筛选耐低钾高效利用型甘薯的2个主要指标。 The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. 作者已声明无竞争性利益关系。The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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