活性氧调控豆科植物早期结瘤的研究进展

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作者简介:汪锦, 主要从事根瘤形成及根系分泌物方面的研究。E-mail:Wjinida@163.com

通讯作者:雍太文, 主要从事作物生理生态研究。E-mail:yongtaiwen@sicau.edu.cn

中图分类号:Q945

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收稿日期:2018-09-14
录用日期:2018-11-01
刊出日期:2019-03-01

The role of reactive oxygen in regulating early nodulation of legumes

WANG Jin,
CHEN Ping,
DU Qing,
ZHANG Xiaona,
ZHOU Ying,
REN Jianrui,
WANG Tian,
YONG Taiwen^,
College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China
Funds: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China31671625
the National Key Research and Development Project of China2016YFD0300202

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Corresponding author:YONG Taiwen, E-mail:yongtaiwen@sicau.edu.cn

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摘要
摘要:活性氧(reactive oxygen species，ROS)是一类具有高反应活性的氧衍生物，包括超氧阴离子(·O₂^-)、羟自由基(·OH)、过氧羟自由基(·HO₂)以及过氧化氢(H₂O₂)等。植物在进行有氧代谢或遭遇生物与非生物胁迫时会产生ROS，它不仅仅是有氧代谢的有毒副产物，同时能作为信号分子调节体内代谢过程，对抗外界环境。豆科植物形成根瘤时同样会产生ROS，这种ROS的变化区别于病原体入侵，而是作为一种信号物质参与结瘤过程。结瘤因子(nod factor，NF)诱导下ROS的产生参与了浸染线形成时细胞壁的重建、植物基质糖蛋白(matrix glycoprotein，MGP)的交联和肌动蛋白微丝的成核和延长过程。细胞质膜NADPH氧化酶(respiratory burst oxidase homologue，RBOHs)是共生过程中ROS产生的主要途径，Rboh基因的过表达会促进根瘤菌浸染和根瘤形成，同时根瘤中的共生微粒体数量增加，固氮效率提高，而表达受抑制后会减少ROS的产生，同时下调结瘤相关基因RIPs、NIN、ENOD2的表达，抑制固氮酶活性。此外，ROS时空上的变化与Ca²⁺相关联，协同调控根系结瘤。ROS的产生是植物与微生物早期的识别信号，通过认识ROS在早期结瘤过程中的作用有助于我们进一步理解共生关系建立的特异性。本文就ROS在早期结瘤过程中的产生及其发挥的作用做了综述，指出ROS通过直接或间接作用诱导结瘤基因的表达，是豆科植物根瘤形成以及功能固氮的重要信号分子。
关键词:活性氧/
结瘤信号/
根瘤形成/
固氮/
豆科作物
Abstract:Research on the production and function of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed during early nodulation in legumes was reviewed. The ROS are highly reactive oxygen derivatives, including superoxide anion (·O₂^-), hydroxyl radical (·OH), hydroperoxyl radical (·HO₂), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). These radicals were produced during aerobic metabolism and when plants were under biotic and abiotic stresses. While toxic, these compounds serve as signalers that can trigger metabolism regulations to combat adverse environments. The ROS are produced during nodulation in legumes, induced by the nod factor (NF), to participate in infection formation, contributing to cell wall reconstruction, cross-linking of matrix glycoprotein (MGP), and actin microfilament nucleation and branching. Symbiotic production of ROS is primarily through cytoplasmic membrane NADPH respiratory burst oxidase homologue (RBOHs). Overexpression of Rboh stimulates rhizobia infection and nodule formation, resulting in increased number of symbiotic microsomes and nitrogen fixation efficiencies. Conversely, inhibition of Rboh decreases the production of ROS and down-regulates the expression of related RIPs, NIN, and ENOD2. The ROS regulate nodulation also in conjunction with Ca²⁺ through spatial and temporal alterations. In conclusion, ROS in legumes are a group of signaler molecules that function to regulate nodulation through genes expression.
Key words:ROS/
Nodulation signal/
Nodulation/
Nitrogen fixation/
Legume

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图1活性氧的产生和信号调控
Figure1.Generation and signal transduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)

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图2活性氧(ROS)与Ca²⁺在豆科作物结瘤信号传递中扮演的角色
LysM RLKs:受体激酶; RBOH:细胞质膜NADPH氧化酶。
Figure2.Roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca²⁺ in nodulation signal transduction of Leguminosae crops
LysM RLKs: receptor kinases; RBOH: respiratory burst oxidase homologue.

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参考文献(84)

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