刘瑾1,,,
杨建军2,
李菊梅3,
刘骅4,
陈源泉1,
隋鹏1
1.中国农业大学农学院 北京 100094
2.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 北京 100081
3.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 北京 100081
4.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 乌鲁木齐 830091
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目41977091
详细信息
作者简介:韩超群, 主要研究方向为作物-土壤系统磷形态转化。E-mail:1510679563@163.com
通讯作者:刘瑾, 主要研究方向为作物-土壤系统养分周转及高效利用机制。E-mail:jliu207@cau.edu.cn
中图分类号:S158.5计量
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被引次数:0
出版历程
收稿日期:2020-06-19
录用日期:2020-09-01
刊出日期:2020-12-01
Citric acid-mediated mobilization of legacy phosphorus in fertilized grey desert soil
HAN Chaoqun1,,LIU Jin1,,,
YANG Jianjun2,
LI Jumei3,
LIU Hua4,
CHEN Yuanquan1,
SUI Peng1
1. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
2. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
4. Institute of Soil and Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China41977091
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Corresponding author:LIU Jin, E-mail:jliu207@cau.edu.cn
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摘要
摘要:明确土壤磷的活化潜力及释放特征是土壤遗留磷资源化利用的前提，以长期定位施肥的灰漠土为试验材料，选取不施肥（CK）、施氮磷钾化肥（NPK）、氮磷钾化肥与有机肥配施（NPKM）3种处理，以高浓度（10 mmol·L-1）和低浓度（2 mmol·L-1）柠檬酸对土壤遗留磷进行多次浸提，探究柠檬酸对长期不同施肥处理灰漠土遗留磷的活化潜力及特征。研究发现：不同施肥处理土壤遗留磷的活化总量为NPK > NPKM > CK，与土壤总磷含量变化一致；高、低浓度柠檬酸对供试灰漠土遗留磷的活化潜力基本相当（>80%）。供试土壤遗留磷的急剧释放伴随土壤pH的大幅下降，说明酸溶解是主要活化机制。高浓度柠檬酸活化整个阶段，NPK处理土壤磷的释放量均高于NPKM处理；而在低浓度柠檬酸处理前期，NPKM释放的磷量大于NPK，相关元素中仅与镁元素的释放一致，可见低浓度柠檬酸活化前期NPKM处理土壤磷的活化很可能来自镁磷。高浓度柠檬酸对灰漠土遗留磷的活化前期以无机Ca8-P活化为主，后期以无机Ca10-P活化为主。综上，柠檬酸可显著促进不同施肥处理灰漠土遗留磷的活化，鉴于灰漠土遗留磷的高活化潜力，可通过适当减量施肥及土壤磷高效利用管理等措施促进作物再利用。
关键词:柠檬酸/
遗留磷/
活化潜力/
施肥方式/
灰漠土
Abstract:Understanding soil phosphorus (P) characteristics and release potential is important for using the accumulated soil P (legacy-P). A long-term fertilization experiment in grey desert soil was performed to investigate the release potential and characteristics of soil legacy-P after mobilization with a low molecular-weight organic acid (i.e., citric acid). Grey desert soil was untreated (CK), treated with commercial fertilization (NPK) or organic manure plus commercial fertilization combination (NPKM), and extracted with citric acid at high (10 mmol·L-1) or low (2 mmol·L-1) concentrations. The results showed that the legacy-P release potential differed among the variable fertilization treatments and was consistent with soil total P concentrations (NPK > NPKM > CK). The legacy-P release potentials after citric acid extraction were similar at high and low concentrations and made up more than 80% of the soil total P. Rapid soil P release was accompanied by a sharp decrease in soil pH, indicating that acid dissolution is the primary release mobilization mechanism. Under NPK treatment, the mobilized P was greater than that under NPKM from the beginning to the end of mobilization. NPKM released more P at the beginning of mobilization with low citric acid concentration, similar to soil magnesium. These results suggest that magnesium-associated P played a major role in P mobilization under NPKM treatment. The high citric acid concentration primarily mobilized the inorganic Ca8-P pool, followed by the inorganic Ca10-P pool. Citric acid significantly facilitated P mobilization in fertilized grey desert soil. The high release potential indicates that grey desert soil legacy-P can be accessed by reducing fertilization and efficient P management practices.
Key words:Citric acid/
Legacy phosphorus/
Mobilization potential/
Fertilization pattern/
Grey desert soils
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图1柠檬酸对不同施肥处理下土壤遗留磷的活化及土壤浸提液pH的影响
CK:不施肥对照; NPK:施用氮磷钾化肥; NPKM:氮磷钾化肥与有机肥配施; 水:无柠檬对照; 低酸: 2 mmol·L-1柠檬酸; 高酸: 10 mmol·L-1柠檬酸。
Figure1.Impact of citric acid on the release of soil legacy phosphorus and pH of soil extractant under different fertilization treatments
CK: control of no fertilization; NPK: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization; NPKM: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium plus manure fertilization; water: control of no citric acid; Low citric acid: 2 mmol·L-1 citric acid; High citric acid: 10 mmol·L-1 citric acid.
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图2柠檬酸对不同施肥处理下土壤中磷相关金属元素活化动态的影响
CK:不施肥对照; NPK:施用氮磷钾化肥; NPKM:氮磷钾化肥与有机肥配施; 水:无柠檬对照; 低酸: 2 mmol·L-1柠檬酸; 高酸: 10 mmol·L-1柠檬酸。
Figure2.Impact of citric acid on the release of soil phosphorus-related metals under different fertilization treatments
CK: control of no fertilization; NPK: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization; NPKM: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium plus manure fertilization; water: control of no citric acid; Low citric acid: 2 mmol·L-1 citric acid; High citric acid: 10 mmol·L-1 citric acid.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3柠檬酸活化后不同施肥处理下土壤遗留磷形态组成
IP:无机磷; OP:有机磷。CK:不施肥对照; NPK:施用氮磷钾化肥; NPKM:氮磷钾化肥与有机肥配施。
Figure3.Fractionation of soil legacy phosphorus under different fertilization treatments after the mobilization by citric acid
IP: inorganic phosphorus; OP: organic phosphorus. CK: control of no fertilization; NPK: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization; NPKM: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium plus manure fertilization.
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1供试土壤基本理化性质
Table1.Selected properties of the studied soil samples
| 处理 Treatment | pH | 有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg-1) | 无机碳 Inorganic carbon (g·kg-1) | 总氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 总磷 Total phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 无机磷 Inorganic phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 有机磷 Organic phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 二钙磷 Ca2-Pi (mg·kg-1) | 八钙磷 Ca8-Pi (mg·kg-1) | 铝磷 Al-Pi (mg·kg-1) | 铁磷 Fe-Pi (mg·kg-1) | 闭蓄态磷 Occluded-Pi (mg·kg-1) | 十钙磷 Ca10-Pi (mg·kg-1) |
| 1990CK | 8.3 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 669.5 | 550.0 | 119.5 | 1.7 | 97.7 | 27.3 | 18.3 | 8.2 | 388.0 |
| CK | 8.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 674.5 | 562.9 | 111.6 | 2.2 | 91.4 | 32.7 | 17.1 | 7.7 | 392.3 |
| NPK | 8.5 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 958.9 | 831.6 | 127.3 | 12.6 | 286.5 | 46.4 | 25.2 | 7.8 | 433.1 |
| NPKM | 8.3 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 892.6 | 744.2 | 148.4 | 34.3 | 274.1 | 44.4 | 25.8 | 11.3 | 414.3 |
| ??1990CK:试验初始土样; CK:不施肥; NPK:施用氮磷钾化肥; NPKM:氮磷钾化肥与有机肥配施。1990CK: the initial soil sample; CK: no fertilization; NPK: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization; NPKM: chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium plus manure fertilization. | |||||||||||||
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