嫉妒与幸福感因果机制:基于追踪和日记法研究

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向燕辉, 何佳丽, 李清银

湖南师范大学心理系, 认知与人类行为湖南省重点实验室, 湖南师范大学基础教育大数据重点实验室, 长沙 410081

收稿日期:2021-01-13出版日期:2022-01-25发布日期:2021-11-26
通讯作者:向燕辉, E-mail: xiangyh@hunnu.edu.cn

基金资助:* 国家社会科学基金一般项目(19BSH114)资助

The causal mechanism between envy and subjective well-being: Based on a longitudinal study and a diary method

XIANG Yanhui, HE Jiali, LI Qingyin

Hunan Normal University, Cognition and Human Behavior Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Big Data for Basic Education, Department of Psychology, Changsha 410081, China

Received:2021-01-13Online:2022-01-25Published:2021-11-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 追求幸福是人类永恒的主题。尽管影响幸福的因素很多, 但社会比较是影响个体幸福感最普遍的因素。基于社会比较理论视角, 分别采用纵向追踪研究和日记法研究探讨了向上社会比较中典型情绪——嫉妒与幸福感的因果关系机制, 并首次尝试建立了嫉妒与一般主观幸福感(SWB, Subject Well-being)因子的循环假设理论模型。在研究1中, 对290名参与者进行间隔1年的两次(T1和T2)追踪调查, 探讨特质嫉妒与主观幸福感双因子模型之间的关系。研究结果显示：(1) T1的特质嫉妒可以显著正向预测T2的消极情感(NA, Negative Affect)和SWB因子, 显著负向预测T2的积极情感(PA, Positive Affect)和生活满意度(LS, Life Satisfaction);; (2) T1的一般SWB因子负向预测T2的特质嫉妒。在研究2中, 进一步采用日记法对178名参与者进行了持续14天的研究, 结果发现每日嫉妒仅能正向预测主观幸福感双因子中的NA。首次基于社会比较的理论视角, 采用多方法学视角深入揭示了嫉妒与主观幸福感的PA、NA和LS之间的复杂因果关系机制, 弥补了学术界在相关领域的不足。更重要的是, 还首次自主提出了嫉妒与一般SWB因子的循环假设理论模型, 对从社会比较理论视角去拓展、理解、重评SWB的社会基础提供了较新的思路。

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