) 山东师范大学心理学院, 济南 250358
收稿日期:2019-09-30出版日期:2020-07-25发布日期:2020-05-25通讯作者:张文新E-mail:zhangwenxin@sdnu.edu.cn基金资助:全国教育科学“十二五”规划教育部重点课题(DBA140227)The influence of school assets on the development of well-being during early adolescence: Longitudinal mediating effect of intentional self-regulation
CHANG Shumin, GUO Mingyu, WANG Jingmin, WANG Lingxiao, ZHANG Wenxin() School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
Received:2019-09-30Online:2020-07-25Published:2020-05-25Contact:ZHANG Wenxin E-mail:zhangwenxin@sdnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 通过对1214名初中生历时3年的3次追踪测量, 考察了青少年早期的学校资源、意向性自我调节及幸福感的发展趋势, 并对意向性自我调节在学校资源与幸福感发展间的纵向中介作用机制进行检验。结果发现, 在青少年早期, 学校资源具有相对的稳定性, 意向性自我调节及幸福感均呈线性增长; 学校资源对幸福感发展的作用机制表现为：一方面, 学校资源通过意向性自我调节的初始水平分别对幸福感的初始水平和发展速度起间接作用, 另一方面, 学校资源通过意向性自我调节的发展速度对幸福感的发展速度起间接作用。结论：青少年早期, 学生的学校资源水平保持稳定, 意向性自我调节和幸福感的发展均呈线性递增趋势; 学校资源能够通过意向性自我调节的初始水平和发展速度对幸福感的发展起间接作用。
图/表 6
表1学校资源、意向性自我调节和幸福感的相关(N = 1051)
| 变量 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.学校资源T1 | 1 | ||||||||
| 2.学校资源T2 | 0.57*** | 1 | |||||||
| 3.学校资源T3 | 0.49*** | 0.56*** | 1 | ||||||
| 4.意向性自我调节T1 | 0.40*** | 0.23*** | 0.21*** | 1 | |||||
| 5.意向性自我调节T2 | 0.29*** | 0.36*** | 0.27*** | 0.32*** | 1 | ||||
| 6.意向性自我调节T3 | 0.31*** | 0.29*** | 0.40*** | 0.22*** | 0.34*** | 1 | |||
| 7.幸福感T1 | 0.54*** | 0.35*** | 0.31*** | 0.32*** | 0.27*** | 0.28*** | 1 | ||
| 8.幸福感T2 | 0.37*** | 0.48*** | 0.34*** | 0.26*** | 0.32*** | 0.28*** | 0.51*** | 1 | |
| 9.幸福感T3 | 0.31*** | 0.31*** | 0.50*** | 0.17*** | 0.21*** | 0.35*** | 0.41*** | 0.54*** | 1 |
| M | 20.78 | 20.95 | 20.90 | 33.13 | 33.63 | 34.75 | 34.45 | 34.22 | 34.85 |
| SD | 5.30 | 5.49 | 5.50 | 5.28 | 5.61 | 5.38 | 6.37 | 6.42 | 6.55 |
表1学校资源、意向性自我调节和幸福感的相关(N = 1051)
| 变量 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.学校资源T1 | 1 | ||||||||
| 2.学校资源T2 | 0.57*** | 1 | |||||||
| 3.学校资源T3 | 0.49*** | 0.56*** | 1 | ||||||
| 4.意向性自我调节T1 | 0.40*** | 0.23*** | 0.21*** | 1 | |||||
| 5.意向性自我调节T2 | 0.29*** | 0.36*** | 0.27*** | 0.32*** | 1 | ||||
| 6.意向性自我调节T3 | 0.31*** | 0.29*** | 0.40*** | 0.22*** | 0.34*** | 1 | |||
| 7.幸福感T1 | 0.54*** | 0.35*** | 0.31*** | 0.32*** | 0.27*** | 0.28*** | 1 | ||
| 8.幸福感T2 | 0.37*** | 0.48*** | 0.34*** | 0.26*** | 0.32*** | 0.28*** | 0.51*** | 1 | |
| 9.幸福感T3 | 0.31*** | 0.31*** | 0.50*** | 0.17*** | 0.21*** | 0.35*** | 0.41*** | 0.54*** | 1 |
| M | 20.78 | 20.95 | 20.90 | 33.13 | 33.63 | 34.75 | 34.45 | 34.22 | 34.85 |
| SD | 5.30 | 5.49 | 5.50 | 5.28 | 5.61 | 5.38 | 6.37 | 6.42 | 6.55 |
表2主要研究变量的潜在增长模型拟合指数与截距和斜率
| 变量 | χ2 | df | RMSEA | CFI | TLI | 平均数 | 协相关 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 截距 | 斜率 | |||||||
| 意向性自我调节 | 3.83 | 1 | 0.051 | 0.992 | 0.977 | 33.03*** | 0.44*** | -0.24* |
| 幸福感 | 5.05 | 1 | 0.014 | 0.995 | 0.986 | 34.16*** | 0.11* | -0.20* |
| 学校资源 | 0.19 | 1 | < 0.001 | 1.000 | 1.003 | |||
表2主要研究变量的潜在增长模型拟合指数与截距和斜率
| 变量 | χ2 | df | RMSEA | CFI | TLI | 平均数 | 协相关 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 截距 | 斜率 | |||||||
| 意向性自我调节 | 3.83 | 1 | 0.051 | 0.992 | 0.977 | 33.03*** | 0.44*** | -0.24* |
| 幸福感 | 5.05 | 1 | 0.014 | 0.995 | 0.986 | 34.16*** | 0.11* | -0.20* |
| 学校资源 | 0.19 | 1 | < 0.001 | 1.000 | 1.003 | |||
图1学校资源作为预测变量的有条件增长模型
图1学校资源作为预测变量的有条件增长模型
图2意向性自我调节的纵向中介模型
图2意向性自我调节的纵向中介模型表3纵向中介模型中的直接路径
| 直接路径 | β | B | SE | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 学校资源→意向性自我 调节截距 | 0.63 | 0.39 | 0.04 | 0.000 |
| 学校资源→意向性自我 调节斜率 | 0.52 | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.000 |
| 学校资源→幸福感截距 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.07 | 0.000 |
| 学校资源→幸福感斜率 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.19 | 0.296 |
| 意向性自我调节截距→ 幸福感截距 | 0.53 | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.000 |
| 意向性自我调节截距→ 幸福感斜率 | -0.67 | -0.51 | 0.17 | 0.000 |
| 意向性自我调节斜率→ 幸福感斜率 | 0.74 | 0.92 | 0.19 | 0.000 |
表3纵向中介模型中的直接路径
| 直接路径 | β | B | SE | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 学校资源→意向性自我 调节截距 | 0.63 | 0.39 | 0.04 | 0.000 |
| 学校资源→意向性自我 调节斜率 | 0.52 | 0.20 | 0.07 | 0.000 |
| 学校资源→幸福感截距 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.07 | 0.000 |
| 学校资源→幸福感斜率 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.19 | 0.296 |
| 意向性自我调节截距→ 幸福感截距 | 0.53 | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.000 |
| 意向性自我调节截距→ 幸福感斜率 | -0.67 | -0.51 | 0.17 | 0.000 |
| 意向性自我调节斜率→ 幸福感斜率 | 0.74 | 0.92 | 0.19 | 0.000 |
表4纵向中介模型中的间接路径
| 间接路径 | 间接效应 | p | 95% bootstrap | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 学校资源→意向性自我调节截距→幸福感截距 | 0.33 | 0.000 | 0.202 | 0.463 |
| 学校资源→意向性自我调节截距→幸福感斜率 | -0.42 | 0.000 | -0.655 | -0.186 |
| 学校资源→意向性自我调节斜率→幸福感斜率 | 0.39 | 0.009 | 0.098 | 0.674 |
表4纵向中介模型中的间接路径
| 间接路径 | 间接效应 | p | 95% bootstrap | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 学校资源→意向性自我调节截距→幸福感截距 | 0.33 | 0.000 | 0.202 | 0.463 |
| 学校资源→意向性自我调节截距→幸福感斜率 | -0.42 | 0.000 | -0.655 | -0.186 |
| 学校资源→意向性自我调节斜率→幸福感斜率 | 0.39 | 0.009 | 0.098 | 0.674 |
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