) 中国人民大学心理学系, 北京 100872
收稿日期:2019-05-24出版日期:2019-12-15发布日期:2019-10-21通讯作者:张清芳E-mail:qingfang.zhang@ruc.edu.cn基金资助:* 北京市社科基金重点项目(16YYA006);中国人民大学科学研究基金项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项)项目(18XNLG28);国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(31471074);中国人民大学中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金支持Cognition or metacognition: The psychological mechanism of tip-of-the-tongue in spoken production
OUYANG Mingkun, CAI Xiao, ZHANG Qingfang() Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
Received:2019-05-24Online:2019-12-15Published:2019-10-21Contact:ZHANG Qingfang E-mail:qingfang.zhang@ruc.edu.cn摘要/Abstract
摘要： 舌尖效应(Tip-of-the-tongue, TOT)在口语产生领域存在认知和元认知两种研究视角。认知视角主要针对口语产生的词汇通达过程, 认为信息激活或提取不充分是TOT发生的主要原因。元认知视角则主要关注口语产生的元认知过程, 认为个体对目标词提取状态的监测引发了TOT。TOT的元认知过程不仅可以监测目标词的提取状态及词汇通达过程中相关信息的提取, 而且可以控制词汇通达过程, 使目标词在TOT发生后成功地提取出来。两种研究视角在TOT发生的认知机制、影响因素以及生理基础方面均存在分离。未来研究应该探讨TOT监测和控制口语产生的作用机制和生理基础, 关注汉语背景下TOT发生规律及其对口语产生年老化的积极影响。
图/表 3
图1TOT的传递缺陷假说
图1TOT的传递缺陷假说
图2TOT的启发式元认知模型(引自Schwartz & Metcalfe, 2011)
图2TOT的启发式元认知模型(引自Schwartz & Metcalfe, 2011)
图3认知和元认知视角下TOT发生机制的联系
图3认知和元认知视角下TOT发生机制的联系参考文献 92
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