1.Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China 2.Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory for Optoelectronics Testing Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063,?China 3.School of materials science and engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China 4.School of materials and energy, Guangdong University of technology, Guangzhou 450001, China
Fund Project:Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12064027, 62065014, 62064007), the Open Fund of the Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing of Ministry of Education, China (Grant Nos. EW201908442, EW201980090), and the Training Plan for Academic and Technical Leaders of Major Disciplines in Jiangxi Province - Leading Talent Project, China (Grant No. 20204BCJ22002)
Received Date:31 May 2021
Accepted Date:09 August 2021
Available Online:30 August 2021
Published Online:05 October 2021
Abstract:The back electrode is an important factor affecting the performance of perovskite solar cells. In this paper, the effects of back electrode material, structure and thickness on the performance of perovskite solar cells are studied by using COMSOL software. It is found that compared with the work function of the back electrode metal, its resistance has small effect on solar cell performance. Besides the back electrode structures affecting cell performance, there are other factors affecting cell performance. In terms of the back electrodes with honeycomb structure, considering the difficulty in fabricating, the best cost performance occurs when the radius of the circle is approximately equal to the edge spacing. It is predicted that the cell performance will be improved by about 5% in porosity with increasing 10% in the back electrode. The resistance of the back electrode decreases with its thickness increasing. Considering the process and cost, the optimal thickness should be between 100 nm and 150 nm. Keywords:perovskite solar cell/ back electrode/ materials/ structure/ thickness
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3.1.背电极材料的影响
研究文献[21]中厚度为150 nm的铝(Al)、锡(Sn)、Ag、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、Au 6种八边形结构金属背电极的阻值. 图2(a)和图2(b)分别是6种金属背电极功函数、PCE及其电阻. 图 2 6种金属的背电极功函数、电池转换效率(a)及其电阻(b) Figure2. Back electrode work function, cell conversion efficiency (a) and electrode resistance (b) of six metals.
研究厚度为150 nm Ag薄膜蜂窝结构, 边缘间距分别为1和2 μm时, 圆形半径依次为0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5和3 μm的背电极电阻, 结果如图4所示. 图 4 蜂窝结构背电极电阻随圆形半径的变化 Figure4. The resistance of the back electrode with honeycomb structure varies with the radius of the circle.
最近基于多孔隙金背电极的钙钛矿太阳电池研究中, 发现孔隙中CH3NH3PbI3填充效果是影响器件性能的重要因素[23,24]. 为此, 研究了厚度为150 nm正方形Ag 背电极(面积 100 μm × 100 μm)中, 1—10 μm孔隙占比对其电阻影响的规律. 图5是无孔隙及10%随机孔隙时背电极仿真图及其电阻(图5(a)), 以及占比变化对其电阻值的影响(图5(b)). 图 5 无孔隙及10%随机孔隙时背电极仿真图及其电阻(a), 以及占比变化对其电阻值影响(b) Figure5. Simulation diagram of back electrode without and with 10% random pores and its resistance (a), and the influence of proportion change on its resistance (b).