) 1 北京科技大学东凌经济管理学院, 北京 100083
2 清华大学经济管理学院, 北京 100084
收稿日期:2019-04-25出版日期:2020-06-25发布日期:2020-04-22通讯作者:王雪莉E-mail:wangxl@sem.tsinghua.edu.cn基金资助:* 中央高校基本科研业务费(FRF-TP-19-063A1);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(71421061)Where there's a will, there's a way: Intrinsic motivational orientation, idea quality, and idea implementation
DONG Niannian1, WANG Xueli2() 1 Donlinks School of Economics and Management, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2 School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Received:2019-04-25Online:2020-06-25Published:2020-04-22Contact:WANG Xueli E-mail:wangxl@sem.tsinghua.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 本研究基于自我决定理论和耶鲁态度改变理论, 以创意提出者的内在动机倾向为起点, 探索其对创意质量的影响, 创意质量和创意提出者所获奖励进一步影响了创意实施, 纵向追踪创意从提出到实施的创新历程。针对251份多时点、多来源配对数据的分析结果表明：(1)创意提出者的内在动机倾向积极预测创意质量; (2)创意质量对创意实施有显著的正向影响; (3)创意提出者所获奖励积极预测创意实施; (4)创意质量和创意提出者所获奖励交互影响创意实施：对于低奖励的创意提出者而言, 创意质量对创意实施的正向影响更加强烈。以上研究发现弥合了创造力领域和创意实施领域的理论分野, 对企业创新管理实践有较强的启发。
图/表 4
表1数据收集情况
| 时点 | 创新提案项目开展阶段 | 研究数据收集情况 |
|---|---|---|
| 时点1 | 创意提出阶段 | 研究者向创新提案项目管理者提取创意提出者信息和创意内容。 |
| 时点2 | 创意评估阶段 | (1)研究者向7名内部专家提取440条创意质量数据和创意提出者获奖的二手数据。 (2)研究者在客户体验管理部和人力资源管理部的支持下, 对440名创意提出者发放问卷, 收集其人口统计学信息和内在动机倾向数据, 共回收251份有效问卷。 |
| 时点3 | 创意实施阶段 | 研究者向创新提案项目管理者提取创意实施的二手数据。 |
表1数据收集情况
| 时点 | 创新提案项目开展阶段 | 研究数据收集情况 |
|---|---|---|
| 时点1 | 创意提出阶段 | 研究者向创新提案项目管理者提取创意提出者信息和创意内容。 |
| 时点2 | 创意评估阶段 | (1)研究者向7名内部专家提取440条创意质量数据和创意提出者获奖的二手数据。 (2)研究者在客户体验管理部和人力资源管理部的支持下, 对440名创意提出者发放问卷, 收集其人口统计学信息和内在动机倾向数据, 共回收251份有效问卷。 |
| 时点3 | 创意实施阶段 | 研究者向创新提案项目管理者提取创意实施的二手数据。 |
表2描述性统计与相关系数矩阵
| 变量名 | M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.年龄 | 29.88 | 3.79 | ||||||||||||
| 2.性别 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0.03 | |||||||||||
| 3.教育程度 | 1.79 | 0.44 | 0.11 | 0.03 | ||||||||||
| 4.风险管理部 | 0.11 | 0.32 | 0.25*** | 0.03 | 0.02 | |||||||||
| 5.运营中心 | 0.55 | 0.50 | -0.28*** | -0.28*** | -0.05 | -0.39*** | ||||||||
| 6.资产管理部 | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.16** | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.12 | -0.38*** | |||||||
| 7.客户关系管理部 | 0.12 | 0.33 | -0.10 | 0.17** | -0.05 | -0.13* | -0.40*** | -0.13* | ||||||
| 8.组织任期 | 5.83 | 3.47 | 0.79*** | -0.12 | 0.07 | 0.37*** | -0.14* | 0.25*** | -0.28*** | |||||
| 9.职位任期 | 3.10 | 2.00 | 0.08 | -0.31*** | -0.06 | -0.08 | 0.28*** | -0.00 | 0.18** | 0.20*** | ||||
| 10.内在动机倾向 | 5.27 | 0.47 | 0.04 | 0.15* | 0.04 | -0.09 | -0.10 | 0.02 | 0.07 | -0.03 | -0.10 | |||
| 11.奖励 | 1.63 | 0.54 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.10 | -0.11 | 0.10 | -0.07 | 0.15* | 0.09 | 0.13* | ||
| 12.创意质量 | 1.35 | 0.76 | 0.13* | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.15* | -0.12 | 0.11 | -0.12 | 0.25*** | -0.04 | 0.17** | 0.28*** | |
| 13.创意实施 | 2.16 | 0.76 | 0.06 | 0.02 | -0.05 | 0.10 | -0.15* | 0.12 | -0.03 | 0.08 | -0.01 | 0.15* | 0.66*** | 0.24*** |
表2描述性统计与相关系数矩阵
| 变量名 | M | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.年龄 | 29.88 | 3.79 | ||||||||||||
| 2.性别 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0.03 | |||||||||||
| 3.教育程度 | 1.79 | 0.44 | 0.11 | 0.03 | ||||||||||
| 4.风险管理部 | 0.11 | 0.32 | 0.25*** | 0.03 | 0.02 | |||||||||
| 5.运营中心 | 0.55 | 0.50 | -0.28*** | -0.28*** | -0.05 | -0.39*** | ||||||||
| 6.资产管理部 | 0.11 | 0.31 | 0.16** | -0.09 | 0.05 | -0.12 | -0.38*** | |||||||
| 7.客户关系管理部 | 0.12 | 0.33 | -0.10 | 0.17** | -0.05 | -0.13* | -0.40*** | -0.13* | ||||||
| 8.组织任期 | 5.83 | 3.47 | 0.79*** | -0.12 | 0.07 | 0.37*** | -0.14* | 0.25*** | -0.28*** | |||||
| 9.职位任期 | 3.10 | 2.00 | 0.08 | -0.31*** | -0.06 | -0.08 | 0.28*** | -0.00 | 0.18** | 0.20*** | ||||
| 10.内在动机倾向 | 5.27 | 0.47 | 0.04 | 0.15* | 0.04 | -0.09 | -0.10 | 0.02 | 0.07 | -0.03 | -0.10 | |||
| 11.奖励 | 1.63 | 0.54 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.05 | 0.10 | -0.11 | 0.10 | -0.07 | 0.15* | 0.09 | 0.13* | ||
| 12.创意质量 | 1.35 | 0.76 | 0.13* | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.15* | -0.12 | 0.11 | -0.12 | 0.25*** | -0.04 | 0.17** | 0.28*** | |
| 13.创意实施 | 2.16 | 0.76 | 0.06 | 0.02 | -0.05 | 0.10 | -0.15* | 0.12 | -0.03 | 0.08 | -0.01 | 0.15* | 0.66*** | 0.24*** |
表3回归分析表
| 变量类型 | 创意质量 | 创意实施 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | 模型6 | |
| 控制变量 | ||||||
| 年龄 | -0.05* (0.02) | -0.06* (0.02) | -0.01 (0.02) | -0.00 (0.02) | -0.00 (0.02) | -0.01(0.02) |
| 性别 | 0.14 (0.13) | 0.11 (0.12) | 0.00 (0.13) | -0.03 (0.13) | -0.05 (0.10) | -0.04(0.10) |
| 教育程度 | 0.14 (0.11) | 0.13 (0.11) | -0.10 (0.11) | -0.14 (0.11) | -0.15 (0.09) | -0.15(0.08) |
| 风险管理部 | -0.09 (0.22) | -0.02 (0.22) | 0.01 (0.23) | 0.03 (0.23) | 0.01 (0.18) | 0.04(0.17) |
| 运营中心 | -0.25 (0.17) | -0.21 (0.17) | -0.28 (0.18) | -0.23 (0.18) | -0.13 (0.14) | -0.11(0.13) |
| 资产管理部 | -0.08 (0.22) | -0.06 (0.22) | 0.07 (0.23) | 0.09 (0.22) | 0.06 (0.17) | 0.12(0.17) |
| 客户关系管理部 | -0.28 (0.19) | -0.26 (0.19) | -0.19 (0.20) | -0.13 (0.20) | -0.07 (0.15) | -0.01(0.15) |
| 组织任期 | 0.10*** (0.03) | 0.10*** (0.03) | 0.02 (0.03) | -0.00 (0.03) | -0.01 (0.02) | -0.01(0.02) |
| 职位任期 | -0.02 (0.03) | -0.02 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.03) | -0.02 (0.02) | -0.02(0.02) |
| 主效应 | ||||||
| 内在动机倾向 | 0.27** (0.10) | |||||
| 创意质量 | 0.23** (0.07) | 0.17**(0.06) | ||||
| 奖励 | 0.93*** (0.07) | 0.94***(0.07) | ||||
| 两重交互项 | ||||||
| 创意质量×奖励 | -0.25*** (0.06) | |||||
| F | 3.45** | 3.95*** | 1.10 | 2.19* | 19.71*** | 19.01*** |
| R2 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.45 | 0.49 |
| ΔR2 | 0.03** | 0.04** | 0.04*** | |||
表3回归分析表
| 变量类型 | 创意质量 | 创意实施 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 | 模型5 | 模型6 | |
| 控制变量 | ||||||
| 年龄 | -0.05* (0.02) | -0.06* (0.02) | -0.01 (0.02) | -0.00 (0.02) | -0.00 (0.02) | -0.01(0.02) |
| 性别 | 0.14 (0.13) | 0.11 (0.12) | 0.00 (0.13) | -0.03 (0.13) | -0.05 (0.10) | -0.04(0.10) |
| 教育程度 | 0.14 (0.11) | 0.13 (0.11) | -0.10 (0.11) | -0.14 (0.11) | -0.15 (0.09) | -0.15(0.08) |
| 风险管理部 | -0.09 (0.22) | -0.02 (0.22) | 0.01 (0.23) | 0.03 (0.23) | 0.01 (0.18) | 0.04(0.17) |
| 运营中心 | -0.25 (0.17) | -0.21 (0.17) | -0.28 (0.18) | -0.23 (0.18) | -0.13 (0.14) | -0.11(0.13) |
| 资产管理部 | -0.08 (0.22) | -0.06 (0.22) | 0.07 (0.23) | 0.09 (0.22) | 0.06 (0.17) | 0.12(0.17) |
| 客户关系管理部 | -0.28 (0.19) | -0.26 (0.19) | -0.19 (0.20) | -0.13 (0.20) | -0.07 (0.15) | -0.01(0.15) |
| 组织任期 | 0.10*** (0.03) | 0.10*** (0.03) | 0.02 (0.03) | -0.00 (0.03) | -0.01 (0.02) | -0.01(0.02) |
| 职位任期 | -0.02 (0.03) | -0.02 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.03) | 0.01 (0.03) | -0.02 (0.02) | -0.02(0.02) |
| 主效应 | ||||||
| 内在动机倾向 | 0.27** (0.10) | |||||
| 创意质量 | 0.23** (0.07) | 0.17**(0.06) | ||||
| 奖励 | 0.93*** (0.07) | 0.94***(0.07) | ||||
| 两重交互项 | ||||||
| 创意质量×奖励 | -0.25*** (0.06) | |||||
| F | 3.45** | 3.95*** | 1.10 | 2.19* | 19.71*** | 19.01*** |
| R2 | 0.11 | 0.14 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.45 | 0.49 |
| ΔR2 | 0.03** | 0.04** | 0.04*** | |||
图1创意质量与奖励对创意实施的交互作用图
图1创意质量与奖励对创意实施的交互作用图参考文献 49
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