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如何克服边界条件：来自记忆强度影响记忆去稳定的分子机制的启示

本站小编 Free考研考试/2022-01-01
朱俊萍()
首都师范大学心理学院, 北京 100037
收稿日期:2020-08-08发布日期:2021-06-25
通讯作者:朱俊萍E-mail:2183502013@cnu.edu.cn



How to overcome boundary conditions: Implications from the molecular mechanism of memory strength as a constraint on destabilization

ZHU Junping()
School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100037, China
Received:2020-08-08Published:2021-06-25
Contact:ZHU Junping E-mail:2183502013@cnu.edu.cn






摘要/Abstract


摘要： 长时记忆在激活后首先会变得不稳定(去稳定过程), 继而会经历一个再巩固过程重新稳定下来以维持记忆的关联性。在再巩固期间给予电击、药理或行为训练以干预记忆再巩固, 可以更改原有记忆的强度或内容。这有望成为临床上治疗病理性记忆的一种方法。然而, 一些边界条件(记忆痕迹强、时间久远等)导致记忆在简单激活后不能去稳定, 不会经历再巩固过程, 使干预再巩固的方法无法发挥作用。动物实验表明, 通过药理学地调控参与记忆去稳定的分子的活动以促进记忆去稳定, 可以成功克服边界条件。可见, 边界条件不是绝对的。未来研究可进一步探索更多、更优的促进记忆去稳定并克服边界条件的方法, 提升干预记忆再巩固疗法的临床应用潜能。



图1突触活动调控蛋白降解的三种途径(图片参考自Kaang & Choi, 2012)
图1突触活动调控蛋白降解的三种途径(图片参考自Kaang & Choi, 2012)


表1参与记忆去稳定的分子
记忆类型 被试 给药位置 激活前给药 激活后干预 文献来源
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Mamou et al., 2006
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR亚型GluN2B拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Milton et al., 2013
成瘾记忆 小鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR亚型GluN2B拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Yu et al., 2016
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR亚型GluN2B拮抗剂 糖水 Monti et al., 2016
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 AMPAR亚型GluA2内吞作用阻滞剂 茴香霉素 Hong et al., 2014
恐惧记忆 小鼠 背侧海马 LVGCCs抑制剂 茴香霉素 Suzuki et al., 2008
空间记忆 小鼠 背侧海马 LVGCCs抑制剂 茴香霉素 Kim et al., 2011
恐惧记忆 大鼠 背侧海马 LVGCCs抑制剂 行为干预 Crestani et al., 2015
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 CaMKII抑制剂 茴香霉素 Jarome et al., 2016
食欲记忆 大鼠 中脑腹侧被盖区 GABAA/B激动剂或D2受体拮抗剂 MK-801 Reichelt et al., 2013
食欲记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 D1/D2受体拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Merlo et al., 2015
物体再认记忆 大鼠 背侧海马 D1/D5受体拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Rossato et al., 2015
物体再认记忆 大鼠 嗅周皮层 M受体拮抗剂 MK-801 Stiver et al., 2015
恐惧记忆 小鼠 腹腔 β肾上腺素受体拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Lim et al., 2018

表1参与记忆去稳定的分子
记忆类型 被试 给药位置 激活前给药 激活后干预 文献来源
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Mamou et al., 2006
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR亚型GluN2B拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Milton et al., 2013
成瘾记忆 小鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR亚型GluN2B拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Yu et al., 2016
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 NMDAR亚型GluN2B拮抗剂 糖水 Monti et al., 2016
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 AMPAR亚型GluA2内吞作用阻滞剂 茴香霉素 Hong et al., 2014
恐惧记忆 小鼠 背侧海马 LVGCCs抑制剂 茴香霉素 Suzuki et al., 2008
空间记忆 小鼠 背侧海马 LVGCCs抑制剂 茴香霉素 Kim et al., 2011
恐惧记忆 大鼠 背侧海马 LVGCCs抑制剂 行为干预 Crestani et al., 2015
恐惧记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 CaMKII抑制剂 茴香霉素 Jarome et al., 2016
食欲记忆 大鼠 中脑腹侧被盖区 GABAA/B激动剂或D2受体拮抗剂 MK-801 Reichelt et al., 2013
食欲记忆 大鼠 基底外侧杏仁核 D1/D2受体拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Merlo et al., 2015
物体再认记忆 大鼠 背侧海马 D1/D5受体拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Rossato et al., 2015
物体再认记忆 大鼠 嗅周皮层 M受体拮抗剂 MK-801 Stiver et al., 2015
恐惧记忆 小鼠 腹腔 β肾上腺素受体拮抗剂 茴香霉素 Lim et al., 2018



图2自噬作用于记忆去稳定的分子模型(资料来源：Shehata et al., 2018)
图2自噬作用于记忆去稳定的分子模型(资料来源：Shehata et al., 2018)







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