Effects of different calcium concentrations on growth and physiology of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings
Xin ZHAO,1, Wen-Juan WANG1, Pu-Chang WANG2,3, Li-Juan HUANG1, Li-Li ZHAO,1,2,*1Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China 2Key Laboratory of Mountain Plant Resources Protection and Germplasm Innovation Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China 3Guizhou Institute of Prataculture, Guiyang 550006, China
Abstract Aims The study about the effects of different calcium concentrations on the growth and physiology of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings is very important to reveal the adaptive mechanism of Paspalum wettsteinii to the environment with different calcium concentrations. Methods Potted sand culture was used to study the effects of different calcium concentrations (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mmol·L-1 CaCl2) and different treatment times (7, 14, 21 and 28 d) on the growth, osmotic regulator content, antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings. Important findings Results showed that, with the increase of the CaCl2 concentration and the extension of treatment time, the morphological indexes, biomass, osmotic regulators content, antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings displayed a similar trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Under the low calcium concentrations (5-50 mmol·L-1), plant height, leaf length, leaf width, root length and biomass all increased. The contents of proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar and the activities of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance increased as well, but, malondialdehyde content and intercellular CO2 concentration decreased. Under the high calcium concentrations (200 mmol·L-1), the contents of proline, soluble protein, soluble sugar and the activities of peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase decreased. Malondialdehyde content and intercellular CO2 concentration increased as well, but chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased. Combined with the membership function analysis, the treatment of low calcium concentrations (5-50 mmol·L-1) had no inhibitory effect on the seedlings of Paspalum wettsteinii, indicating that Paspalum wettsteinii had certain tolerance to low calcium salt stress. Under the treatment of high calcium concentration (200 mmol·L-1), Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings could rapidly regulate the physiological and metabolic functions of plants by increasing the content of organic osmotic regulating substances, enhancing enzyme activity, chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, so as to adapt to high calcium concentration environment. Keywords:Paspalum wettsteinii;calcium concentrations;growth;physiological
PDF (1436KB)元数据多维度评价相关文章导出EndNote|Ris|Bibtex收藏本文 引用本文 赵鑫, 王文娟, 王普昶, 黄莉娟, 赵丽丽. 不同钙浓度对宽叶雀稗幼苗的生长和抗性生理的影响. 植物生态学报, 2019, 43(10): 909-920. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0235 ZHAO Xin, WANG Wen-Juan, WANG Pu-Chang, HUANG Li-Juan, ZHAO Li-Li. Effects of different calcium concentrations on growth and physiology of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2019, 43(10): 909-920. DOI: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0235
Fig. 1Effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on the growth indices of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different CaCl2 concentrations (p < 0.05).
Fig. 2Effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on the biomass of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings (mean ± SE). Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different CaCl2 concentrations (p < 0.05).
Table 1 表1 表1不同CaCl2浓度对宽叶雀稗幼苗脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量的影响(平均值±标准误差) Table 1Effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on proline content, soluble protein and soluble sugar content of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings (mean ± SE)
渗透调节物质Osmoregulation substance
CaCl2浓度 CaCl2 concentrations (mmol·L-1)
时间处理 Time treatment (d)
7
14
21
28
脯氨酸 Proline (μg·g-1)
0
16.13 ± 0.84Cc
27.24 ± 0.97Ac
23.87 ± 0.70Bc
10.08 ± 1.43Dc
5
23.44 ± 1.17Ca
30.91 ± 0.87Ab
27.64 ± 0.63Bb
13.25 ± 0.61Db
25
25.04 ± 1.41Ca
32.82 ± 0.68Aa
30.91 ± 0.52Ba
16.97 ± 0.65Da
50
20.51 ± 0.95Cb
24.46 ± 0.67Ad
22.68 ± 0.62Bc
12.94 ± 0.74Db
100
14.23 ± 0.57Cd
22.98 ± 0.62Ae
19.08 ± 0.38Bd
8.85 ± 0.62Dd
200
9.65 ± 0.32Be
14.66 ± 1.17Af
15.15 ± 0.32Ae
7.25 ± 0.68Bd
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein (mg·g-1)
0
10.22 ± 0.70Bd
14.09 ± 0.41Ac
10.73 ± 0.43Bc
6.25 ± 0.36Cb
5
11.23 ± 0.50Bc
15.47 ± 0.31Ab
13.16 ± 0.73Ca
7.48 ± 0.23Db
25
12.50 ± 0.27Bb
17.38 ± 0.54Aa
14.11 ± 0.77Ba
8.99 ± 0.44Ca
50
13.67 ± 0.12Ba
18.03 ± 0.43Aa
11.84 ± 0.34Cb
6.13 ± 0.45Db
100
11.56 ± 0.49Bc
16.25 ± 0.64Ab
10.17 ± 0.57Cc
4.93 ± 0.25Dc
200
8.05 ± 0.54Ce
13.54 ± 0.35Ac
8.96 ± 0.07Bd
3.75 ± 0.11Dd
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (mg·g-1)
0
17.04 ± 1.22Cd
27.07 ± 1.42Ad
22.54 ± 0.61Bc
12.26 ± 1.64Db
5
18.60 ± 0.64Cc
30.27 ± 0.70Ab
23.68 ± 0.85Bb
12.36 ± 0.80Db
25
21.25 ± 1.21Cb
32.00 ± 1.47Aa
25.40 ± 1.50Ba
14.36 ± 0.95Da
50
22.23 ± 0.51Ba
29.05 ± 1.36Ac
20.81 ± 1.10Cd
13.62 ± 0.49Da
100
15.82 ± 0.97Ce
27.23 ± 1.29Ad
19.09 ± 1.06Be
10.45 ± 0.43Dc
200
13.92 ± 0.87Cf
26.53 ± 0.80Ad
19.62 ± 0.44Be
10.50 ± 1.08Dc
Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at different times of the same concentration (p < 0.05); different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between different concentrations at the same time (p < 0.05). 不同大写字母表示同一浓度不同时间处理间差异显著(p < 0.05); 不同小写字母表示同一时间处理不同浓度间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Table 2 表2 表2不同CaCl2浓度对宽叶雀稗幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响(平均值±标准误差) Table 2Effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings (mean ± SE)
抗氧化酶和丙二醛 Antioxidative enzyme and malondialdehyde
CaCl2 浓度 CaCl2 concentrations (mmol·L-1)
时间处理 Time treatment (d)
7
14
21
28
POD (U·g-1)
0
1 034.32 ± 65.54Bb
1 135.20 ± 29.29Ac
827.85 ± 37.30Cc
667.22 ± 38.99Db
5
1 043.20 ± 37.77Bb
1 240.38 ± 60.69Ab
967.84 ± 21.11Bb
825.57 ± 59.04Ca
25
1 173.26 ± 21.35Bb
1 381.73 ± 35.64Aa
1 111.83 ± 29.74Ba
883.05 ± 54.03Ca
50
1 185.94 ± 52.78Aa
1 158.08 ± 61.95Abc
802.64 ± 26.22Bc
639.95 ± 17.27Cb
100
1 048.06 ± 55.63Ab
998.21 ± 27.68Ad
661.87 ± 52.83Bd
458.34 ± 31.80Cc
200
890.13 ± 24.29Ac
726.07 ± 56.01Be
446.48 ± 63.14Ce
398.46 ± 13.29Cc
CAT (U·g-1)
0
49.58 ± 5.27Ccd
91.00 ± 4.84Ac
66.25 ± 2.84Bc
40.33 ± 2.02Dc
5
58.18 ± 3.69Cb
96.86 ± 3.75Abc
75.56 ± 3.61Bb
44.21 ± 0.98Db
25
66.18 ± 5.21Ca
106.90 ± 3.97Aa
81.33 ± 2.30Ba
50.22 ± 0.99Da
50
53.87 ± 2.95Cbc
102.75 ± 4.81Ab
71.13 ± 2.85Bb
37.60 ± 1.24Dd
100
44.38 ± 4.29Cd
78.95 ± 2.41Ad
52.96 ± 1.65Bd
32.82 ± 1.39De
200
42.96 ± 3.79Cd
63.27 ± 2.40Ae
49.20 ± 2.66Bd
30.58 ± 2.24De
SOD (U·g-1)
0
449.72 ± 15.86Ce
761.24 ± 19.78Ac
511.24 ± 1.00Bd
362.00 ± 4.92Dc
5
531.29 ± 17.48Cc
783.43 ± 7.93Ab
566.58 ± 10.39Bb
391.70 ± 1.45Db
25
598.90 ± 5.61Ca
878.34 ± 3.26Aa
626.77 ± 20.00Ba
416.30 ± 2.84Da
50
566.31 ± 1.98Bb
797.08 ± 3.70Ab
545.40 ± 5.00Cc
387.04 ± 5.43Db
100
516.22 ± 1.12Bc
660.98 ± 10.88Ad
431.00 ± 10.00Ce
333.14 ± 3.22Dd
200
468.37 ± 2.77Bd
629.66 ± 13.24Ae
404.64 ± 4.00Cf
219.90 ± 9.99De
MDA (μmol·g-1)
0
5.29 ± 0.37Dbc
8.83 ± 0.29Cab
9.49 ± 0.23Bbc
12.68 ± 0.20Abc
5
5.19 ± 0.17Dc
8.00 ± 0.62Cbc
9.04 ± 0.33Bcd
11.77 ± 0.16Acd
25
5.04 ± 0.41Dc
7.50 ± 0.75Cc
8.47 ± 0.14Bd
11.29 ± 0.44Ad
50
5.81 ± 0.53Dbc
8.59 ± 0.30Cab
10.40 ± 0.56Bb
13.66 ± 0.35Ab
100
6.00 ± 0.41Dab
8.94 ± 0.63Cab
11.12 ± 0.75Ba
15.22 ± 0.46Aa
200
6.60 ± 0.45Da
9.64 ± 0.61Ca
11.58 ± 0.27Ba
15.53 ± 0.34Aa
Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments at different times of the same concentration (p < 0.05); different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different concentrations at the same time (p < 0.05). 不同大写字母表示同一浓度不同时间处理间差异显著(p < 0.05); 不同小写字母表示同一时间处理不同浓度间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Table 3 表3 表3不同CaCl2浓度对宽叶雀稗幼苗叶绿素含量的影响(平均值±标准误差) Table 3Effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on the chlorophyll content of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings (mean ± SE)
叶绿素 Chlorophyll (chl) (mg·g-1)
CaCl2浓度 CaCl2 concentrations (mmol·L-1)
时间处理 Time treatment (d)
7
14
21
28
Chl a (mg·g-1)
0
3.81 ± 0.34Aa
4.41 ± 0.19Aab
3.65 ± 0.32Aa
2.43 ± 0.06Aabc
5
4.38 ± 0.34ABa
4.57 ± 0.20Aab
3.75 ± 0.13ABa
2.74 ± 0.31Bab
25
5.23 ± 0.15Aa
5.00 ± 0.19Aa
4.34 ± 0.11Aa
3.20 ± 0.19Aa
50
4.08 ± 0.16Aa
4.03 ± 0.13Aab
2.89 ± 0.12ABab
2.47 ± 0.13Bab
100
3.46 ± 0.13Aa
3.33 ± 0.11Aab
2.48 ± 0.08Aab
2.20 ± 0.07Abc
200
2.26 ± 0.04Aa
2.06 ± 0.14Ab
1.94 ± 0.24Ab
1.72 ± 0.11Ac
Chl b (mg·g-1)
0
1.06 ± 0.08Aab
1.24 ± 0.03Aa
1.41 ± 0.06Aab
1.26 ± 0.04Aa
5
1.33 ± 0.05Aa
1.71 ± 0.09Aa
2.05 ± 0.07Aa
1.67 ± 0.02Aa
25
1.19 ± 0.06Aa
1.57 ± 0.03Aa
1.75 ± 0.03Aab
1.59 ± 0.02Aa
50
1.12 ± 0.10Aab
1.31 ± 0.06Aa
1.74 ± 0.02Aab
1.45 ± 0.06Aa
100
0.87 ± 0.06Aab
1.20 ± 0.06Aa
1.38 ± 0.09Ab
1.23 ± 0.12Aa
200
0.65 ± 0.04Bb
1.13 ± 0.09Aa
1.20 ± 0.06Ab
0.84 ± 0.13ABa
Chl a+b (mg·g-1)
0
4.74 ± 0.47Aabc
5.92 ± 0.15Aab
6.48 ± 0.24Aab
5.00 ± 0.30Aab
5
5.95 ± 0.09Aa
7.09 ± 0.08Aa
7.85 ± 0.31Aa
6.51 ± 0.17Aa
25
5.44 ± 0.17Aab
6.23 ± 0.37Aab
7.23 ± 0.17Aab
5.77 ± 0.32Aab
50
4.65 ± 0.17Aabc
5.55 ± 0.35Aab
6.19 ± 0.59Aab
5.04 ± 0.33Aab
100
3.69 ± 0.38Bbc
5.05 ± 0.46Abc
5.37 ± 0.18Aab
4.74 ± 0.15Ab
200
3.08 ± 0.65Bc
3.78 ± 0.77ABc
4.24 ± 0.18Ab
3.15 ± 0.15Bc
Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference among treatments at different times of the same concentration (p < 0.05); Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference among different concentrations at the same time (p < 0.05). 不同大写字母表示同一浓度不同时间处理间差异显著(p < 0.05); 不同小写字母表示同一时间处理不同浓度间差异显著(p < 0.05)。
Fig. 3Effects of different CaCl2 concentrations on photosynthetic parameters of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings (mean ± SE). Ci, intercellular CO2 concentration; Gs, stomatal conductance; Pn, net photosynthetic rate; Tr, transpiration rate. Different uppercase letters indicate significant difference between treatments at different times of the same concentration (p < 0.05); different lowercase letters indicate significant difference between different concentrations at the same time (p < 0.05).
Table 5 表5 表5不同CaCl2浓度下宽叶雀稗幼苗形态和生理指标的隶属函数值 Table 5Sobordinative function among all growth and physiological indices of Paspalum wettsteinii seedlings under different CaCl2 concentrations
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.MittlerR, VanderauweraS, GolleryM, van BreusegemF (2004). Reactive oxygen gene network of plants .Trends in Plant Science, 9, 490-498. DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2004.08.009URL [本文引用: 1] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) control many different processes in plants. However, being toxic molecules, they are also capable of injuring cells. How this conflict is resolved in plants is largely unknown. Nonetheless, it is clear that the steady-state level of ROS in cells needs to be tightly regulated. In Arabidopsis, a network of at least 152 genes is involved in managing the level of ROS. This network is highly dynamic and redundant, and encodes ROS-scavenging and ROS-producing proteins. Although recent studies have unraveled some of the key players in the network, many questions related to its mode of regulation, its protective roles and its modulation of signaling networks that control growth, development and stress response remain unanswered.
.NingMQ, ZhaoJ (2013). The dynamic evolution of rocky desertification in Guizhou during 2005-2010 .Guizhou Agricultural Science, (9), 75-78. [本文引用: 1]
.SnehaS, RishiA, ChandraS (2014). Effect of short term salt stress on chlorophyll content, protein and activities of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes in pearl millet .American Journal of Plant Physiology, 9, 32-37. DOI:10.3923/ajpp.2014.32.37URL [本文引用: 1]
.SunCC, ZhaoHY, ZhengCX (2017). Effects of NaCl stress on osmolyte and proline metabolism in Ginkgo biloba seedling. Plant Physiology Journal, 53, 470-476. [本文引用: 1]
.WangB, YuMK, SunHJ, ChengXR, ShanQH, FangYM (2009). Photosynthetic characters of Quercus acutissima from different provenances under effects of salt stress. Journal of Applied Ecology, 20, 1817-1824. [本文引用: 1]
.WangSJ, LiYB (2007). Problems and development trends about researches on karst rocky desertification .Advances in Earth Science, 22, 573-582. URL [本文引用: 1] Karst rocky desertification is a unique kind of land desertification which happens in humid climate area in China. There has not been enough knowledge about the karst ecosystem stability and the forming mechanisms of karst rocky desertification, and there has been the lack of perfect prevention and cure techniques. Therefore, the total extending trend of rocky desertification has not been controlled yet effectively. This paper discusses the existing problems of present basic researches on the processes of karst rocky desertification and adaptive recovery of karst ecosystems, including the temporalspatial changes and driving mechanisms of karst rocky desertification, the soil erosion processes and its driving forces as well as risk evaluation in karst mountainous regions, the relationship of biogeochemical processes in karst rocky desertification with degradation processes of karst ecosystems, adaptive recovery of the degraded karst ecosystems, the optimization of service function and comprehensive adjusting and controlling measures of karst ecosystem, etc. It is emphasized that karst rocky desertification is not induced only by natural processes that happen in the geographical zones, and is the comprehensive ecological problems concerning the naturally, socially and economically driving factors. Multidisciplinary integration and comprehensive research methods based on karst science should be adopted in the researches on karst rocky desertification. The development trends on the above research fields have also been predicted also in the last decades. [王世杰, 李阳兵 (2007). 喀斯特石漠化研究存在的问题与发展趋势 地球科学进展, 22, 573-582.] URL [本文引用: 1] Karst rocky desertification is a unique kind of land desertification which happens in humid climate area in China. There has not been enough knowledge about the karst ecosystem stability and the forming mechanisms of karst rocky desertification, and there has been the lack of perfect prevention and cure techniques. Therefore, the total extending trend of rocky desertification has not been controlled yet effectively. This paper discusses the existing problems of present basic researches on the processes of karst rocky desertification and adaptive recovery of karst ecosystems, including the temporalspatial changes and driving mechanisms of karst rocky desertification, the soil erosion processes and its driving forces as well as risk evaluation in karst mountainous regions, the relationship of biogeochemical processes in karst rocky desertification with degradation processes of karst ecosystems, adaptive recovery of the degraded karst ecosystems, the optimization of service function and comprehensive adjusting and controlling measures of karst ecosystem, etc. It is emphasized that karst rocky desertification is not induced only by natural processes that happen in the geographical zones, and is the comprehensive ecological problems concerning the naturally, socially and economically driving factors. Multidisciplinary integration and comprehensive research methods based on karst science should be adopted in the researches on karst rocky desertification. The development trends on the above research fields have also been predicted also in the last decades.
.WangWJ, ZhaoLL, WangPC, ChenC, YuQQ, ZhangYJ (2019). Effect of different nitrogen levels on the physiology and ecology of Paspalum wettsteinii. Pratacultural Science, 36, 744-753. [本文引用: 1]
.XuDH, WangWY, GaoTP, FangXW, GaoXG, LiJH, BuHY, MuJ (2017). Calcium alleviates decreases in photosynthesis under salt stress by enhancing antioxidant metabolism and adjusting solute accumulation in Calligonum mongolicum Conservation Physiology, 5, cox060. DOI:10.1093/conphys/cox060. [本文引用: 1]
.YangFR, LiuWY, HuangJ, WeiYM, JinQ (2017). Physiological responses of different quinoa varieties to salt stress and evaluation of salt tolerance .Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 26, 77-88. [本文引用: 1]
.YangYQ, GuoY (2018). Elucidating the molecular mechanisms mediating plant salt-stress responses .New Phytologist, 217, 523-539. DOI:10.1111/nph.14920URLPMID:29205383 [本文引用: 1] Contents Summary 523 I. Introduction 523 II. Sensing salt stress 524 III. Ion homeostasis regulation 524 IV. Metabolite and cell activity responses to salt stress 527 V. Conclusions and perspectives 532 Acknowledgements 533 References 533 SUMMARY: Excess soluble salts in soil (saline soils) are harmful to most plants. Salt imposes osmotic, ionic, and secondary stresses on plants. Over the past two decades, many determinants of salt tolerance and their regulatory mechanisms have been identified and characterized using molecular genetics and genomics approaches. This review describes recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms controlling ion homeostasis, cell activity responses, and epigenetic regulation in plants under salt stress. Finally, we highlight research areas that require further research to reveal new determinants of salt tolerance in plants.
.ZengC, WangSJ, BaiXY, LiYB, TianYC, LiY, WuLH, LuoGJ (2017). Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology using RUSLE with GIS .Solid Earth, 8, 721-736. DOI:10.5194/se-8-721-2017URL [本文引用: 1]
.ZhangHH, ZhangXL, LiX, DingJN, ZhuWX, QiF, ZhangT, TianY, SunGY (2012). Effects of NaCl and Na2CO3 stresses on the growth and photosynthesis characteristics of Morus alba seedlings. Journal of Applied Ecology, 23, 625-631. URLPMID:22720603 [本文引用: 1] Taking 1-year old Morus alba variety 'Qinglong' seedlings as test materials, this paper studied their growth and photosynthetic characteristics under the stresses of different concentration neutral salt NaCl and alkali salt Na2CO3. Salt stresses decreased the plant height and the leaf number, biomass, and photosynthetic capacity of the seedlings markedly. With increasing concentration Na+, the leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, actual photochemical efficiency, electron transport rate, and photochemical quenching (qP) decreased obviously, the energy dissipation rate increased, and the light use efficiency and photosynthetic capacity dropped down. At low concentrations Na+ (&lt; 150 mmol x L(-1)), the seedlings growth and leaf photosynthetic capacity were slightly inhibited, and the adaptability of the seedlings to the salt stresses increased via the increase of root/shoot ratio. However, this protection mechanism was impaired by increasing salt concentration. Na2CO3 stress (Na+ concentration &gt; 50 mmol x L(-)) had stronger inhibitory effects on the seedlings growth and leaf photosynthetic capacity, and the effect increased with increasing Na+ concentration. It was concluded that at Na+ concentration &lt; 150 mmol x L(-1), the photosynthetic adaptability of M. alba to neutral salt stress was mainly dependent on the plant morphology and photosynthetic metabolism, but at Na+ concentration &gt; 150 mmol x L(-1), the photosynthetic adaptability of M. alba to alkali salt stress was mainly dependent on the photosynthetic metabolism. [张会慧, 张秀丽, 李鑫, 丁俊男, 朱文旭, 齐飞, 张婷, 田野, 孙广玉 (2012). NaCl和Na2CO3胁迫对桑树幼苗生长和光合特性的影响 应用生态学报, 23, 625-631.] URLPMID:22720603 [本文引用: 1] Taking 1-year old Morus alba variety 'Qinglong' seedlings as test materials, this paper studied their growth and photosynthetic characteristics under the stresses of different concentration neutral salt NaCl and alkali salt Na2CO3. Salt stresses decreased the plant height and the leaf number, biomass, and photosynthetic capacity of the seedlings markedly. With increasing concentration Na+, the leaf stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, actual photochemical efficiency, electron transport rate, and photochemical quenching (qP) decreased obviously, the energy dissipation rate increased, and the light use efficiency and photosynthetic capacity dropped down. At low concentrations Na+ (&lt; 150 mmol x L(-1)), the seedlings growth and leaf photosynthetic capacity were slightly inhibited, and the adaptability of the seedlings to the salt stresses increased via the increase of root/shoot ratio. However, this protection mechanism was impaired by increasing salt concentration. Na2CO3 stress (Na+ concentration &gt; 50 mmol x L(-)) had stronger inhibitory effects on the seedlings growth and leaf photosynthetic capacity, and the effect increased with increasing Na+ concentration. It was concluded that at Na+ concentration &lt; 150 mmol x L(-1), the photosynthetic adaptability of M. alba to neutral salt stress was mainly dependent on the plant morphology and photosynthetic metabolism, but at Na+ concentration &gt; 150 mmol x L(-1), the photosynthetic adaptability of M. alba to alkali salt stress was mainly dependent on the photosynthetic metabolism.
.ZhangSR (1999). A discussion on chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameters and their significance .Chinese Bulletin of Botany, 34, 444-448. [本文引用: 1]
The effect of CaCl2 on calcium content, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll fluorescence of tung tree seedlings under drought conditions 1 2017
... 位于我国西南的贵州高原是世界上面积最大、分布最集中的喀斯特地区的中心, 也是喀斯特发育最典型的一个地区(Zeng et al., 2017; Li et al., 2019).其分布广泛的碳酸盐岩层出露面积达1.3 × 105 km2, 占贵州全省总面积的73% (宁茂岐和赵佳, 2013).贵州属于亚热带湿润季风气候, 碳酸盐岩层受到侵蚀较为严重, 导致土壤钙盐化(蒋忠诚等, 2014), 其中碳酸盐岩范围占土壤钙盐化范围的1%-3%, 是同纬度硅酸盐地区的2-3倍(李小方, 2006).由于侵蚀严重, 导致土壤中氮、磷、钾等养分大量流失(王世杰和李阳兵, 2007), 严重威胁喀斯特地区植物的生长, 因此选择种植耐高钙盐的植物对喀斯特地区草地畜牧业的发展和生态环境的改善具有重要意义.钙是植物生长发育所必需的元素(Liang et al., 2009), 可以通过维持细胞膜通透性、离子运输、信号转导等方式直接参与植物抵抗盐胁迫(Ferit & Füsun, 2016)、重金属(Gabara et al., 1995)和干旱(Li et al., 2017)等非生物逆境, 但不同植物对钙的敏感性不同, 缺钙、低钙或钙浓度过高都会影响植物生长, 适宜钙浓度才能促进植物生长, 有利于提高作物产量. ...
Effects of lithology and geomorphology on sediment yield in karst mountainous catchments 1 2019
... 位于我国西南的贵州高原是世界上面积最大、分布最集中的喀斯特地区的中心, 也是喀斯特发育最典型的一个地区(Zeng et al., 2017; Li et al., 2019).其分布广泛的碳酸盐岩层出露面积达1.3 × 105 km2, 占贵州全省总面积的73% (宁茂岐和赵佳, 2013).贵州属于亚热带湿润季风气候, 碳酸盐岩层受到侵蚀较为严重, 导致土壤钙盐化(蒋忠诚等, 2014), 其中碳酸盐岩范围占土壤钙盐化范围的1%-3%, 是同纬度硅酸盐地区的2-3倍(李小方, 2006).由于侵蚀严重, 导致土壤中氮、磷、钾等养分大量流失(王世杰和李阳兵, 2007), 严重威胁喀斯特地区植物的生长, 因此选择种植耐高钙盐的植物对喀斯特地区草地畜牧业的发展和生态环境的改善具有重要意义.钙是植物生长发育所必需的元素(Liang et al., 2009), 可以通过维持细胞膜通透性、离子运输、信号转导等方式直接参与植物抵抗盐胁迫(Ferit & Füsun, 2016)、重金属(Gabara et al., 1995)和干旱(Li et al., 2017)等非生物逆境, 但不同植物对钙的敏感性不同, 缺钙、低钙或钙浓度过高都会影响植物生长, 适宜钙浓度才能促进植物生长, 有利于提高作物产量. ...
The role of calcium in regulating photosynthesis and related physiological indexes of cucumber seedlings under low light intensity and suboptimal temperature stress 1 2009
... 位于我国西南的贵州高原是世界上面积最大、分布最集中的喀斯特地区的中心, 也是喀斯特发育最典型的一个地区(Zeng et al., 2017; Li et al., 2019).其分布广泛的碳酸盐岩层出露面积达1.3 × 105 km2, 占贵州全省总面积的73% (宁茂岐和赵佳, 2013).贵州属于亚热带湿润季风气候, 碳酸盐岩层受到侵蚀较为严重, 导致土壤钙盐化(蒋忠诚等, 2014), 其中碳酸盐岩范围占土壤钙盐化范围的1%-3%, 是同纬度硅酸盐地区的2-3倍(李小方, 2006).由于侵蚀严重, 导致土壤中氮、磷、钾等养分大量流失(王世杰和李阳兵, 2007), 严重威胁喀斯特地区植物的生长, 因此选择种植耐高钙盐的植物对喀斯特地区草地畜牧业的发展和生态环境的改善具有重要意义.钙是植物生长发育所必需的元素(Liang et al., 2009), 可以通过维持细胞膜通透性、离子运输、信号转导等方式直接参与植物抵抗盐胁迫(Ferit & Füsun, 2016)、重金属(Gabara et al., 1995)和干旱(Li et al., 2017)等非生物逆境, 但不同植物对钙的敏感性不同, 缺钙、低钙或钙浓度过高都会影响植物生长, 适宜钙浓度才能促进植物生长, 有利于提高作物产量. ...
Calcium alleviates decreases in photosynthesis under salt stress by enhancing antioxidant metabolism and adjusting solute accumulation in Calligonum mongolicum 1 2017