1.School of Physical Science and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China 2.School of Power and Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
Fund Project:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11875210, U1832127), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Grant Nos. 2018A050506082, 2020A1515011531, 2020A1515011451).
Received Date:29 November 2020
Accepted Date:28 March 2021
Available Online:15 August 2021
Published Online:20 November 2021
Abstract:In this study, two kinds of gas cluster ion beam energy modes with different ion dose ratios are proposed to improve the traumatic surface of n-Si (100) single crystal. In mode1, low-dose high-energy clusters and high-dose low-energy clusters are used, while in mode2, high-dose high-energy clusters and low-dose low-energy clusters are used. The results show that the flattening effect of mode 1 is better than that of mode 2, and the root mean square roughness of mode 1 and mode 2 are 0.62 nm and 1.02 nm, respectively. This is because in multi-level energy mode 2, high-dose high-energy clusters are used to bombard the target surface in the early stage, so that more ion damages will be left after high-energy cluster bombardment. In the later stage, low-dose low-energy clusters can only remove part of the ion damages, and the repair strength is not strong enough. In multi-level energy mode1, we first use low-dose high-energy clusters to bombard the surface of the target, so that the high-energy clusters can quickly remove the shape objects with high protrusion on the sample surface, and in the low-dose mode, it will not leave too many ion damages, which is conducive to the later repair. In the first stage of multi-level energy mode, high-dose low-energy clusters are used to bombard the target surface, which can not only reduce the ion loss, but also increase the time for low-energy clusters to repair ion damages, thereby yielding the optimal flattening effect. In order to verify the relationship among the damage removal, ion damage degree and cluster energy, a single energy cluster bombardment experiment with mechanical damage is carried out before the multi-level energy mode modification is studied. The results show that when the cluster ions are accelerated at 15 kV high voltage, the scratch removal efficiency is highest, and the surface scratch is very shallow, but the decease of roughness is not obvious; when the cluster ions are accelerated at 8 kV and 5 kV, the sample surface becomes fine and the remaining ion damages are least. At the same time, a comparison of the target bombarded by the multi-level energy mode 1 clusters with that by the single energy clusters shows that the multi-level energy mode can obtain a smoother target surface than the single 15 keV high-energy cluster treatment; the multi-level energy mode can better remove scratches and other wounds than the single 5 keV low-energy cluster treatment. Multistage energy mode 1 integrates the advantages of high and low energy clusters, thereby achieving the best flattening effect. Keywords:gas cluster ion beam/ surface smoothing/ ion dose ratio/ multistage energy model/ surface roughness
对图2的AFM照片进行分析, 其PSD频谱曲线如图3所示. 从图3可以看出: 每条曲线与横坐标围成一个梯形区域, 而这个区域的面积大小反应出均方根粗糙度的大小, 梯形区域面积越大, 则均方根粗糙度也越大; 原始表面形成的区域面积最大, 将两种多级能量模式进行对比, 多级能量模式一形成的区域面积比多级能量模式二形成的区域面积小. 再次表明, 多级能量模式一的平坦化效果优于多级能量模式二的平坦化效果. 图 3 两种不同模式下, Ar团簇垂直辐照Si片后的PSD曲线 Figure3. PSD curves of Ar clusters after vertical irradiation of Si wafer under two different modes