攻击动机对特质愤怒与反应性攻击关系的中介作用：一项纵向研究

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李芮, 夏凌翔(

)

西南大学心理学部, 认知与人格教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715

收稿日期:2020-07-03出版日期:2021-07-25发布日期:2021-05-24
通讯作者:夏凌翔E-mail:xialx@swu.edu.cn

基金资助:教育部人文社会科学研究规划(19YJA190008)

The mediating effect of aggression motivation on the relationship between trait anger and reactive aggression: A longitudinal study

LI Rui, XIA Ling-Xiang(

)

Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China

Received:2020-07-03Online:2021-07-25Published:2021-05-24
Contact:XIA Ling-Xiang E-mail:xialx@swu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 特质愤怒是影响反应性攻击的重要人格因素, 反应性攻击的提出是基于攻击动机, 但是特质愤怒影响反应性攻击的动机机制尚不清楚。本研究假设特质愤怒可以通过增强反应性攻击的特异性动机(即敌意性动机)以及反应性攻击与主动性攻击的共同性动机(即道德准许动机)来纵向预测反应性攻击。为了检验该假设, 对5个省市共1007名大学生的特质愤怒、敌意归因偏向(代表敌意性动机)和道德推脱(代表道德准许动机)、反应性攻击与主动性攻击进行了3次追踪调查。结果显示：(1)在控制性别后, 第一个时间点的特质愤怒可以通过第二个时间点的敌意归因偏向和道德推脱预测第三个时间点的反应性攻击; (2)敌意归因偏向只能纵向预测反应性攻击, 而不能跨时间预测主动性攻击; (3)道德推脱可以纵向预测反应性攻击和主动性攻击。这一结果支持了特质愤怒影响反应性攻击的动机模型, 发展了人格与攻击关系的理论与研究, 对于揭示反应性攻击形成的动机机制具有积极作用。

图/表 2

表1特质愤怒、敌意归因偏向、道德推脱、反应性攻击、主动性攻击的平均数、标准差及相关

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1. T1特质愤怒	1.65	0.40
2. T2特质愤怒	1.67	0.42	0.64**
3. T3特质愤怒	1.69	0.42	0.53**	0.62**
4. T1敌意归因偏向	2.92	0.81	0.29**	0.18**	0.20**
5. T2敌意归因偏向	2.88	0.81	0.27**	0.33**	0.28**	0.55**
6. T3敌意归因偏向	3.05	0.87	0.26**	0.28**	0.32**	0.53**	0.63**
7. T1道德推脱	1.71	0.48	0.32**	0.23**	0.23**	0.27**	0.28**	0.24**
8. T2道德推脱	1.70	0.47	0.26**	0.33**	0.25**	0.21**	0.36**	0.29**	0.49**
9. T3道德推脱	1.71	0.50	0.25**	0.24**	0.28**	0.20**	0.30**	0.33**	0.52**	0.58**
10. T1反应性攻击	2.76	0.89	0.58**	0.42**	0.38**	0.32**	0.27**	0.28**	0.41**	0.25**	0.27**
11. T2反应性攻击	2.42	0.89	0.47**	0.57**	0.45**	0.24**	0.40**	0.36**	0.35**	0.43**	0.32**	0.59**
12. T3反应性攻击	2.38	0.88	0.35**	0.42**	0.49**	0.24**	0.34**	0.45**	0.35**	0.37**	0.45**	0.51**	0.62**
13. T1主动性攻击	1.32	0.52	0.39**	0.28**	0.29**	0.21**	0.15**	0.15**	0.54**	0.32**	0.39**	0.40**	0.28**	0.27**
14. T2主动性攻击	1.38	0.63	0.25**	0.47**	0.24**	0.16**	0.25**	0.17**	0.33**	0.62**	0.34**	0.17**	0.47**	0.25**	0.46**
15. T3主动性攻击	1.40	0.65	0.20**	0.27**	0.32**	0.14**	0.14**	0.22**	0.32**	0.32**	0.55**	0.17**	0.23**	0.48**	0.42**	0.44**

表1特质愤怒、敌意归因偏向、道德推脱、反应性攻击、主动性攻击的平均数、标准差及相关

变量	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1. T1特质愤怒	1.65	0.40
2. T2特质愤怒	1.67	0.42	0.64**
3. T3特质愤怒	1.69	0.42	0.53**	0.62**
4. T1敌意归因偏向	2.92	0.81	0.29**	0.18**	0.20**
5. T2敌意归因偏向	2.88	0.81	0.27**	0.33**	0.28**	0.55**
6. T3敌意归因偏向	3.05	0.87	0.26**	0.28**	0.32**	0.53**	0.63**
7. T1道德推脱	1.71	0.48	0.32**	0.23**	0.23**	0.27**	0.28**	0.24**
8. T2道德推脱	1.70	0.47	0.26**	0.33**	0.25**	0.21**	0.36**	0.29**	0.49**
9. T3道德推脱	1.71	0.50	0.25**	0.24**	0.28**	0.20**	0.30**	0.33**	0.52**	0.58**
10. T1反应性攻击	2.76	0.89	0.58**	0.42**	0.38**	0.32**	0.27**	0.28**	0.41**	0.25**	0.27**
11. T2反应性攻击	2.42	0.89	0.47**	0.57**	0.45**	0.24**	0.40**	0.36**	0.35**	0.43**	0.32**	0.59**
12. T3反应性攻击	2.38	0.88	0.35**	0.42**	0.49**	0.24**	0.34**	0.45**	0.35**	0.37**	0.45**	0.51**	0.62**
13. T1主动性攻击	1.32	0.52	0.39**	0.28**	0.29**	0.21**	0.15**	0.15**	0.54**	0.32**	0.39**	0.40**	0.28**	0.27**
14. T2主动性攻击	1.38	0.63	0.25**	0.47**	0.24**	0.16**	0.25**	0.17**	0.33**	0.62**	0.34**	0.17**	0.47**	0.25**	0.46**
15. T3主动性攻击	1.40	0.65	0.20**	0.27**	0.32**	0.14**	0.14**	0.22**	0.32**	0.32**	0.55**	0.17**	0.23**	0.48**	0.42**	0.44**

图1特质愤怒、敌意归因偏向、道德推脱和反应性攻击的交叉滞后模型注：仅呈现显著的标准化路径系数; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001

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