周鹏1,
王永平1,
王岩1,
林杉3,
邢丹1,,
1.贵州省农业科学院辣椒研究所 贵阳 550000
2.贵州大学农学院 贵阳 550000
3.华中农业大学资源与环境学院/农业部长江中下游耕地保育重点实验室 武汉 430070
基金项目:国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-G-19)和贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2018]2329, 黔科合平台人才[2017]5709)资助
详细信息
作者简介:王高飞, 主要研究方向为农业资源高效利用。E-mail: 320852915@qq.com
通讯作者:邢丹, 主要研究方向为辣椒栽培管理。E-mail: 2004xingdan@163.com
中图分类号:S641.3计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2021-01-17
录用日期:2021-04-02
修回日期:2021-04-02
网络出版日期:2021-07-26
刊出日期:2021-09-06
Influence of intercropping Sedum plumbizincicola with Capsicum annum on the migration and availability of soil cadmium
WANG Gaofei1, 2,,ZHOU Peng1,
WANG Yongping1,
WANG Yan1,
LIN Shan3,
XING Dan1,,
1. Institute of Pepper Research, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550000, China
2. Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China
3. College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, China
Funds:This study was supported by the National Characteristic Vegetable Industry Technology System Project of China (CARS-24-G-19) and Guizhou Province Science and Technology Planning Project (Qiankehe Support [2018]2329, Qiankehe Platform Talent [2017]5709)
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Corresponding author:E-mail: 2004xingdan@163.com
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摘要
摘要:为明确伴矿景天间作模式对辣椒植物根系周围土壤镉(Cd)迁移与可利用风险的影响, 于2019年在贵州省遵义市新蒲新区进行田间试验, 设置伴矿景天或辣椒单作、伴矿景天条带式间作辣椒(间作1)、伴矿景天交叉式间作辣椒(间作2)、伴矿景天混合式间作辣椒(间作3)等5种种植模式, 收获期采集辣椒根系周围土壤样品, 测定土壤各形态Cd含量和土壤pH、有机质、全量和有效氮磷钾以及球囊霉素(GRSP)含量。结果表明, 与辣椒单作相比, 间作2和间作3使辣椒根系周围土壤酸溶态Cd显著降低39.6%和41.5% (P<0.05), 可还原态Cd含量显著降低23.9%和29.0% (P<0.05)。同时也降低了土壤Cd迁移和植物可利用风险, 其中间作2和间作3处理土壤Cd迁移性分别降低25.8%和34.2%, 可利用性分别降低11.6%和26.9%。3种伴矿景天间作方式显著提高了土壤易提取球囊霉素含量, 分别提高24.5%、39.9%和40.6% (P<0.05); 间作2和间作3处理显著增加土壤总球囊霉素含量, 分别增加51.7%和86.7% (P<0.05)。冗余分析表明, 土壤环境因子对土壤Cd迁移和可利用风险影响重要性排序为总提取球囊霉素>速效钾>pH>易提取球囊霉素>全钾>全磷>全氮>碱解氮>有效磷>有机质, 土壤总提取球囊霉素、速效钾是影响土壤Cd迁移性和可利用性的关键调控因子。综上所述, 伴矿景天间作措施显著降低了辣椒根系周围土壤Cd迁移和可利用风险, 其中交叉式间作和混合式间作效果优于条带式间作。
关键词:间作/
辣椒/
伴矿景天/
镉/
迁移性/
可利用性
Abstract:A field experiment was conducted in Xinpu New District, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province, in 2019 to explore the effects of different Sedum plumbizincicola intercropping patterns on the migration and availability of cadmium (Cd) in the soil around the roots of Capsicum annum. Five planting patterns were established: monoculture S. plumbizincicola, monoculture C. annum, stripe intercropping of C. annum with S. plumbizincicola (JZ1), cross intercropping of C. annum with S. plumbizincicola (JZ2), and mixed intercropping of C. annum with S. plumbizincicola (JZ3). Soil samples were collected around the C. annum roots at harvest, and the Cd content, soil pH, organic matter content, and contents of total and available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and content of glomalin (GRSP) were measured and analyzed. The results showed that, compared to C. annum monoculture, the contents of acid-soluble Cd and reducible Cd in the soil around the C. annum roots effectively decreased by 39.6% and 23.9% in the cross intercropping system with S. plumbizincicola, and 41.5% and 29.0% in mixed intercropping system with S. plumbizincicola, respectively. The risks of soil Cd migration and availability were also reduced. Stripe intercropping C. annum with S. plumbizincicola had no effect on Cd mobility and availability in the soil around the C. annum root system. The Cd migration of the crossing intercropping and mixed intercropping systems decreased by 25.8% and 34.2%, respectively, and the Cd availability decreased by 11.6% and 26.9%, respectively. The stripe, cross and mixed intercropping systems did not affect the contents of Cd in oxidizable and residual states, but significantly increased the content of easily extracted GRSP in the soil by 24.5%, 39.9%, and 40.6%, respectively. Cross intercropping C. annum with S. plumbizincicola and mixed intercropping treatments also significantly increased the total soil GRSP content by 51.7% and 86.7%, respectively. Redundancy analysis showed that the importance of the soil environmental factors on soil Cd migration and availability followed the order: total extracted GRSP > available potassium > pH > easily extractable GRSP > total potassium > total phosphorus > total nitrogen > alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen > available phosphorus > organic matter. The extractable GRSP and available potassium from the soil were the key regulatory factors affecting soil Cd migration and availability. In summary, intercropping with S. plumbizincicola significantly reduced the risks of Cd migration and availability in the soil around the C. annum roots, and the effects of cross and mixed intercropping were better than that of stripe intercropping. These results provide a theoretical basis for better usage of farmland with low to medium levels of Cd.
Key words:Intercropping/
Capsicum annum/
Sedum plumbizincicola/
Cadmium/
Mobility/
Availability
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图1不同处理的矿伴景天与辣椒种植模式
Figure1.Intercropping patterns of Capsicum annum and Sedum plumbizincicola of different treatments
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2伴矿景天和辣椒不同种植方式下土壤Cd形态变化
DZ: 单作; JZ1: 带状间作(间作1); JZ2: 交叉间作(间作2); JZ3: 混合间作(间作3)。图中不同小写字母表示同一植物不同种植方式间在P<0.05水平上差异显著。DZ: monoculture; JZ1: stripe intercropping; JZ2: cross intercropping; JZ3: mixed intercropping. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different planting patterns for the same plant at P<0.05 level.
Figure2.Changes of soil Cd forms under different planting patterns of Capsicum annum and Sedum plumbizincicola
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3伴矿景天和辣椒不同种植方式对土壤Cd迁移和Cd可利用的影响
DZ: 单作; JZ1: 带状间作(间作1); JZ2: 交叉间作(间作2); JZ3: 混合间作(间作3)。图中不同小写字母表示不同植物在不同处理间P<0.05水平上差异显著。DZ: monoculture; JZ1: stripe intercropping; JZ2: cross intercropping; JZ3: mixed intercropping. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different planting patterns of different plants at P<0.05 level.
Figure3.Effects of planting patterns of Capsicum annum and Sedum plumbizincicola on the migration and bioavailability of soil Cd
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图4伴矿景天和辣椒不同种植方式对土壤总提取球囊霉素(TE-GRSP)、易提取球囊霉素(EE-GRSP)相关蛋白含量影响
DZ: 单作; JZ1: 带状间作(间作1); JZ2: 交叉间作(间作2); JZ3: 混合间作(间作3)。图中不同小写字母表示不同植物在不同处理间P<0.05水平上差异显著。DZ: monoculture; JZ1: stripe intercropping; JZ2: cross intercropping; JZ3: mixed intercropping. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different planting patterns of different plants at P<0.05 level.
Figure4.Effects of planting patterns of Capsicum annum and Sedum plumbizincicola on contents of soil total extraction of globulin (TE-GRSP) and easily extracted globulin (EE-GRSP)
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图5土壤化学性质、球囊霉素与Cd迁移性、可利用性的冗余度分析
OM: 有机质; TN: 全氮; TP: 全磷; TK: 全钾; AN: 碱解氮; OP: 有效磷; AK: 速效钾; TE-GRSP: 总提取球囊霉素; EE-GRSP: 易提取球囊霉素。OM: organic matter; TN: total nitrogen; TP: total phosphorus; TK: total potassium; AN: available nitrogen; OP: Olsen phosphorus; AK: available potassium; TE-GRSP: total extraction of globulin; EE-GRSP: easily extracted globulin.
Figure5.Redundancy analysis of soil chemical properties and glomalin content and the mobility and availability of Cd
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1伴矿景天和辣椒不同种植方式对土壤化学性质的影响
Table1.Effects of planting patterns of Capsicum annum and Sedum plumbizincicola on soil chemical properties
| 处理 Treatment | pH | 有机质 Organic matter (g·kg?1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg?1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg?1) | 全钾 Total potassium (g·kg?1) | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen (mg·kg?1) | 有效磷 Olsen phosphorus (mg·kg?1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg?1) | |
| 单作 Single | S | 7.07±0.27a | 13.7±1.8ab | 0.82±0.01b | 0.89±0.01cd | 15.1±0.4ab | 49.7±2.1c | 10.1±0.2d | 140±4.0d |
| P | 7.69±0.06b | 7.7±0.84c | 0.54±0.06c | 0.78±0.01ef | 15.5±1.3a | 30.1±2.1d | 6.2±0.6e | 95±9.0e | |
| 间作1 Intercropping 1 | S | 7.66±0.36b | 14.4±2.2a | 0.76±0.02b | 1.10±0.10b | 13.7±0.1cd | 66.3±9.5a | 25.7±0.7a | 163±16bcd |
| P | 7.63±0.08b | 11.0±1.3b | 0.97±0.19a | 1.20±0.03a | 13.9±0.5cd | 43.7±5.3c | 22.4±0.0b | 197±12a | |
| 间作2 Intercropping 2 | S | 7.58±0.05b | 11.2±0.58b | 0.78±0.04b | 0.73±0.09f | 12.7±0.6de | 53.4±5.3bc | 10.0±0.0d | 152±8.0cd |
| P | 7.71±0.06b | 14.2±0.32a | 0.91±0.09ab | 0.96±0.02c | 12.3±0.2e | 60.0±3.0ab | 15.3±0.6c | 166±9.0bc | |
| 间作3 Intercropping 3 | S | 7.61±0.02b | 12.0±0.86b | 0.80±0.06b | 0.73±0.01f | 14.3±0.2bc | 47.6±8.4c | 14.0±0.6c | 180±17ab |
| P | 7.71±0.03b | 12.7±2.0ab | 0.85±0.04ab | 0.83±0.01de | 13.5±0.8cde | 63.7±0.7a | 22.5±2.4b | 201±20a | |
| 间作1: 条带式间作; 间作2: 交叉式间作; 间作3: 混合式间作。S为伴矿景天, P为辣椒。同列数据后不同字母表示在P<0.05水平差异显著。Intercropping 1: stripe intercropping; Intercropping 2: cross intercropping; Intercropping 3: mixed intercropping. S is Sedum plumbizincicola and P is Capsicum annum. Different letters after mean values in the same column indicate significant differences among different planting patterns of different plants at P<0.05 level. | |||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表2土壤Cd迁移性和可利用性与土壤化学性质和球囊霉素含量的冗余分析
Table2.RDA sequencing results of soil Cd mobility and availability and soil chemical properties and globulin contents
| 参数 Statistic | 第1轴 Axis 1 | 第2轴 Axis 2 | 第3轴 Axis 3 | 第4轴 Axis 4 |
| 土壤特征值 Eigenvalues | 0.5471 | 0.1522 | 0.1701 | 0.1307 |
| 变异的累积解释量 Explained variation (cumulative) | 54.71 | 69.93 | 86.93 | 100.00 |
| 相关性 Pseudo-canonical correlation | 0.8735 | 0.7334 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 |
| 累积解释量 Explained fitted variation (cumulative) | 78.23 | 100.00 |
下载: 导出CSV表3土壤化学性质与球囊霉素的显著性检验结果和重要性排序
Table3.Significance and importance of soil chemical properties and glomalin content
| 指标 Index | 重要性排序 Order of importance | 解释量 Explains (%) | F | P |
| TE-GRSP | 1 | 36.3 | 12.6 | 0.002 |
| AK | 2 | 16.9 | 4.5 | 0.024 |
| pH | 3 | 11.7 | 2.9 | 0.076 |
| EE-GRSP | 4 | 9.6 | 2.3 | 0.12 |
| TK | 5 | 9.3 | 2.2 | 0.108 |
| TP | 6 | 7.6 | 1.8 | 0.162 |
| TN | 7 | 7.0 | 1.7 | 0.216 |
| AN | 8 | 6.2 | 1.4 | 0.224 |
| OP | 9 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.634 |
| OM | 10 | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0.994 |
| TE-GRSP: 总提取球囊霉素; AK: 速效钾; EE-GRSP: 易提取球囊霉素; TK: 全钾; TP: 全磷; TN: 全氮; AN: 碱解氮; OP: 有效磷; OM: 有机质。TE-GRSP: total extraction of globulin; AK: available potassium; EE-GRSP: easily extracted globulin; TK: total potassium; TP: total phosphorus; TN: total nitrogen; AN: available nitrogen; OP: Olsen phosphorus; OM: organic matter. | ||||
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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