) 1 湖北大学教育学院, 武汉 430062
2 北京师范大学心理学部, 应用实验心理北京市重点实验室, 心理学国家级实验教学示范中心(北京师范大学), 北京 100875
3 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
收稿日期:2019-05-02出版日期:2019-12-15发布日期:2019-10-21通讯作者:张学民E-mail:xmzhang@bnu.edu.cn基金资助:* 应用实验心理北京市重点实验室开放课题、认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室开放课题(CNLZD1804);国家自然科学基金重点项目(61632014);国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(31271083)The neural mechanism of multiple object tracking
WEI Liuqing1,2, ZHANG Xuemin2,3() 1 Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
2 Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University); Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
3 State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Received:2019-05-02Online:2019-12-15Published:2019-10-21Contact:ZHANG Xuemin E-mail:xmzhang@bnu.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 多目标追踪任务是研究动态场景中视觉注意加工机制常用的范式。自1998年开始对多目标追踪神经机制的影像学研究以来, 研究者采用ERP和fMRI等技术对多目标注意追踪所涉及的神经电生理活动和脑功能区激活方面开展了大量研究。ERP研究发现, 追踪过程持续的ERP脑电成分如N2pc、CDA的波幅与注意追踪负荷有关, 并且出现在目标与非目标上的探测刺激诱发的脑电成分如N1、P1波幅的差异可反映注意资源的分配, 具体为目标在追踪过程中得到了激活, 而非目标受到了抑制。fMRI研究比较一致地发现了顶叶(包括前顶内沟、后顶内沟、顶上小叶)、背外侧额叶皮层等在注意追踪中的强烈激活。其中顶内沟主要与注意负荷有关, 顶内沟的活动水平直接决定了观察者注意追踪的行为表现。而顶上小叶可能更多的负责注意转移。背外侧额叶皮层可能负责追踪时的感觉运动预测过程。
图/表 1
表1多目标追踪涉及的相关脑区及其功能
| 脑区 | 功能 | 相关研究文献 |
|---|---|---|
| 顶内沟(IPS)、顶上小叶(SPL)、楔前叶(Precuneus)、额叶眼动区(FEF)、颞中区(MT) | 注意追踪激活的相关脑区 | Aln?s et al., 2014; Culham et al., 1998; Culham et al., 2001; Howe et al., 2009; Jahn et al., 2012; Jovicich et al., 2001; |
| 顶内沟(IPS) | 与注意负荷密切相关; 可能负责目标客体上索引的保持 | Battelli et al., 2009; Blumberg et al., 2015; Jahn et al., 2012; Aln?s et al., 2015 |
| 顶上小叶(SPL) | 可能负责注意转移 | Aln?s et al., 2015 |
| 楔前叶(Precuneus) | 可能负责空间方位的保持和更新 | Jahn et al., 2012 |
| 背外侧额叶皮层(DLFC) | 可能负责追踪时的感觉运动预测过程 | Atmaca et al., 2013 |
表1多目标追踪涉及的相关脑区及其功能
| 脑区 | 功能 | 相关研究文献 |
|---|---|---|
| 顶内沟(IPS)、顶上小叶(SPL)、楔前叶(Precuneus)、额叶眼动区(FEF)、颞中区(MT) | 注意追踪激活的相关脑区 | Aln?s et al., 2014; Culham et al., 1998; Culham et al., 2001; Howe et al., 2009; Jahn et al., 2012; Jovicich et al., 2001; |
| 顶内沟(IPS) | 与注意负荷密切相关; 可能负责目标客体上索引的保持 | Battelli et al., 2009; Blumberg et al., 2015; Jahn et al., 2012; Aln?s et al., 2015 |
| 顶上小叶(SPL) | 可能负责注意转移 | Aln?s et al., 2015 |
| 楔前叶(Precuneus) | 可能负责空间方位的保持和更新 | Jahn et al., 2012 |
| 背外侧额叶皮层(DLFC) | 可能负责追踪时的感觉运动预测过程 | Atmaca et al., 2013 |
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