汉字形声字识别中义符和声符的家族效应

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王娟¹, 马雪梅¹, 李兵兵¹, 张积家²(

)

¹ 江苏师范大学教育科学学院, 徐州 221116
² 中国人民大学心理学系、国家民委民族语言文化心理重点研究基地、教育部民族教育发展中心民族心理与教育重点研究基地, 北京 100872

收稿日期:2018-09-19出版日期:2019-08-25发布日期:2019-06-24
通讯作者:张积家E-mail:Zhangjj1955@163.com

基金资助:* 江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20170234);江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20181008);国家民委民族研究重点项目"少数民族学生双语学习认知规律研究"(2017-GMA-004);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目成果

The neighborhood effect of semantic and phonetic radicals in phonogram recognition

WANG Juan¹, MA Xuemei¹, LI Bingbing¹, ZHANG Jijia²(

)

¹ School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
² Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission Key Research Center for National Language Cultural Psychology, Ethnic Education Development Research Center of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100872, China

Received:2018-09-19Online:2019-08-25Published:2019-06-24
Contact:ZHANG Jijia E-mail:Zhangjj1955@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用词汇判断任务和ERP技术, 操纵义符和声符的家族大小, 考察形声字识别中义符和声符的家族效应。结果发现：(1)当义符为大家族时, 大家族声符字比小家族声符字诱发了更小的P200波幅; 当义符为小家族时, 大家族声符字和小家族声符字诱发的P200波幅差异不显著。(2)大家族声符字比小家族声符字诱发了更大的N400波幅, 但当义符为大家族时, 大、小家族声符字之间的差异比义符为小家族时更加显著。这说明, 义符和声符的家族大小共同影响形声字的识别, 声符的家族效应受义符的家族大小调节。研究表明, 在词汇识别的不同阶段, 义符和声符对资源的获取处于变化状态, 这取决于两者的呈现率差异。整个研究表明, 在形声字的识别中, 义符与声符的作用存在着博弈, 二者作用的此消彼长与加工阶段和家族大小有关。

图/表 9

表1真字材料举例及特征信息

汉字类型	材料举例	平均字频	平均笔画数
HH	扛, 吵, 泡	0.002443 (0.0026)	9.72 (1.79)
HL	捏, 吼, 泻	0.001551 (0.0011)	9.60 (2.00)
LH	衬, 陪, 狗	0.004279 (0.0099)	9.47 (2.39)
LL	裤, 随, 猿	0.003109 (0.0055)	9.57 (2.27)

表1真字材料举例及特征信息

汉字类型	材料举例	平均字频	平均笔画数
HH	扛, 吵, 泡	0.002443 (0.0026)	9.72 (1.79)
HL	捏, 吼, 泻	0.001551 (0.0011)	9.60 (2.00)
LH	衬, 陪, 狗	0.004279 (0.0099)	9.47 (2.39)
LL	裤, 随, 猿	0.003109 (0.0055)	9.57 (2.27)

图1实验流程图

图1实验流程图

表2假字材料举例及特征信息

表2假字材料举例及特征信息

图2HH、HL、LH、LL四类汉字的平均波幅图

图3P200成分各电极点平均波幅

图4N400成分各电极点平均波幅

图5大家族义符水平上大家族声符字与小家族声符字的平均波幅图

图6小家族义符水平上大家族声符字与小家族声符字的平均波幅图

图7大、小家族义符水平上大、小家族声符字的差异波(大家族声符–小家族声符)在180~300 ms和300~500 ms 时间窗口的脑电地形图

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