) 华南师范大学心理学院; 教育部脑认知与教育科学重点实验室(华南师范大学); 华南师范大学心理应用研究中心; 华南师范大学广东省心理健康与认知科学重点实验室, 广州 510631
收稿日期:2020-09-18出版日期:2021-10-15发布日期:2021-08-23基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32000741);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515011100);广东省区域联合基金青年基金项目(2020A1515110223);广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2020KQNCX020);广州市基础研究计划基础与应用基础研究项目(202102020761);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32000785);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515011185);广州市基础研究计划基础与应用基础研究项目(202102020274)Application of electrical brain stimulation in the auditory language processing
MA Minxuan, LI Wenjie, QIN Mengling, WEI Yaohong, TAN Qianbao, SHEN Lu, CHEN Qi, HAN Biao() School of Psychology, South China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education; Center for Studies of Psychological Application, South China Normal University; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
Received:2020-09-18Online:2021-10-15Published:2021-08-23摘要/Abstract
摘要： 大脑电刺激是历史悠久但近年来才广泛应用在人类被试上的实验技术。通过对颅内刺激位点进行电刺激, 并分析引发的暂时性行为功能变化和记录位点的电位活动, 大脑电刺激技术可以揭示认知加工过程中脑区内的功能作用与脑区间的有效连接。通过对听觉语言加工过程相关的丘脑、听觉皮层、高级语言皮层进行电刺激, 现有研究发现了各个脑区的不同功能特点以及不同脑区间的信息传递机制, 为进一步探索听觉语言加工的神经机制提供了新的视角。
图/表 4
图1听觉语言加工过程示意图。 听觉语言信息从丘脑传到听觉皮层, 再由听觉皮层依次传导到颞叶、额叶语言区, 同时额叶语言区将信息反馈到颞叶语言区。 图片修改于：OpenStax, CC BY 4.0; Cancer Research UK, CC BY-SA via Wikimedia Commons.
图1听觉语言加工过程示意图。 听觉语言信息从丘脑传到听觉皮层, 再由听觉皮层依次传导到颞叶、额叶语言区, 同时额叶语言区将信息反馈到颞叶语言区。 图片修改于：OpenStax, CC BY 4.0; Cancer Research UK, CC BY-SA via Wikimedia Commons.
图2CCEP示意图。当刺激某一区域的电极位点(红色位点)之后, 可以在有联系的位点(绿色位点)记录到诱发电位。 注：虚线为颅内立体定向电极。图片修改于: CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
图2CCEP示意图。当刺激某一区域的电极位点(红色位点)之后, 可以在有联系的位点(绿色位点)记录到诱发电位。 注：虚线为颅内立体定向电极。图片修改于: CNX OpenStax, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.表1大脑电刺激在听觉语言加工中的应用研究(脑区连接部分)
| 研究 | N | 年龄mean (min~max) | 刺激位点 | 记录位点 | 频率 (Hz) | 电流强度 (mA) | 时长(ms) | 主要结论 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rosenberg et al. ( | 7 | 34 (16~47) | PuM, 皮层广泛位置 | 皮层广泛位置, PuM | 0.2 | 3 | 1 | 丘脑内侧枕与皮层有广泛联系 |
| Atencio et al. ( | 5 | 成年 | MGB | PAC | 2 | (20~35.6) ×10-6 | 0.2 | 用低强度电流刺激猫丘脑可以激活听觉皮层 |
| Howard et al. ( | 18 | / | HG | PLST | 1/2 | 1~4 | 0.2 | HG与PLST之间存在单向投射 |
| Brugge et al. ( | 7 | 38 (19~46) | HG, PLST | HG, PLST | 1/0.5 | 1~4 | 0.2 | HG与PLST之间存在双向投射 |
| Matsumoto et al. ( | 8 | 24.9 (13~42) | 颞叶, 额叶, 面部运动区 | 颞叶, 额叶, 顶叶, 中央沟 | 1 | 12 | 0.3 | Perisylvian内的双向连接 |
| Entz et al. ( | 25 | 31.6 (15~60) | 颞叶, 额叶 | 颞叶, 额叶 | 0.5/1 | 10 | 0.2 | 颞叶、额叶等语言网络之间的双向投射 |
| Kanno et al. ( | 27 | / (13~43) | 额叶 | 颞顶区 | 1 | 10 | / | 个体的额叶和颞顶叶在半球之间的连接比较 |
| Nakae et al. ( | 14 | 45.9 (21~79) | IFG, 外侧颞-枕区 | IFG, 外侧颞-枕区 | 1 | 15 | 0.3 | 左IFG各部分分别与颞叶呈梯度性连接 |
表1大脑电刺激在听觉语言加工中的应用研究(脑区连接部分)
| 研究 | N | 年龄mean (min~max) | 刺激位点 | 记录位点 | 频率 (Hz) | 电流强度 (mA) | 时长(ms) | 主要结论 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rosenberg et al. ( | 7 | 34 (16~47) | PuM, 皮层广泛位置 | 皮层广泛位置, PuM | 0.2 | 3 | 1 | 丘脑内侧枕与皮层有广泛联系 |
| Atencio et al. ( | 5 | 成年 | MGB | PAC | 2 | (20~35.6) ×10-6 | 0.2 | 用低强度电流刺激猫丘脑可以激活听觉皮层 |
| Howard et al. ( | 18 | / | HG | PLST | 1/2 | 1~4 | 0.2 | HG与PLST之间存在单向投射 |
| Brugge et al. ( | 7 | 38 (19~46) | HG, PLST | HG, PLST | 1/0.5 | 1~4 | 0.2 | HG与PLST之间存在双向投射 |
| Matsumoto et al. ( | 8 | 24.9 (13~42) | 颞叶, 额叶, 面部运动区 | 颞叶, 额叶, 顶叶, 中央沟 | 1 | 12 | 0.3 | Perisylvian内的双向连接 |
| Entz et al. ( | 25 | 31.6 (15~60) | 颞叶, 额叶 | 颞叶, 额叶 | 0.5/1 | 10 | 0.2 | 颞叶、额叶等语言网络之间的双向投射 |
| Kanno et al. ( | 27 | / (13~43) | 额叶 | 颞顶区 | 1 | 10 | / | 个体的额叶和颞顶叶在半球之间的连接比较 |
| Nakae et al. ( | 14 | 45.9 (21~79) | IFG, 外侧颞-枕区 | IFG, 外侧颞-枕区 | 1 | 15 | 0.3 | 左IFG各部分分别与颞叶呈梯度性连接 |
表2大脑电刺激在听觉语言加工中的应用研究(功能特点方面)
| 研究 | N | 年龄mean (min~max) | 刺激位点 | 记录位点 | 频率(Hz) | 电流强度(mA) | 时长(ms) | 主要结论 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ma et al. ( | 11 | 成年 | MGBv/m | A1 | 10 | 0.0001 | 0.2 | 刺激蝙蝠MGB不同部位对A1的影响不同 |
| Zhang et al. ( | 9 | 成年 | 听觉皮层 | MGB | 5 | 0.0001 | 0.2 | 髭蝠听觉皮层对丘脑神经元的反馈作用 |
| Sinai et al. ( | 6 | 35.7(23~58) | STG | STG | 50 | 10~15 | 0.3 | 颞上回中/后部均影响听觉语言知觉和听觉理解 |
| Boatman et al. ( | 5 | 32(17~47) | 左STG | 左STG | <15 | 0.3 | 左STG辅音和元音知觉是有差异的 | |
| Suzuki et al. ( | 7 | 22(18~47) | PLST | PLST | 50 | 0~15 | 0.4 | 双侧PLST的功能不同 |
| Matsumoto et al. ( | 2 | 31(30~32) | STG/STS, pMTG, pITG | STG/STS, pMTG, pITG | 50 | / | 0.3 | 左颞叶前区在听觉语言感知中的作用 |
| Roux et al. ( | 90 | 48(18~74) | 额叶, 顶叶, 颞叶 | 额叶, 顶叶, 颞叶 | 60 | 4~12 | 1 | 左侧颞上回参与单词理解的加工 |
表2大脑电刺激在听觉语言加工中的应用研究(功能特点方面)
| 研究 | N | 年龄mean (min~max) | 刺激位点 | 记录位点 | 频率(Hz) | 电流强度(mA) | 时长(ms) | 主要结论 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ma et al. ( | 11 | 成年 | MGBv/m | A1 | 10 | 0.0001 | 0.2 | 刺激蝙蝠MGB不同部位对A1的影响不同 |
| Zhang et al. ( | 9 | 成年 | 听觉皮层 | MGB | 5 | 0.0001 | 0.2 | 髭蝠听觉皮层对丘脑神经元的反馈作用 |
| Sinai et al. ( | 6 | 35.7(23~58) | STG | STG | 50 | 10~15 | 0.3 | 颞上回中/后部均影响听觉语言知觉和听觉理解 |
| Boatman et al. ( | 5 | 32(17~47) | 左STG | 左STG | <15 | 0.3 | 左STG辅音和元音知觉是有差异的 | |
| Suzuki et al. ( | 7 | 22(18~47) | PLST | PLST | 50 | 0~15 | 0.4 | 双侧PLST的功能不同 |
| Matsumoto et al. ( | 2 | 31(30~32) | STG/STS, pMTG, pITG | STG/STS, pMTG, pITG | 50 | / | 0.3 | 左颞叶前区在听觉语言感知中的作用 |
| Roux et al. ( | 90 | 48(18~74) | 额叶, 顶叶, 颞叶 | 额叶, 顶叶, 颞叶 | 60 | 4~12 | 1 | 左侧颞上回参与单词理解的加工 |
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