神经美学视角的审美愉悦加工机制

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张璇¹(

), 周晓林²(

)

¹中央美术学院心理健康中心, 北京 100102
²上海外国语大学语言研究院, 上海 201600

收稿日期:2020-11-01出版日期:2021-10-15发布日期:2021-08-23
通讯作者:张璇,周晓林E-mail:zhangxuan@cafa.edu.cn;xz104@pku.edu.cn

基金资助:中央美术学院青年教师科研启动项目(19QNQD158)

The processing mechanism of aesthetic pleasure in the perspective of neuroaesthetics

ZHANG Xuan¹(

), ZHOU Xiaolin²(

)

¹Mental Health Center, Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing 100102, China
²Institute of Linguistics, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai 201600, China

Received:2020-11-01Online:2021-10-15Published:2021-08-23
Contact:ZHANG Xuan,ZHOU Xiaolin E-mail:zhangxuan@cafa.edu.cn;xz104@pku.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 审美对象特有的刺激属性会唤起观赏者特定的情绪或情感反应。个体在欣赏自然、艺术品和其他人类作品时会产生审美愉悦体验。审美愉悦-兴趣模型(PIA)认为, 审美愉悦体验包含审美过程中自动化加工阶段的审美愉悦和控制加工阶段的审美兴趣。近年来, 神经美学研究表明, 负责愉悦和奖赏的眶额叶皮层在审美过程中广泛激活, 是自动化加工阶段初级审美愉悦奖赏的神经基础, 而审美过程中纹状体亚回路中不同的连接和功能作用与两个阶段中审美愉悦的产生都有关联; 上述结果支持了审美愉悦-兴趣模型。但审美高峰体验时默认模式网络(DMN)相关脑区的激活和负责控制与理性思维的外侧前额叶皮层等脑区的失活, 提示在PIA模型强调的自动化加工阶段审美愉悦和控制加工阶段审美兴趣之上, 还有整合升华阶段的审美沉浸愉悦, PIA模型需得到进一步的扩展。未来研究应进一步检验审美愉悦认知加工模型及神经机制, 探索审美对创造力的影响机制和神经基础, 探讨不同审美经验愉悦机制的异同。

图/表 1

图1审美愉悦PIA理论扩展模型

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