) 1南京师范大学心理学院
2南京师范大学文学院, 南京 210097
收稿日期:2020-09-21发布日期:2021-07-22通讯作者:顾文涛E-mail:wtgu@njnu.edu.cn基金资助:国家社科基金重大项目(13&ZD189);江苏高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队建设项目(2017STD006)Encoding mechanism in directed forgetting
KOU Dongxiao1, GU Wentao1,2() 1School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
2School of Chinese Language and Culture, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
Received:2020-09-21Published:2021-07-22Contact:GU Wentao E-mail:wtgu@njnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 有目的的遗忘(定向遗忘)需要耗费认知努力吗?有研究发现, 定向遗忘可能是被动衰减的结果, 即F项目(需要遗忘的项目)未获得有效复述是选择性复述了R项目(需要记住的项目)造成的, 这一加工过程不需要认知努力; 但也有研究表明, 定向遗忘过程可能是遗忘线索诱发的对记忆加工的主动抑制, 需要耗费认知努力, 脑认知研究中发现的前额叶ERPs成分为这一机制提供了证据。还有一种观点认为, 定向遗忘编码过程可能同时包含主动抑制与被动衰减, 但是尚不清楚两种加工机制相互作用的方式。为进一步澄清定向遗忘编码阶段的认知机制, 未来研究需要将非认知因素纳入考察, 并关注不同人群的定向遗忘特征, 在此基础上尝试解决理论争议。
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