蒋鹏^1,,
徐富贤^1,,,
张林¹,
周兴兵¹,
朱永川¹,
郭晓艺¹,
刘茂¹,
陈琳¹,
张容²,
熊洪¹
1.四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所/农业部西南水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/四川省作物生理生态及栽培重点实验室　德阳　618000
2.遂宁市安居区玉丰镇农业服务中心　遂宁　629023
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31971844)、四川省农业科学院青年基金项目(2019QNJJ-020)和现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-25)资助

详细信息

作者简介:蒋鹏, 主要研究方向为水稻栽培生理生态。E-mail: jiangyipeng137@163.com

通讯作者:徐富贤, 主要研究方向为水稻高产高效栽培理论与技术。E-mail: xu6501@163.com

中图分类号:S311; S314

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出版历程

收稿日期:2021-05-18
录用日期:2021-06-30
网络出版日期:2021-07-14
刊出日期:2021-10-01

Effect of increased plant density with reduced nitrogen on yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity conditions

JIANG Peng^1,,
XU Fuxian^1,,,
ZHANG Lin¹,
ZHOU Xingbing¹,
ZHU Yongchuan¹,
GUO Xiaoyi¹,
LIU Mao¹,
CHEN Lin¹,
ZHANG Rong²,
XIONG Hong¹
1. Rice and Sorghum Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Southwest Rice Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture / Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Deyang 618000, China
2. Yufeng Town Agricultural Service Center of Anju District, Suining City, Suining 629023, China
Funds:This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971844), the Foundation of Youth Science Program of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2019QNJJ-020) and the Special Fund for the Industrial Technology System Construction of Modern Agriculture of China (CARS-01-25)

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Corresponding author:E-mail: xu6501@163.com

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摘要
摘要:探明高温高湿稻区增密减氮对杂交稻产量形成和氮肥利用率的影响, 可为高温高湿稻区氮肥优化管理和合理密植提供依据。本研究以杂交稻‘内6优107’为材料, 于2018—2019年在典型的高温高湿稻区四川省泸州市进行大田试验。试验设6个密度与施氮量组合, 分别为低密高氮(习惯移栽密度16.5 万穴?hm^?2, 施氮量为180 kg?hm^?2, LDN_ck)、低密减氮15% (LDN_?15%)、低密减氮30% (LDN_?30%)、增密减氮15% (增密27%, HDN_?15%)、增密减氮30% (HDN_?30%)和低密不施氮(LDN₀)。结果表明: 不同密肥组合对杂交稻产量影响显著(P<0.01)。与LDN_ck相比, HDN_?15%和HDN_?30%杂交稻产量分别增加4.3%~4.9%和2.3%~3.6%, 其优势主要表现在每穗粒数、结实率、花前干物质转运量、花前干物质转运效率、花前干物质转运对产量的贡献率和收获指数上。LDN_?15%和LDN_?30%杂交稻产量较LDN_ck分别降低2.3%~2.5%和4.8%~5.0%, 较低的有效穗、干物质、花后干物质积累及花后干物质积累对产量的贡献率是其减产的主要原因。HDN_?15%和HDN_?30%杂交稻花后氮素积累量、成熟期氮素吸收量低于LDN_ck处理, 但其花前氮素转运量、花前氮素转运效率、花前氮素转运贡献率、氮素干物质生产效率、氮素籽粒生产效率和氮素收获指数均高于LDN_ck处理, 因而HDN_?15%和HDN_?30%处理每生产100 kg稻谷需氮量分别减少6.8%~8.4%和9.0%~9.9%。与LDN_ck处理相比, HDN_?15%和HDN_?30%杂交稻氮肥农学利用率分别增加36.7%~37.4%和55.5%~60.4%、氮肥偏生产力增加22.8%~23.5%和46.3%~48.2%、氮肥吸收利用率增加5.6%~12.0%和17.0%~20.0%。可见, 在高温高湿稻区杂交稻生产上宜采用栽插密度为21.0万穴?hm^?2和施氮量为126~153 kg?hm^?2的组合。
关键词:杂交稻/
增密减氮/
产量/
氮肥利用率/
高温高湿
Abstract:The effects of increased plant density with reduced nitrogen (N) application rate on yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of hybrid rice were studied to provide a theoretical basis for optimum nitrogen fertilizer management and plant density under high temperature with high humidity conditions. Field experiments were conducted in Luzhou City from 2018 to 2019. The high yield and high quality hybrid rice variety ‘Nei6you107’ was grown under six combinations of plant density and N application rate: 1) locally recommended combination with a plant density of 16.5×10⁴ hills?hm^?2 and a N rate of 180 kg?hm^?2 (LDN_ck); 2) combination of a plant density of 16.5×10⁴ hills?hm^?2 and a reduced N rate by 15% (153 kg?hm^?2, LDN_?15%); 3) combination of a plant density of 16.5×10⁴ hills?hm^?2 and a reduced N rate by 30% (126 kg?hm^?2, LDN_?30%); 4) combination of a increased plant density by about 27% (21.0×10⁴ hills hm^?2) and a reduced N rate by 15% (153 kg?hm^?2, HDN_?15%); 5) combination of a increased plant density by about 27% (21.0×10⁴ hills?hm^?2) and a reduced N rate by 30% (126 kg?hm^?2 HDN_?30%); and 6) combination of a plant density of 16.5×10⁴ hills?hm^?2 and zero N rate (LDN₀). The grain yield, yield components, dry matter, N uptake and NUE were measured. The results showed that the grain yield of hybrid rice was significantly affected by different combinations of plant density and N rate (P<0.01). HDN_?15% and HDN_?30% produced higher grain yields than LDN_ck by 4.3%?4.9% and 2.3%?3.6%, respectively. The higher grain yields under HDN_?15% and HDN_?30% were attributed to improvement in spikelets per panicle, grain filling rate, translocation of dry matter accumulated at heading stage (TDM_HD), translocation percentage of dry matter accumulated at heading stage (TPDM_HD), contribution percentage of pre-anthesis dry matter translocation to grain yield (CPDMTG_HD) and harvest index. The LDN_?15% and LDN_?30% had 2.3%?2.5% and 4.8%?5.0% lower grain yield than LDN_ck, respectively. The yield gap between LDN_?15%, LDN_?30% and LDN_ck was attributed to the difference in effective panicles, total dry matter, dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity, and contribution percentage of dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity stage to grain yield (CPDMG_HD-MA). The HDN_?15% and HDN_?30% had lower nitrogen accumulation from heading to maturity and total N uptake than LDN_ck, whereas the translocation of N accumulated at heading stage (NTGN_HD), translocation percentage of N accumulated at heading stage (TPN_HD), contribution percentage of pre-anthesis N accumulation translocation to grain N accumulation (CPNTGN_HD), N use efficiency for biomass production (NUEBP), N use efficiency for grain production (NUEGP) and N harvest index under HDN_?15% and HDN_?30% were higher than those under LDN_ck. Consequently, HDN_?15% and HDN_?30% had lower N requirements to produce 100 kg of grain (NRPG) than LDN_ck by 6.8%?8.4% and 9.0%?9.9%, respectively. HDN_?15% enhanced the agronomic efficiency of applied N (AE_N) by 36.7%?37.4%, partial factor productivity of applied N (PFP_N) by 22.8%?23.5% and recovery efficiency of applied N (RE_N) by 5.6%?12.0% over LDN_ck. The HDN_?30% produced higher AE_N, PFP_N and RE_N than LDN_ck by 55.5%?60.4%, 46.3%?48.2% and 17.0%?20.0%, respectively. The rational combination of plant density and N rate can improve panicle number per unit area, grain filling, TDM_HD, TPDM_HD, NTGN_HD, TPN_HD and harvest index, which further increasing the grain yield and NUE. The optimum combination is plant density of 21.0×10⁴ hills?hm^?2 plus N rate of 126?153 kg?hm^?2 in high temperature with high humidity condition.
Key words:Hybrid rice/
Increased plant density with reduced nitrogen/
Grain yield/
Nitrogen use efficiency/
High temperature with high humidity

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图12001—2019年研究区水稻生育期月日照时数、平均湿度、平均最高温度和平均最低
Figure1.Monthly sunshine hours, average humidity, mean maximum temperature and minimum temperature during rice-growing season from 2001 to 2019 in the study area


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表1高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻产量及其构成的影响
Table1.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on grain yield and yield components of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity conditions

年份 Year	处理 Treatment			有效穗数 Effective panicles (panicles?m?2)	每穗粒数 Grains number per panicle	结实率 Grain filling (%)	粒重 Grain weight (mg)	产量 Grain yield (t?hm?2)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)
2018	LDN0	16.5	0	155.3±13.7c	138.0±4.2c	89.5±1.9a	28.1±0.2b	6.22±0.42d
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	181.4±9.8b	158.8±4.8a	86.5±1.7a	29.7±0.5a	8.31±0.21bc
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	179.2±10.4bc	154.0±3.9ab	88.4±3.0a	29.3±0.3a	8.11±0.14c
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	199.7±9.1ab	148.5±2.4b	90.1±1.0a	29.3±0.5a	8.89±0.11a
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	179.3±4.4bc	160.4±5.1a	90.6±0.9a	29.3±0.6a	8.72±0.37ab
	LDNCK	16.5	180	206.4±22.6a	145.5±6.5bc	86.1±5.9a	29.4±0.9a	8.52±0.70abc
2019	LDN0	16.5	0	179.2±12.9c	159.3±7.1a	80.9±2.4b	28.1±0.3ab	6.33±0.05c
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	205.4±5.2b	149.3±10.9ab	84.5±1.6ab	27.7±0.6b	8.62±0.25b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	204.1±21.2bc	147.2±11.2ab	85.4±2.0a	28.8±0.2a	8.38±0.15b
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	237.6±9.1a	138.2±1.8b	84.3±3.1ab	28.5±0.5ab	9.25±0.13a
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	234.7±16.6a	141.1±3.9b	84.9±1.4ab	28.4±0.9ab	9.14±0.23a
	LDNCK	16.5	180	230.2±25.1ab	137.5±2.6b	84.0±3.0ab	27.9±0.5ab	8.82±0.50ab
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)				**	**	*	**	**
处理 Treatment (T)				**	**	ns	ns	**
年份×处理 Y×T				ns	**	ns	ns	ns
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance.

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表2高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻干物质生产及收获指数的影响
Table2.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on biomass production of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity condition

年份 Year	处理 Treatment				干物质 Dry matter (g?m?2)		总干物质 Total dry matter (g?m?2)	收获指数 Harvest index (%)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)		开花前 Before heading	开花后 After heading
2018	LDN0	16.5	0		612.3±30.2c	280.6±44.4b	892.8±60.9c	60.3±0.9a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153		981.7±13.1ab	379.2±24.9a	1360.9±37.3a	54.3±0.8b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126		931.8±35.0b	304.1±53.7ab	1235.9±72.7b	57.8±1.3ab
	HDN?15%	21.0	153		1013.1±44.7a	307.4±28.9ab	1320.5±56.6ab	59.3±1.5a
	HDN?30%	21.0	126		968.2±72.5ab	359.5±105.4ab	1327.8±40.6ab	57.5±2.5ab
	LDNCK	16.5	180		978.5±8.7ab	381.6±29.0a	1360.1±37.2a	55.5±3.6b
2019	LDN0	16.5	0		846.3±43.8b	299.6±77.9ab	1145.9±38.9d	56.6±0.4a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153		1130.1±10.9a	278.4±34.5ab	1408.5±44.0ab	52.5±2.2b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126		1106.5±26.9a	207.4±74.2b	1313.9±50.7c	56.0±1.8a
	HDN?15%	21.0	153		1137.9±32.0a	337.8±35.6a	1475.7±19.6a	53.3±0.7b
	HDN?30%	21.0	126		1102.8±23.6a	285.7±44.4ab	1388.5±21.2b	55.9±0.4a
	LDNCK	16.5	180		1136.3±14.6a	316.9±46.9ab	1453.2±34.5ab	51.7±0.8b
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)					**	*	**	**
处理 Treatment (T)					**	*	**	**
年份×处理 Y×T					ns	ns	**	ns
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance.

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表3高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻花前干物质转运的影响
Table3.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on translocation of dry matter of hybrid rice at heading stage under high temperature and high humidity condition

年份 Year	处理 Treatment			花前干物质 转运量 TDMHD (g?m?2)	花前干物质转 运效率 TPDMHD (g?m?2)	花前干物质转运 对产量的贡献率 CPDMTGHD (g?m?2)	花后干物质积累 对产量的贡献率 CPDMGHD-MA (g?m?2)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)
2018	LDN0	16.5	0	341.4±73.2c	55.7±11.7ab	54.6±8.8a	45.4±8.8a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	452.1±15.0b	46.1±2.1b	54.4±2.2a	45.6±2.2a
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	507.3±67.2ab	54.5±8.0ab	62.4±7.3a	37.6±7.3a
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	581.7±30.9a	57.4±3.4a	65.4±3.3a	34.6±3.3a
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	512.7±75.7ab	52.7±3.8ab	59.0±10.5a	41.0±10.5a
	LDNCK	16.5	180	470.6±9.7b	48.1±1.1ab	55.3±2.2a	44.7±2.2a
2019	LDN0	16.5	0	333.3±74.4b	39.2±6.8b	52.7±12.0b	47.3±12.0a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	583.2±30.8a	51.6±3.2a	67.7±3.6a	32.3±3.6b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	630.6±89.3a	56.9±6.8a	75.1±9.3a	24.9±9.3b
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	587.5±25.8a	51.6±1.7a	63.5±3.4ab	36.5±3.4ab
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	628.6±65.4a	56.9±4.8a	68.7±5.6a	31.3±5.6b
	LDNCK	16.5	180	565.3±91.9a	49.7±4.8a	63.9±5.6ab	36.1±5.6ab
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)				**	ns	**	**
处理 Treatment (T)				**	ns	*	*
年份×处理 Y′T				ns	*	ns	ns
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance. TDMHD, TPDMHD, CPDMTGHD, CPDMGHD-MA represent translocation of dry matter accumulated at heading stage, translocation percentage of dry matter accumulated at heading stage, contribution percentage of pre-anthesis dry matter translocation to grain yield, contribution percentage of dry matter accumulation from heading to maturity stage to grain yield, respectively.

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表4高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻植株氮素吸收积累的影响
Table4.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on N uptake of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity condition

年份 Year	处理 Treatment				氮素吸收量 N uptake (g?m?2)		氮素总吸收量 Total N uptake (g?m?2)	氮素收获指数 N harvest index (%)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)		开花前 Before heading	开花后 After heading
2018	LDN0	16.5	0		6.2±0.5d	2.5±1.0abc	8.7±0.5d	75.3±4.4a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153		12.6±0.2a	1.4±0.4c	14.0±0.2bc	68.6±0.7cd
	LDN?30%	16.5	126		9.8±0.8c	3.4±0.9ab	13.2±0.8c	70.0±1.7bcd
	HDN?15%	21.0	153		12.4±0.4a	2.1±0.6bc	14.5±0.9ab	71.9±2.2abc
	HDN?30%	21.0	126		11.5±0.5b	2.6±1.6abc	14.1±1.4bc	72.6±1.0ab
	LDNCK	16.5	180		11.6±0.5b	3.5±0.5a	15.1±0.9a	67.6±2.3d
2019	LDN0	16.5	0		6.4±0.4d	2.8±0.7a	9.1±0.4c	73.3±1.5a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153		11.4±0.2a	2.4±0.6a	13.8±0.5a	69.0±1.0b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126		10.6±0.7bc	2.3±1.2a	13.0±0.7b	69.7±1.4b
	HDN?15%	21.0	153		11.1±0.4ab	2.9±0.2a	14.0±1.0a	68.5±1.9b
	HDN?30%	21.0	126		10.2±0.4c	3.1±0.3a	13.3±0.4ab	71.2±2.1b
	LDNCK	16.5	180		10.9±0.2abc	3.4±0.5a	14.3±0.4ab	64.9±0.9c
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)					**	ns	ns	*
处理 Treatment (T)					**	*	*	**
年份×处理 Y×T					**	ns	ns	ns
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance.

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表5高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻齐穗期茎叶氮素运转的影响
Table5.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on nitrogen translocation of stem and leaf of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity condition

年份 Year	处理 Treatment			氮素转运量 N translocation (g?m?2)	氮素表观转运率 Apparent N translocation rate (%)	氮素转运贡献率 N translocate contribution rate (%)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)
2018	LDN0	16.5	0	2.8±0.8c	56.2±10.5abc	43.1±12.2d
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	6.6±0.2a	60.0±1.4ab	68.8±2.4a
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	4.3±0.8b	51.9±3.4bc	46.7±9.6cd
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	6.4±0.8a	61.4±2.3a	62.0±1.3ab
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	5.8±0.3a	60.1±1.4ab	57.0±1.6bc
	LDNCK	16.5	180	4.8±0.6b	49.2±4.9c	46.5±4.6cd
2019	LDN0	16.5	0	2.8±0.5c	52.8±4.0a	41.5±9.7b
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	4.9±0.3ab	53.1±2.7a	51.0±3.2ab
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	5.0±0.6a	55.9±2.9a	55.7±9.9a
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	4.8±0.5ab	52.3±3.8a	50.4±3.2ab
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	4.6±0.5ab	54.6±1.4ab	48.2±2.6ab
	LDNCK	16.5	180	4.0±0.4b	44.6±3.2b	43.7±5.1ab
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)				**	**	*
处理 Treatment (T)				**	**	**
年份×处理 Y×T				**	ns	*
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance.

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表6高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻氮肥利用率的影响
Table6.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on nitrogen use efficiency of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity condition

年份 Year	处理 Treatment			氮肥农学利用率 Agronomic efficiency of applied N (kg?kg?1)	氮肥偏生产力 Partial factor productivity of applied N (kg?kg?1)	氮肥吸收利用率 Recovery efficiency of applied N (%)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)
2018	LDN?15%	16.5	153	13.7±2.1c	54.3±1.4d	34.5±3.7b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	15.0±3.6bc	64.4±1.1b	36.0±3.2ab
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	17.5±2.1ab	58.1±0.7c	38.2±4.5ab
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	19.9±3.2a	69.2±2.9a	43.4±9.5a
	LDNCK	16.5	180	12.8±3.1c	47.3±1.5e	36.2±1.8ab
2019	LDN?15%	16.5	153	14.9±2.0c	56.3±1.6d	30.7±3.1a
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	16.3±1.2bc	66.5±1.2b	30.5±7.8a
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	19.1±0.9b	60.5±0.8c	31.7±3.4a
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	22.3±1.9a	72.6±1.8a	33.1±5.5a
	LDNCK	16.5	180	13.9±3.0c	49.0±2.8e	28.3±4.1b
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)				ns	**	**
处理 Treatment (T)				*	**	ns
年份×处理 Y×T				ns	ns	ns
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance.

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表7高温高湿区不同密肥处理对杂交稻每生产100 kg稻谷需氮量、氮素干物质生产效率、氮素籽粒生产效率的影响
Table7.Effect of combination of plant density and N rate on N use efficiency for biomass and grain yield production and N requirement for produced 100 kg grain of hybrid rice under high temperature and high humidity condition

年份 Year	处理 Treatment			100 kg稻谷需氮量 N requirement of 100 kg grains (kg)	氮素干物质生产效率 N use efficiency for biomass production (kg?kg?1)	氮素籽粒生产效率 N use efficiency for grain production (kg?kg?1)
	代码 Code	密度 Plant density (×104 holes?hm?2)	施氮量 N application rate (kg?hm?2)
2018	LDN0	16.5	0	1.39±0.19 b	103.8±9.0 a	72.5±9.1 a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	1.67±0.04 a	97.8±1.1 ab	59.8±1.3 b
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	1.62±0.03 a	93.9±6.3 b	61.6±1.1 b
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	1.63±0.05 a	91.3±2.7 b	61.5±1.8 b
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	1.62±0.22 a	95.1±12.7 ab	62.5±9.2 b
	LDNCK	16.5	180	1.78±0.04 a	89.9±1.5 b	56.3±1.4 b
2019	LDN0	16.5	0	1.45±0.06 b	125.4±2.1 a	69.3±2.9 a
	LDN?15%	16.5	153	1.61±0.02 a	101.8±3.4 b	62.2±0.6 c
	LDN?30%	16.5	126	1.55±0.11 ab	101.3±5.5 b	64.7±4.5 bc
	HDN?15%	21.0	153	1.51±0.02 abc	105.4±0.8 b	66.1±1.0 abc
	HDN?30%	21.0	126	1.46±0.04 bc	104.4±4.2 b	68.7±1.7 ab
	LDNCK	16.5	180	1.62±0.04 a	102.2±5.3 b	61.9±1.7 c
方差分析 Analysis of variance
年份 Year (Y)				**	*	**
处理 Treatment (T)				**	**	**
年份×处理 Y×T				ns	ns	ns
同年同列数据后不同字母表示处理间在P<0.05水平差异显著。*表示差异达P<0.05显著水平, **表示差异达P<0.01显著水平, ns 表示差异不显著。Values followed by different letters in a year within a column are significantly different at P<0.05 level. * and ** mean significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels, respectively. ns denotes non-significance

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