孔令聪1,
习敏2,
吴文革2,,,
陈金华3,
岳伟3
1.安徽省农业科学院作物研究所 合肥 230031
2.安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 合肥 230031
3.安徽省气象科学研究所 合肥 230031
基金项目: 国家重点研发计划项目2017YFD0301306
国家重点研发计划项目2018YFD0300906
详细信息
作者简介:杜祥备, 主要研究方向为作物生理生态和资源高效利用。E-mail:duxiangbei@126.com
通讯作者:吴文革, 主要研究方向为水稻栽培生理生态研究。E-mail:wuwenge@vip.sina.com
中图分类号:S162.3计量
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出版历程
收稿日期:2018-12-24
录用日期:2019-02-20
刊出日期:2019-07-01
Characteristics of resource allocation and utilization of rice-wheat double cropping system in the Jianghuai Area
DU Xiangbei1,,KONG Lingcong1,
XI Min2,
WU Wenge2,,,
CHEN Jinhua3,
YUE Wei3
1. Crop Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2. Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
3. Anhui Meteorological Institute, Hefei 230031, China
Funds: the National Key Research and Development Program of China2017YFD0301306
the National Key Research and Development Program of China2018YFD0300906
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Corresponding author:WU Wenge, E-mail: wuwenge@vip.sina.com
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摘要
摘要:江淮区域稻麦周年两熟种植模式自然资源分配与利用特征尚不明确，限制了该区作物周年高产高效协同发展。本研究通过对江淮区域不同地区多年多点水稻-小麦种植模式高产试验数据分析，明确两熟制季节间资源分配特征、资源利用效率及其与产量的关系。结果表明：2008-2017年小麦季和周年辐射均呈降低趋势，水稻季沿淮和江淮地区呈增加趋势，沿江地区呈降低趋势；小麦季积温呈增加趋势、水稻季大部分呈降低趋势，周年沿淮地区呈增加趋势，江淮和沿江地区呈降低趋势；降雨小麦季、水稻季和周年总体呈增加趋势。江淮地区周年辐射量从北向南逐渐减少，不同种植模式间无显著差异；小麦季、水稻季辐射分配率粳稻-小麦模式分别为53.1%、51.9%，籼稻-小麦模式分别为55.0%、49.8%。江淮地区从北向南累积积温和降雨量逐渐增加，不同种植模式间无显著差异；小麦季、水稻季积温分配率粳稻-小麦模式为38.5%、67.3%，籼稻-小麦模式为40.7%、65.1%；小麦季、水稻季降雨分配率在2种模式间无显著差异，而不同地区间差异显著，沿淮地区为32.8%、70.5%，江淮地区为40.8%、64.7%，沿江地区为46.2%、57.2%。当前生产模式下，江淮区域稻麦两熟种植模式以水稻产量所占比重最高，平均为57.0%。小麦季积温生产效率沿淮地区显著高于江淮地区和沿江地区，不同种植模式间差异较小；水稻季积温生产效率不同地区不同模式间差异较小；周年积温生产效率不同地区间差异显著，且沿淮地区>江淮地区>沿江地区，不同种植模式间差异不显著。区域间作物光能生产效率差异较小，小麦季、水稻季和周年均无显著差异。不同地区降雨生产效率变异较大，小麦季、水稻季和周年均以沿淮地区大于江淮地区，显著高于沿江地区；不同种植模式间无显著差异。因此，江淮区域稻麦周年两熟资源高效利用原则应以合理配置季节间辐射为主，兼顾降雨和积温。不同地区应结合气候资源配置特点，通过合理的播栽期、周年生育期适宜的品种搭配等栽培措施将部分光热资源调配给水稻，实现产量和资源利用效率双提升。
关键词:江淮区域/
稻麦周年两熟/
种植模式/
资源配置特征/
分配率/
资源利用效率
Abstract:Rice-wheat double cropping system is the main cropping pattern in the Jianghuai Area. The characteristics of natural resource allocation and utilization and their relationship with yield are still unclear. It is necessary to establish a quantitative evaluation index system for the systematic guidance of the double cropping system. In this study, resources distribution between two seasons, resources utilization efficiencies, and yield of rice-wheat double cropping system in three regions of the Jianghuai Area:along Huaihe River region (AHR), Jianghuai region (JH), and along Yangtze River region (AYR), were quantitatively analyzed using the large database created from high yield field experiments during 2008-2017. The results were as follows:radiation during wheat season and per year decreased in the region, while in the rice season radiation increased in AHR and JH but decreased in AYR. The accumulated temperature increased in wheat season and decreased in rice season, and the annual accumulated temperature increased in AHR and decreased in JH and AYR. Precipitation during wheat season, rice season, and per year increased. The annual radiation in the Jianghuai area increased from the north to the south with no significant difference between japonica rice-wheat system and indica rice-wheat system. The radiation distribution rate of wheat season and rice season were 53.1% and 51.9%, respectively, for the japonica rice-wheat double cropping system, and 55.0% and 49.8%, respectively, for the indica rice-wheat double cropping system. The cumulative accumulated temperature and precipitation gradually increased from the north to the south of Jianghuai area, with no significant difference between two systems, but there were significant differences between different regions. The distribution rate of accumulated temperature in wheat and rice season were 38.5% and 67.3%, respectively, for the japonica rice-wheat, and were 40.7%, 65.1%, respectively for the indica rice-wheat double cropping system. The accumulated precipitation distribution rate of wheat season and rice season were 32.8% and 70.5%, respectively, for the AHR region; 40.8% and 64.7% respectively, for the JH region; and 46.2%, 57.2%, respectively, for the AYR region. Under the current production pattern, rice production had the highest yield proportion of the wheat-rice double cropping system, with an average of 57.0%. The temperature production efficiency in wheat season was higher in AHR than in JH and AYR; during rice season this did not change greatly between the two systems and among the three regions. The annual temperature production efficiency order for the three regions was:AHR > JH > AYR. Radiation use efficiency of crops was not different for different seasons. The rain production efficiency in wheat and rice seasons and per year was significantly lower in AYR than both in AHR and JH. Rice production in the JH region was mainly affected by radiation, and wheat production was mainly affected by rainfall, which limited further increase in crop yield potential. Climate change effects tended to be unfavorable to the evolution of climate resources in the future. When compared with wheat, rice had higher efficient utilization of radiation resources, which was important for improving yield and the resource use efficiency of rice-wheat double cropping system in the JH region. Based on the analysis, we put forward the principle of annual high efficiency utilization, because radiation was the main factor between the two wheat-rice double cropping system, when considering rainfall and growth degree-days. Cultivation measures such as sowing date adjustment and annual cultivars combination can allocate more resources to rice season, thus improving the yield and resource utilization efficiency.
Key words:Jianghuai Area/
Rice-wheat double cropping/
Cropping system/
Resources distribution characteristic/
Distribution rate/
Resources use efficiency
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图1江淮地区粳稻产量与气候资源的关系
Figure1.Relationship between Japonica rice yield and climate resources in Jianghuai area
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图2江淮地区籼稻产量与气候资源的关系
Figure2.Relationship between Indica rice yield and climate resources in Jianghuai area
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片
图3江淮地区小麦产量与气候资源的关系
Figure3.Relationship between wheat yield and climate resources in Jianghuai area
下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片表1作物产量数据来源的示范区的地理分布位置
Table1.Locations of the experiment sites from which crops yield coming
| 地区 Region | 试验点 Experiment site | 经度 Longitude | 纬度 Latitude |
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 凤台Fengtai | 116.58°E | 32.79°N |
| 颍上Yingshang | 116.26°E | 32.66°N | |
| 怀远Huaiyuan | 116.88°E | 33.11°N | |
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 滁州Chuzhou | 118.32°E | 32.32°N |
| 长丰Changfeng | 117.17°E | 32.29°N | |
| 六安Liu’an | 116.51°E | 31.76°N | |
| 合肥Hefei | 117.27°E | 31.67°N | |
| 巢湖Chaohu | 117.88°E | 31.61°N | |
| 庐江Lujiang | 117.17°E | 31.44°N | |
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 望江Wangjiang | 116.69°E | 30.24°N |
| 贵池Guichi | 117.51°E | 30.51°N | |
| 池州Chizhou | 117.49°E | 30.66°N | |
| 安庆Anqing | 117.06°E | 30.54°N |
下载: 导出CSV表2江淮不同地区小麦和水稻的播期和收获期
Table2.Sowing and harvest date of winter wheat and rice at different regions of Jianghuai Area
| 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 小麦季 Wheat season | 水稻季 Rice season | |||
| 播期(月-日) Sowing date (month-day) | 收获期(月-日) Harvest date (month-day) | 播期(月-日) Sowing date (month-day) | 收获期(月-日) Harvest date (month-day) | |||
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦Japonica rice-wheat | 10-28—11-12 | 06-01—06-10 | 05-05—05-15 | 10-22—11-10 | |
| 籼稻-小麦Indica rice-wheat | 10-15—10-26 | 06-01—06-10 | 05-10—05-25 | 10-15—10-25 | ||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦Japonica rice-wheat | 10-29—11-15 | 06-01—06-08 | 05-05—05-15 | 10-28—11-13 | |
| 籼稻-小麦Indica rice-wheat | 10-15—11-02 | 06-01—06-08 | 05-15—05-25 | 10-12—10-26 | ||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦Japonica rice-wheat | 11-05—11-18 | 06-01—06-05 | 05-01—05-15 | 10-26—11-10 | |
| 籼稻-小麦Indica rice-wheat | 10-25—11-05 | 05-31—06-05 | 05-10—05-20 | 10-20—11-07 | ||
下载: 导出CSV表3江淮不同地区不同种植稻麦模式周年产量
Table3.Grain yields of different rice-wheat double cropping systems at different experiment sites in Jianghuai Area
| 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 试验点数 Experiment sites number | 小麦 Wheat | 水稻 Rice | 周年总产量 Annual total yield (kg?hm-2) | |||
| 平均产量Average yield (kg?hm-2) | 占周年产量比重Proportion of annual total yield (%) | 平均产量Average yield (kg?hm-2) | 占周年产量比重Proportion of annual total yield (%) | |||||
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 52 | 7 777.5±1 171.5b | 42.7bc | 10 422.0±1 075.5ab | 57.3d | 18 199.5±933.3a | |
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 41 | 8 478.3±735.2a | 47.0a | 9 574.5±354.2bc | 53.0e | 18 052.6±758.4a | ||
| 江淮地区Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 48 | 7 198.5±804.3c | 40.2c | 10 710.2±1 422.3a | 59.8a | 17 908.8±1 023.5a | |
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 42 | 7 909.5±916.5ab | 45.0ab | 9 661.5±727.4bc | 55.0d | 17 571.0±653.2ab | ||
| 沿江地区Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 27 | 6 589.8±1 044.9d | 39.5c | 10 092.7±993.2ab | 60.5a | 16 681.5±594.5b | |
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 38 | 7 293.7±1 234.1c | 43.8ab | 9 357.8±736.5c | 56.2c | 16 650.7±879.4b | ||
| 同列不同小写字母表示5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant differences at P < 0.05. | ||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表4江淮不同地区不同稻麦种植模式气候资源变化特征
Table4.Averages and temporal trends of accumulated radiation, growth degree-days and accumulated precipitation for different rice-wheat double cropping systems at different experiment sites in Jianghuai Area
| 气候资源 Climate resource | 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 小麦季 Wheat season | 水稻季 Rice season | 周年 Annual | |||||
| 范围 Range | 变化趋势 Temporal trend [?(10 a)-1] | 范围 Range | 变化趋势 Temporal trend [?(10 a)-1] | 范围 Range | 变化趋势 Temporal trend [?(10 a)-1] | |||||
| 辐射 Radiation (MJ?m-2) | 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 701.0~ 3 057.8 | -14.6ns | 2 514.9~2 936.3 | 14.3ns | 5 343.4~5 971.2 | -0.4ns | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 767.2~ 3 439.5 | -23.8ns | 2 389.6~2 681.6 | 21.2ns | 5 332.7~5 852.7 | -5.7ns | ||||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 494.5~ 2 885.4 | -21.5ns | 2 462.9~2 916.1 | 2.6ns | 5 112.1~5 620.1 | -18.9ns | |||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 622.5~ 3 279.6 | -23.7ns | 2 283.5~2 690.0 | 3.7ns | 5 063.5~5 517.9 | -20.0ns | ||||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 063.9~ 2 931.4 | -22.4ns | 2 181.3~2 861.7 | -24.5ns | 4 297.8~5 399.7 | -46.9ns | |||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 096.4~ 2 973.4 | -24.3ns | 2 197.4~2 652.8 | -25.1ns | 4 292.7~5 441.7 | -49.3ns | ||||
| 积温 Growth degree-days (℃?d) | 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 1 925.2~ 2 424.7 | 1.9ns | 3 990.1~4 269.9 | -1.49ns | 6 139.3~6 649.2 | 19.7ns | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 196.4~ 2 625.1 | 5.8ns | 3 822.8~4 120.0 | -0.1ns | 6 148.2~6 616.7 | 13.3ns | ||||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 047.8~ 2 555.7 | 4.6ns | 4 015.1~4 317.8 | 7.3ns | 6 164.7~6 800.6 | -2.7ns | |||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 249.9~ 2 745.9 | 2.9ns | 3 793.3~4 066.6 | -7.5ns | 6 162.6~6 758.3 | -4.6ns | ||||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 243.2~ 2 715.0 | 0.1ns | 4 039.3~4 290.9 | -17.3ns | 6 411.4~7 005.8 | -17.2ns | |||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 273.1~ 2 766.8 | 1.7ns | 3 898.9~4 162.7 | -16.8ns | 6 329.9~6 928.3 | -15.5ns | ||||
降雨Precipitation (mm) | 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 85.3~439.6 | 2.8ns | 446.5~987.5 | 3.1ns | 890.7~1 374.4 | 5.9ns | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 88.2~492.9 | 10.3ns | 431.2~987.4 | 1.5ns | 519.4~1 417.7 | 11.8ns | ||||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 167.5~664.1 | 9.2ns | 627.6~1 083.8 | 15.8ns | 866.3~1 651.2 | 25.0ns | |||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 172.2~696.9 | 17.8ns | 544.4~902.8 | 10.5ns | 845.9~1 477.7 | 28.3ns | ||||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 337.1~1 030.2 | 20.6ns | 698.2~1 588.9 | 40.3ns | 1 120.1~2 404.0 | 60.8ns | |||
| 籼稻-小麦Indica rice-wheat | 282.7~941.3 | 22.5ns | 655.1~1 330.8 | 37.1ns | 1 053.9~2 250.8 | 59.6ns | ||||
| ns:趋势不显著。ns: trends are not significant at 0.05 level. | ||||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表5江淮不同地区不同稻麦种植模式季节间辐射资源分配
Table5.Distribution of accumulated radiation in different rice-wheat double cropping systems at different experiment sites in Jianghuai Area
| 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 小麦季 Wheat season | 水稻季 Rice season | 周年 Annual | |||||
| 辐射Radiation (MJ·m-2) | 分配率Distribution rate (%) | 辐射Radiation (MJ·m-2) | 分配率Distribution rate (%) | 辐射Radiation (MJ·m-2) | 两季比Wheat season / rice season | ||||
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 916.6±226.6b | 54.3b | 2 745.8±216.2a | 51.1ab | 5 372.4±331.6a | 1.06b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 3 014.5±240.8a | 56.4a | 2 622.7±212.7b | 49.0b | 5 347.2±326.3a | 1.15a | |||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 769.3±229.7c | 53.7b | 2 670.1±210.8ab | 51.8ab | 5 159.4±370.9b | 1.04b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 878.2±233.8b | 56.4a | 2 497.7±202.6c | 49.0b | 5 098.9±362.6b | 1.15a | |||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 550.9±256.8d | 51.2c | 2 624.9±264.2b | 52.7a | 4 982.8±474.5c | 0.97b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 575.2±257.6d | 52.2c | 2 541.6±264.5bc | 51.5ab | 4 936.8±466.9c | 1.01b | |||
| 表中同列不同小写字母表示5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant differences at P < 0.05. | |||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表6江淮不同地区不同稻麦种植模式季节间积温资源分配
Table6.Distribution of growth degree-days in different rice-wheat double cropping systems at different experiment sites in Jianghuai Area
| 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 小麦季Wheat season | 水稻季Rice season | 周年Annual | |||||
| 积温 Growth degree-days (℃?d) | 分配率 Distribution rate (%) | 积温 Growth degree-days (℃?d) | 分配率 Distribution rate (%) | 积温 Growth degree-days (℃?d) | 两季比 Wheat season/rice season | ||||
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 290.1±127.0c | 38.1bc | 4 117.8±89.6a | 68.5a | 6 007.9±159.2c | 0.56b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 443.3±115.7ab | 40.8ab | 3 944.4±95.2b | 65.9ab | 5 987.7±140.5c | 0.62a | |||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 2 348.8±141.9b | 37.8c | 4 167.4±102.8a | 67.1a | 6 206.2±202.4b | 0.56b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 512.4±142.8a | 41.1a | 3 934.8±102.5b | 64.4b | 6 107.2±196.4bc | 0.64a | |||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦Japonica rice-wheat | 2 495.2±119.8a | 39.5b | 4 188.9±96.7a | 66.2ab | 6 324.1±173.2a | 0.60ab | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2 523.7±121.6a | 40.3ab | 4 065.1±98.6ab | 64.8b | 6 268.8±174.4ab | 0.62a | |||
| 表中同列不同小写字母表示5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant differences at P < 0.05. | |||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表7江淮不同地区不同稻麦种植模式季节间降雨资源分配
Table7.Distribution of accumulated precipitation in different rice-wheat double cropping systems at different experiment sites in Jianghuai area
| 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 小麦季Wheat season | 水稻季Rice season | 周年Annual | |||||
| 降雨 Precipitation (mm) | 分配率 Distribution rate (%) | 降雨 Precipitation (mm) | 分配率 Distribution rate (%) | 降雨 Precipitation (mm) | 两季比 Wheat season / rice season | ||||
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice-wheat | 316.1±95.4c | 31.6c | 714.8±198.0b | 71.3a | 1 001.9±241.0c | 0.44c | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 343.7±109.6c | 34.0c | 704.7±203.1b | 69.7a | 1 011.4±255.2c | 0.49c | |||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦Japonica rice-wheat | 445.5±137.6b | 39.0b | 747.2±180.0b | 65.4b | 1 142.7±264.8b | 0.60b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 475.7±150.8b | 42.5b | 717.0±164.0b | 64.1b | 1 118.7±257.1b | 0.66b | |||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦Japonica rice-wheat | 701.6±185.5a | 46.2a | 872.6±274.1a | 57.4c | 1 520.2±411.8a | 0.80a | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 693.5±188.9a | 46.3a | 853.7±257.9a | 57.0c | 1 497.2±397.7a | 0.81a | |||
| 表中同列不同小写字母表示5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant differences at P < 0.05. | |||||||||
下载: 导出CSV表8江淮不同地区不同稻麦种植模式小麦、水稻气候资源利用效率比较
Table8.Climate resource use efficiency of different rice-wheat double cropping systems at different experiment sites in Jianghuai area
| 地区 Region | 种植模式 Cropping system | 温度生产效率 Temperature production efficiency (kg?hm-2?℃-1) | 光能生产效率 Radiation use efficiency (g?MJ-1) | 降雨生产效率 Rain production efficiency (kg?mm-1) | ||||||||
| 小麦季 Wheat season | 水稻季 Rice season | 周年 Annual | 小麦季 Wheat season | 水稻季 Rice season | 周年 Annual | 小麦季 Wheat season | 水稻季 Rice season | 周年 Annual | ||||
| 沿淮地区 Along Huaihe River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice- wheat | 3.40±0.24a | 2.53±0.17a | 3.03±0.18a | 0.27±0.03a | 0.38±0.04ab | 0.34±0.01a | 24.60±2.67a | 14.58±1.68a | 18.16±1.85a | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 3.47±0.22a | 2.43±0.16ab | 3.01±0.20a | 0.28±0.04a | 0.37±0.03b | 0.34±0.03a | 24.67±2.65a | 13.59±1.28a | 17.85±1.96a | |||
| 江淮地区 Jianghuai region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice- wheat | 3.06±0.19b | 2.57±0.17a | 2.89±0.15b | 0.26±0.03a | 0.40±0.03a | 0.35±0.02a | 16.16±1.73b | 14.33±1.64a | 15.67±1.46b | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 3.15±0.21b | 2.46±0.19ab | 2.88±0.17b | 0.27±0.03a | 0.39±0.02ab | 0.35±0.03a | 16.63±1.82b | 13.47±1.28a | 15.71±1.53b | |||
| 沿江地区 Along Yangtze River region | 粳稻-小麦 Japonica rice- wheat | 2.64±0.18d | 2.41±0.19ab | 2.64±0.18c | 0.26±0.02a | 0.38±0.03ab | 0.34±0.02a | 9.39±1.01c | 11.57±1.43b | 10.97±1.02c | ||
| 籼稻-小麦 Indica rice-wheat | 2.89±0.20c | 2.30±0.20b | 2.66±0.16c | 0.28±0.02a | 0.37±0.02b | 0.34±0.03a | 10.52±1.16c | 10.96±1.15b | 11.12±1.05c | |||
| 表中同列不同小写字母表示5%水平差异显著。Different lowercase letters in the same column mean significant differences at P < 0.05. | ||||||||||||
下载: 导出CSV参考文献
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