李善伟,
徐璞,
上海海洋大学经济管理学院 上海 201306
基金项目:上海市哲学社会科学规划项目(2018BGL015)资助
详细信息
作者简介:李玉峰, 主要研究方向为食品安全与消费、都市农业、生鲜农产品品牌与渠道。E-mail: liyf@shou.edu.cn
通讯作者:徐璞, 主要研究方向为休闲农业、食品安全。E-mail: pxu@shou.edu.cn
中图分类号:F301计量
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出版历程
收稿日期:2021-06-02
录用日期:2021-07-16
网络出版日期:2021-07-29
刊出日期:2021-10-01
Realization path of moderate expansion of management scale of urban leisure agriculture
LI Yufeng,LI Shanwei,
XU Pu,
School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
Funds:This study was supported by the Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Shanghai City (2018BGL015)
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Corresponding author:E-mail: pxu@shou.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:限于大都市的资源与政策限制, 为实现都市休闲农业主体规模经营意愿, 寻求休闲农业主体如何在现有资源约束下适度扩大规模, 有效促进都市休闲农业可持续发展, 本文基于上海市87家休闲农业主体问卷数据, 构建Logistic-ISM模型, 以休闲农业主体农地规模意愿为测度目标, 研究影响意愿的显著性因素及各因素间的逻辑层次关系。结果表明: 适度扩大规模取决于3个层次因素的影响。1)深层根源因素中, 受到政府建设用地支持的休闲农业主体扩大农地规模意愿更强烈。2)中层间接因素中, 农业资源特色性、园区规划科学性、创新经营能力、经营产业结构对休闲农业主体扩大农地规模意愿具有显著的正向影响; 而农业生产生态性强, 则会减弱其扩大农地规模的意愿。3)表层直接因素中, 文化功能型的休闲农业主体愿意扩大农地规模, 而休闲功能型的经营主体倾向降低农地规模。为促进都市休闲农业适度规模经营, 政府应引入国企发挥示范效应, 盘活乡村存量的土地资源, 释放资源价值。同时, 休闲农业应为都市核心功能提供战略空间, 充分考虑休闲农业主体异质性, 深挖乡村文化底蕴, 促进从承担农产品保障供应功能向承担多元复合功能转变, 凸显农业农村的经济价值、生态价值、美学价值。
关键词:适度规模经营/
Logistic-ISM模型/
休闲农业主体/
农地规模意愿/
都市休闲农业
Abstract:It is necessary to determine how to appropriately expand the scale of leisure agriculture entities under constraints of existing resources and effectively promote sustainable development of urban leisure agriculture for realization of large-scale operational willingness of urban leisure agriculture entities limited to resources and policy restrictions of metropolises. Based on questionnaire data of 87 leisure agriculture entities in Shanghai, this study constructed a Logistic-ISM (interpretation structure model) model and took the willingness of leisure agriculture entities as measurement targets to study significant factors that affected the willingness, and logical hierarchical relationships between factors. Results showed that moderate expansion depended on the influence of the three levels of factors: 1) Among deep-seated factors, the leisure agriculture entities supported by government construction land were more willing to expand the scale of farmland. 2) Among middle-level indirect factors, the characteristics of agricultural resources, scientific park planning, innovative management capabilities, and business industrial structure positively affected the willingness of leisure agriculture entities to expand the scale of farmland, while the ecological nature of agricultural production was strong, the expansion of operators’ willingness to farmland size was weak. 3) Among the direct factors at the surface level, culturally functional leisure agriculture entities were willing to expand the scale of farmland, while leisure functional management entities tended to reduce the scale of farmland. To promote moderate scale operation of urban leisure agriculture, the government should introduce state-owned enterprises to play a demonstration effect to revitalize stock of rural land resources, and release value of resources. At the same time, leisure agriculture should provide strategic space for urban core functions, fully consider the heterogeneity of leisure agriculture entities, dig deep into rural cultural heritage, and promote transformation from undertaking the function of guaranteeing the supply of agricultural products for multiple functions to highlighting the economic, ecological, and esthetic values of agriculture and rural areas.
Key words:Moderate scale management/
Logistic-ISM model/
Leisure agriculture entities/
Farmland scale willingness/
Urban leisure agriculture
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图1休闲农业主体农地规模意愿影响因素间的逻辑关系
S0、S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7和S8分别表示休闲农业主体农地规模意愿、经营产业结构、农业资源特色性、农业生产生态性、园区规划科学性、创新经营能力、休闲功能型、文化功能型和建设用地支持; 例: 若行因素S0对列因素S1有直接或间接的影响, 则为“V”; 若列因素S1对行因素S0有直接或间接的影响, 则为“A”; 若S0与S1之间不存在影响关系, 则为“0”。S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, and S8 respectively represent willingness of farmland scale of leisure agriculture entities, structure of business industry, characteristics of agricultural resources, ecological nature of agricultural production, scientific nature of park planning, ability of innovative management, leisure function, cultural function and construction land support. If row factor S0 has a direct or indirect influence on column factor S1, it is “V”; if column factor S1 has a direct or indirect influence on row factor S0, it is “ A”; if there is no influencing relationship between S0 and S1, it is “0”.
Figure1.Logical relationship among factors affecting willingness of agricultural farmland scale of leisure agriculture entities
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2休闲农业主体农地规模意愿影响因素的关联关系与层级结构
Figure2.Correlation and hierarchical structure of factors affecting willingness of agricultural farmland scale of leisure agriculture entities
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1模型变量的解释及样本特征
Table1.Interpretation of model variables and sample characteristics
| 变量类型 Variable type | 变量名称 Variable | 含义及赋值 Connotation and assignment | 均值 Mean | 标准差 Standard deviation | 预期方向 Expected direction |
| 被解释变量 Explained variable | 农地规模意愿 Willingness to scale farmland | 降低农地规模=1; 保持农地规模不变=2; 扩大农地规模=3 Reduce scale of farmland=1; keep scale of farmland unchanged=2; expand scale of farmland=3 | 2.460 | 0.606 | |
| 解释变量 Explanatory variables | |||||
| 主体特征 Entities characteristics | 农园经营规模 Farm management scale | <5 hm2=1; 5~100 hm2=2; 100~200 hm2=3; >200 hm2=4 | 1.954 | 0.608 | ? |
| 经营产业结构 Operating industry structure | 仅涉及第一产业=1; 涉及第一、第二产业=2; 涉及第一、第三产业=3; 涉及第一、第二、第三产业=4 Only involving primary industry=1; involving primary and secondary industries=2; involving primary and tertiary industries=3; all=4 | 2.609 | 1.145 | + | |
| 经营者年龄 Operator’s age | ≤40=1; 41~50 =2; 51~60 =3; ≥61=4 | 1.897 | 0.683 | ? | |
| 经营者文化程度 Educational level of operator | 初中及以下=1; 中专或高中=2; 大专=3; 本科及以上=4 Junior high school and below=1; technical secondary school or high school=2; junior college=3; undergraduate and above=4 | 2.713 | 0.820 | ? | |
| 环境特征 Environmental characteristics | 农业资源特色性 Characteristics of agricultural resources | 没有特色=1; 特色不明显=2; 特色一般=3; 比较有特色=4; 很有特色=5 No features=1; not obvious features=2; general features=3; more distinctive=4; very distinctive=5 | 3.920 | 1.059 | + |
| 农业生产生态性 Agricultural production ecology | 很差=1; 较差=2; 一般=3; 较好=4; 很好=5 Very poor=1; poor=2; general=3; good=4; very good=5 | 4.046 | 0.939 | ? | |
| 园区规划科学性 Scientific park planning | 很差=1; 较差=2; 一般=3; 较好=4; 很好=5 Very poor=1; poor=2; general=3; good=4; very good=5 | 3.724 | 1.008 | + | |
| 硬件设施完备性 Completeness of hardware facilities | 很差=1; 较差=2; 一般=3; 较好=4; 很好=5 Very poor=1; poor=2; general=3; good=4; very good=5 | 3.644 | 0.927 | + | |
| 经营能力 Management capacity | 内部管理能力 Internal management capabilities | 很低=1; 较低=2; 一般=3; 较高=4; 很高=5 Very low=1; low=2; general=3; high=4; very high=5 | 3.828 | 0.810 | + |
| 营销推广能力 Marketing ability | 很低=1; 较低=2; 一般=3; 较高=4; 很高=5 Very low=1; low=2; general=3; high=4; very high=5 | 3.563 | 0.924 | + | |
| 创新经营能力 Innovative business ability | 很低=1; 较低=2; 一般=3; 较高=4; 很高=5 Very low=1; low=2; general=3; high=4; very high=5 | 3.609 | 0.957 | + | |
| 功能类型 Function type | 休闲功能型 Leisure function type | 是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0 | 0.529 | 0.502 | +/? |
| 游乐功能型 Amusement function type | 是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0 | 0.379 | 0.488 | +/? | |
| 文化功能型 Cultural function type | 是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0 | 0.241 | 0.430 | +/? | |
| 政府支持 Governmental support | 土地流转扶持与优惠 Land transfer support and concessions | 是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0 | 0.299 | 0.460 | + |
| 建设用地支持 Construction land support | 是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0 | 0.264 | 0.444 | + | |
| 人员培训支持 Personnel training support | 是=1; 否=0 Yes=1; no=0 | 0.287 | 0.455 | + | |
下载: 导出CSV表2休闲农业主体农地规模意愿影响因素的Logistic回归结果
Table2.Logistic regression results of factors influencing willingness of farmland scale of leisure agriculture entities
| 变量类型 Variable type | 变量 Variable | 方程(1) Equation (1) | 方程(2) Equation (2) | |||||
| 系数 Coefficient | Z统计量 Z-statistics | 概率比 Odds | 系数 Coefficient | Z统计量 Z-statistics | 概率比 Odds | |||
| 主体特征 Entities characteristics | 农园经营规模 Farm management scale | ?0.20 | ?0.43 | 0.82 | — | — | — | |
| 经营产业结构 Operating industry structure | 0.65 | 1.64 | 1.91 | 0.74** | 2.13 | 2.09 | ||
| 经营者年龄 Operator’s age | ?0.60 | ?1.21 | 0.55 | — | — | — | ||
| 经营者文化程度 Educational level of operator | ?0.42 | ?1.09 | 0.66 | — | — | — | ||
| 环境特征 Environmental characteristics | 农业资源特色性 Characteristics of agricultural resources | 0.93* | 1.94 | 2.53 | 0.88** | 2.01 | 2.41 | |
| 农业生产生态性 Agricultural production ecology | ?0.93** | ?2.18 | 0.39 | ?0.89** | ?2.50 | 0.41 | ||
| 园区规划科学性 Scientific park planning | ?0.77 | ?1.62 | 0.46 | ?0.67* | ?1.75 | 0.51 | ||
| 硬件设施完备性 Completeness of hardware facilities | 0.65 | 1.51 | 1.91 | — | — | — | ||
| 经营能力 Management capacity | 内部管理能力 Internal management capabilities | ?0.17 | ?0.24 | 0.85 | — | — | — | |
| 营销推广能力 Marketing ability | ?0.59 | ?1.03 | 0.56 | — | — | — | ||
| 创新经营能力 Innovative business ability | 1.81*** | 3.09 | 6.08 | 1.48*** | 3.43 | 4.38 | ||
| 功能类型 Function type | 休闲功能型 Leisure function type | ?2.02** | ?2.13 | 0.13 | ?2.04*** | ?2.62 | 0.13 | |
| 游乐功能型 Amusement function type | 0.65 | 0.86 | 1.91 | — | — | — | ||
| 文化功能型 Cultural function type | 1.17 | 1.56 | 3.22 | 1.22* | 1.92 | 3.38 | ||
| 政府支持 Governmental support | 土地流转扶持与优惠 Land transfer support and concessions | 0.89 | 1.39 | 2.42 | — | — | — | |
| 建设用地支持 Construction land support | ?1.41* | ?1.78 | 0.24 | ?1.29* | ?1.83 | 0.28 | ||
| 人员培训支持 Personnel training support | ?0.26 | ?0.39 | 0.77 | — | — | — | ||
| Pseudo R2 | 0.31 | 0.25 | ||||||
| Prob>chi2 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||
| ***、**和*分别表示在P<1%、P<5%和P<10%的水平显著; 方程1为初始样本回归结果, 方程2为采用向后消元法后的样本回归结果。***, ** and * indicate significant at level of P<1%, P<5% and P<10% respectively. Equation 1 is initial sample regression result, and Equation 2 is sample regression result after adopting backward elimination method. | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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