Abstract:Circular dichroism effects have been widely used in circular polarizers, optical modulators and optoelectronic devices. Periodically arranged artificial metal chiral nanostructures has a strong electromagnetic coupling effect with light, which can greatly increase the interaction between the light and matter. Three-dimensional helix and helix-like chiral nanostructures show a larger circular dichroism effect due to the strong interactions between electric and magnetic resonance. The double-layer structures also can produce large circular dichroism, which signals also results from electric dipoles with different orientations between the two layers. Although the three dimensional plasmonic structures have shown large circular dichroism signals, however, three dimensional devices hold disadvantages in wide practical applications because of their complicated fabricating process, especially at micro- and nanoscales. Recent years, circular dichroism signals of planar nanostructures have been studied owing to their easy fabrication and wide potential applications. The resonance mode of planar metal nanostructures is sensitive to the shape, geometry, materials and surrounding environment of nanostructures, which provides a feasible technical approach for adjusting the circular dichroism signal of planar metal nanostructures. In this article, larger circular dichroism signals are realized through planar composite golden nanostructures, which composed of infinite long nanowire and G-shaped nanostructure. The absorption spectra, surface charge distributions at resonance wavelength of planar composite golden nanostructure are calculated by finite element method. For comparison, a circular dichroism signal with only G-shaped nanostructures is also studied. The numerical results show that under the illumination of right-handed polarized and left-handed polarized light, the planar composite golden nanostructure and G-shaped nanostructure exhibit electric dipole, quadrupolar, octupolar resonance modes, respectively. When the G-shaped nanostructure is connected to an infinitely long nanowire, all resonance peaks have a red shift and infinitely long nanowire increases the local surface resonance intensity under different circularly polarized light excitation. Therefore, it significantly enhances the circular dichroism signal of the planar composite golden nanostructure. At the same time, the influence of geometric parameters such as the different length of each nanorod of the G-shaped nanostructure and the thickness of the infinitely length nanowire on the circular dichroism modes are also studied. The findings may provide some guideline and methods for improving the circular dichroism signal of planar chiral nanostructure. Keywords:chiral nanostructure/ absorption properties/ circular dichroism/ surface plasmon
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2.计算方法和结构本文应用三维有限元方法软件(COMSOL Multiphysics)中的射频模块计算微纳结构的光学特性, 分析了PCMN阵列的吸收光谱、CD光谱和其共振波长处的表面电荷密度分布. 图1(a)是所设计的PCMN阵列的结构示意图. 在本研究中, x和y方向的周期分别定为Px = Py = 0.26 μm. PCMN阵列的厚度为t. 右旋和左旋圆偏振光分别表示为RCP和LCP. 图1(b)显示在xy平面上的单元结构示意图. 其中, 无限长纳米线和G形纳米结构的宽度分别为w1和w2, G形纳米结构沿着x或者y方向的各纳米棒的长度分别为$ l_1, l_2, l_3, l_4 $以及$ l_5 $. 二氧化硅(SiO2)作为基底, 其厚度固定为0.02 μm. 金属的折射率取自于实验结果[30], SiO2的折射率为1.45. 激发源是沿–z方向的RCP和LCP光, 入射光波的电场的大小设定为1 V/m. 图 1 PCMN阵列的结构示意图 (a)三维立体结构示意图; (b)在xy平面的单元结构示意图 Figure1. Schematic of the proposed PCMN arrays: (a) Three dimensional schematic of PCMN; (b) unit schematic of PCMN in xy plane